佩刀

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佩刀Template:Langx[1]Template:LangxTemplate:Langx),又有不同名称,宫廷剑细剑花剑锐剑西洋剑军刀,为弯曲刀身与单面刀锋的西方军刀。

语源[编辑]

“佩剑”的语源可以追溯至钦察突厥语和匈牙利语,意为“切”(Template:Langx[2]

历史[编辑]

佩剑原是匈牙利人所使用的武器[3],使用的历史最早可追溯到西元九世纪前后,始于匈牙利骠骑兵[4]

17世纪末和18世纪,许多匈牙利骠骑兵逃亡到中、西欧国家,并成为当地骠骑兵的中坚,因此把被称为Sabre的佩剑传入西欧[5]package.lua第80行Lua错误:module 'Module:Format link' not found在19世纪初,佩剑在拿破仑战争开始在战场上大量使用,并持续到第二次世界大战结束[6][7][8];根据FIE剑种说明,现代运动的佩剑是由十九世纪海军用剑发展而成的。与此同时,欧洲的警察亦曾装备佩剑,后来因人道和实用性理由,被警棍取代[9][10]

现时,佩剑主要作为军队和警察仪仗用途和护旗队的工具使用。

特点[编辑]

佩剑源于东欧Szabla型佩剑,最早是中世纪时的单刃刀。为了方便在马上单手使用,佩剑通常造得轻巧,刀身也尽量造得较长,共有直刀身、微弯刀身、大弯刀身三种。

图集[编辑]

参见[编辑]

参考来源[编辑]

  1. e.g. Report on the Military Academy at West Point, United States Congressional serial set, Volume 1089, U.S. Government Printing Office, 1861, p. 218.
  2. There are some alternative suggestions, deriving the term from a natively Slavic word; e.g. Brückner (Słownik etymologiczny języka polskiego. 1927) adduced Slavi sabl "rooster" and Menges (The Oriental elements in the vocabulary of the oldest Russian epos, 1951) attempted to connect the Arabic saif.
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  5. Bavaria raised its first hussar regiment in 1688 and a second one in about 1700. Prussia followed suit in 1721 when Frederick the Great used hussar units extensively during the War of the Austrian Succession. France established a number of hussar regiments from 1692 onward, recruiting originally from Hungary and Germany, then subsequently from German-speaking frontier regions within France itself. The first hussar regiment in France was founded by a Hungarian lieutenant named Ladislas Ignace de Bercheny. Hungarian-history.hu页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆
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  8. Klaus Richter, Weapons & Equipment of the German Cavalry: 1935–1945, p. 25, ISBN 978-0-8874-0816-8
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