薑黃屬

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（重新導向自Curcuma）
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薑黃屬File:Infobox info icon2.svg
File:Curcuma domestica Valet. (6254487764).jpg
薑黃(Curcuma longa)
科學分類 編輯
界： 植物界 Plantae
演化支： 維管束植物 Tracheophyta
演化支： 被子植物 Angiosperms
演化支： 單子葉植物 Monocots
演化支： 鴨跖草類植物 Commelinids
目： 薑目 Zingiberales
科： 薑科 Zingiberaceae
亞科： 薑亞科 Zingiberoideae
族： 姜花族 Hedychieae
屬： 薑黃屬 Curcuma
L.，1753
模式種
薑黃 Curcuma longa
L. (1753)
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Module:Wd第196行Lua錯誤：attempt to call field 'getGlobalSiteId' (a nil value)
異名[1]
  • Kua Rheede ex Medic.
  • Erndlia Giseke
  • Stissera Giseke 1792, illegitimate homonym not Heist. ex Fabr. 1759
  • Hitcheniopsis (Baker) Ridl.
  • Paracautleya R.M.Sm.

薑黃屬（學名：Curcuma）是薑科下的一個屬，為多年生草本植物[2]。常見的植物有薑黃及薑荷花。該屬共有160餘種[3]，分布於東南亞、華南地區、印度次大陸、新幾內亞及澳大利亞北部[4]。 據報部分物種已在這個世界比較溫暖的地區本土化，例如：非洲的熱帶地區、中美洲、北美洲的佛羅里達州及其他位於太平洋、印度洋及大西洋的島嶼上。一般來說，大多數薑黃屬物種在陰涼處的鬆散沙質土壤中生長良好[1][5]。

歷史[編輯]

薑黃屬的學名源於梵文的kuṅkuma，意思就是薑黃。西元五世紀前後、魏晉南北朝期間，鬱金經西域、中亞再傳入中國，用作香藥。原名音譯自波斯文 Kurkam (كركم)，以 -t 入聲字「鬱」對譯 -r，以 -m 陽聲韻字「金」對譯波斯文 /kam/[6]。薑黃早在古時就已經為印度人用於醫藥用途[7]，更常用於為咖喱粉、芥末、黃油及奶酪等食物添色添味，又或替代藏紅花或其他黃色色素的地位[8]。而在東亞，當地土產本屬植物的根莖及膨大的塊根大都可供藥用：根莖為中藥材「薑黃」或「莪朮」的商品來源，塊根則為「鬱金」的來源[2]。

物種[編輯]

File:Naturalis Biodiversity Center - L.0939336 - Curcuma zerumbet - Artwork.jpeg
Curcuma euchroma
File:Curcuma inodora W IMG 1291.jpg
粉苞鬱金（越南語：Curcuma inodora） (Curcuma inodora)
File:Naturalis Biodiversity Center - L.0939330 - Bernecker, A. - Curcuma domestica Valeton - Artwork.jpeg
薑黃 (Curcuma longa)

截至2021年5月，世界植物在線數據庫接受如下物種：[3]

圖庫[編輯]

File:Wiktionary-logo.svg
查看維基詞典中的詞條「姜黄属」。

參考文獻[編輯]

  1. ^ 1.0 1.1 Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families （English）. [失效連結]
  2. ^ 2.0 2.1 姜黄属 Curcuma L.. 中國植物物種信息數據庫. [2021-07-24]. （原始內容存檔於2016-04-03） （中文（簡體））. 
  3. ^ 3.0 3.1 Plants of the World Online: Curcuma L. (retrieved 3 May 2021). [2021-07-24]. （原始內容存檔於2021-08-15）. 
  4. ^ Curcuma [family Zingiberaceae] on JSTOR. plants.jstor.org. [2020-12-15]. （原始內容存檔於2021-07-25）. 
  5. ^ Sirirugsa, P.; Larsen, K.; Maknoi, C. The Genus Curcuma L . ( Zingiberaceae ) : Distribution and Classification with Reference to Species Diversity in Thailand. www.semanticscholar.org. 2010 [2020-12-15]. （原始內容存檔於2021-07-25） （English）. 
  6. ^ Berthold Laufer, Sino-Iranica: Chinese contributions to the history of civilization in ancient Iran (Chicago: the Field Museum of National History, 1919) , pp. 309-323.
  7. ^ Prasad, Sahdeo; Aggarwal, Bharat B., Benzie, Iris F. F.; Wachtel-Galor, Sissi , 編, Turmeric, the Golden Spice: From Traditional Medicine to Modern Medicine, Herbal Medicine: Biomolecular and Clinical Aspects 2nd (Boca Raton (FL): CRC Press/Taylor & Francis), 2011 [2021-01-15], ISBN 978-1-4398-0713-2, PMID 22593922, （原始內容存檔於2021-03-11） 
  8. ^ Tawney, C. H. The Ocean of Story, chapter 104. 1924: 13 [2021-07-24]. （原始內容存檔於2021-07-25）. 
  9. ^ Surapon Saensouk, Thawatphong Boonma and Piyaporn Surapon Saensouk. 2022. Curcuma achrae (Zingiberaceae), A New Species from Central Thailand. Rheedea. 32(1); 30-45. DOI: 10.22244/rheedea.2022.32.01.03
  10. ^ 10.0 10.1 10.2 Charun Maknoi, Surapon Saensouk, Piyaporn Saensouk, Sarayut Rakarcha and Woranart Thammarong. 2021. Two New Species of Curcuma L. (Zingiberaceae) from Thailand. Biodiversitas. 22; 3910-3921. DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d220937
  11. ^ 11.0 11.1 11.2 11.3 11.4 11.5 Surapon Saensouk, Thawatphong Boonma and Piyaporn Saensouk. 2021. Six New Species and A New Record of Curcuma L. (Zingiberaceae) from Thailand. Biodiversitas. 22(4); 1658-1685. DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d220410
  12. ^ 12.0 12.1 J. Leong-Škorničková, S. Soonthornkalump and P. Suksathan. 2020. Curcuma cinnabarina and C. eburnea (Zingiberaceae: Zingiberoideae), Two New Species from Thailand. Edinburgh Journal of Botany. 77(3): 391 - 402. DOI: 10.1017/S0960428620000049
  13. ^ 13.0 13.1 J. Leong-Škorničková; O. Šída; S. Bouamanivong; K. Souvannakhoummane; K. Phathavong. 2014. Three New Ginger Species (Zingiberaceae) from Laos. Blumea - Biodiversity, Evolution and Biogeography of Plants. 59; 106–112
  14. ^ Hồng Trường Lu'u, Hữu Đăng Trần, Trần Quốc Trung Nguyễn and Jana Leong-Škorničková. 2017. Curcuma cotuana sp. nov. (Zingiberaceae: Zingibereae) from central Vietnam. Nordic Journal of Botany. 35(5); 552–556. DOI: 10.1111/njb.01594
  15. ^ S. Ruchisansakun and T. Jenjittikul. 2023. Curcuma ignea (Zingiberaceae), A spectacular New Species from Thailand. Edinburgh Journal of Botany. 80 DOI: 10.24823/ejb.2023.1959
  16. ^ Bidyaleima Laishram, Kishor Rajkumar and Gurumayum J. Sharma. 2023. Curcuma kakchingense (Zingiberaceae), A New Species from northeast India. Nordic Journal of Botany. e04023. DOI: 10.1111/njb.04023
  17. ^ Leonid crocus (Curcuma leonidii) – a new species discovered in Bu Gia Map National Park in Binh Phuoc province. Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology. [2014-05-03]. （原始內容存檔於2014-05-04）. 
  18. ^ J. Leong-Škorničková, S. Soonthornkalump, S. Niwesrat and S.Q. Lim. 2022. Curcuma lindstromii (Zingiberaceae: Zingiberoideae), A New Species from southeastern Thailand. Gardens』 Bulletin Singapore 74(2): 243–250.
  19. ^ 19.0 19.1 Sutthinut Soonthornkalump, Tidarat Pungpairote, Sira Niwesrat and Jana Skornickova. 2021. Curcuma lithophila and C. rufostriata (Zingiberaceae), Two New Species from Thailand, and Additional Notes on C. papilionacea. Thai Forest Bulletin (Botany). 49(1); 32-43. DOI: 10.20531/tfb.2021.49.1.03
  20. ^ 20.0 20.1 Jana Leong-Škorničková, Sutthinut Soonthornkalump, Anders Jan Lindström, Sira Niwesrat, Sarah Qing Lim and Piyakaset Suksathan. 2023. Curcuma maxwellii and C. rubroaurantiaca (Zingiberaceae, Zingiberoideae), Two New Species from Thailand. PhytoKeys. 235: 237-248. DOI: 10.3897/phytokeys.235.111400
  21. ^ Piyaporn Saensouk, Thawatphong Boonma and Surapon Saensouk. 2022. Curcuma nakhonphanomensis (Zingiberaceae), A New Species from the lower Mekong River Basin, northeastern Thailand. Biodiversitas. 23: 6040-6048. https://smujo.id/biodiv/article/view/12165 （頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館）
  22. ^ Mamiyil Sabu, Saroj Kumar Kasaju and Sajan Subedi. 2023. Curcuma nepalensis (Zingiberaceae), a New Species from Nepal. Annales Botanici Fennici 60(1), 185-189. DOI: 10.5735/085.060.0127
  23. ^ Sutthinut Soonthornkalump, Annop Ongsakul, Aumdah Dolaji and Jana Leong-Škorničková. 2020. Curcuma papilionacea (Zingiberaceae), An Unusual New Species from southern Thailand. Phytotaxa. 432(1); 11–16. DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.432.1.2
  24. ^ Keooudone Souvannakhoummane and Charun Maknoi. 2014. Curcuma peramoena (Zingiberaceae), A New Species from north Lao PDR. THAI JOURNAL OF BOTANY. 6(2); 125-130.
  25. ^ Piyaporn Saensouk, Thawatphong Boonma and Surapon Saensouk. 2022. Curcuma pulcherrima (Zingiberaceae), A New Rare Species of Curcuma subgen. Ecomata from eastern Thailand. Biodiversitas. 23: 6635-6644. DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d231262
  26. ^ Charun Maknoi, Saroj Ruchisansakun and Thaya Jenjittikul. 2019. Curcuma putii (Zingiberaceae), A New Species from Thailand. Annales Botanici Fennici. 56; 351-353. plantscience.sc.mahidol.ac.th/?p=2837
  27. ^ Surapon Saensouk, Thawatphong Boonma and Piyaporn Saensouk. 2021. A New Species and A New Record of Curcuma subgen. Curcuma (Zingiberaceae) from Northern Thailand. Biodiversitas. 22(9); 3661-3670.
  28. ^ Juan Chen, Yu‐Shi Ye and Nian‐He Xia. 2021. Curcuma ruiliensis (Zingiberaceae), A New Species from Yunnan, China. Nordic Journal of Botany. DOI: 10.1111/njb.02910
  29. ^ Thawatphong Boonma and Surapon Saensouk. 2019. Curcuma saraburiensis (Zingiberaceae), A New Species from Thailand. Taiwania. 64(3); 245-248. DOI: 10.6165/tai.2019.64.245
  30. ^ Saensouk P, Boonma T, Saensouk S. 2021. Curcuma siamensis (Zingiberaceae, Zingibereae), A New Species of Curcuma subgen. Ecomatae from Southeastern Thailand. Biodiversitas. 22(12); 5239-5246. DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d221201 smujo.id/biodiv/article/view/9607
  31. ^ 31.0 31.1 Danh Duc Nguyen, Tuan Anh Le, Quoc Huy Hoang, Quoc Thuong Le and Emmy Nguyen. 2022. Two New Taxa of Curcuma sect. Ecomata (Zingiberaceae: Zingibereae), from coastal Central Vietnam. Biodiversitas. 23: 2512-2519. smujo.id/biodiv/article/view/10603
  32. ^ Sutthinut Soonthornkalump, Juthamas Kongphapa, Sukontip Vianmana, Natcha Kunlapa and Jana Leong-Skornickova. 2022. Curcuma stahlianthoides (Zingiberaceae), A New Species from northeastern Thailand dispersed by Ants. Blumea - Biodiversity, Evolution and Biogeography of Plants. 67(1); 71–75. DOI: 10.3767/blumea.2022.67.01.09
  33. ^ Thawatphong Boonma. 2023. Curcuma suraponii sp. nov. (Zingiberaceae), A New Species of Curcuma Subgen. Curcuma from Thailand. BIODIVERSITAS. 24(9); 4885-4895. smujo.id/biodiv/article/view/15553
  34. ^ Tan, Yun-Hong; Zhang, Zhong-Lian; Li, Hai-Tao; Ding, Hong-Bo; Zhang, Li-Xia. Curcuma tongii , a new species of Curcuma subgen. Ecomatae (Zingiberaceae) from southern Yunnan, China. Phytotaxa. 2019-03-11, 395 (3): 241–247 [2021-07-24]. ISSN 1179-3163. doi:10.11646/phytotaxa.395.3.9. （原始內容存檔於2021-02-26） （English）. 
  35. ^ Piyaporn SAENSOUK, Thawatphong BOONMA, Charun MAKNOI and Surapon SAENSOUK. 2023. Curcuma ubonensis (Zingiberaceae), A New Species of Curcuma subgen. Hitcheniopsis from Eastern Thailand. Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca. 51(4), 13374. DOI: 10.15835/nbha51413374
  36. ^ Surapon Saensouk, Thawatphong Boonma, Adisak Thomudtha, Pariya Thomudtha and Piyaporn Saensouk. 2021. Curcuma wanenlueanga (Zingiberaceae), A New Species of Subgenus Curcuma from Thailand. Biodiversitas: Journal of Biological Diversity. 22(7); 2988-2994. DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d220752
  37. ^ Juan CHEN, Anders J. LINDSTROM and Nian-He XIA . 2015. Curcuma woodii (Zingiberaceae), A New Species from Thailand. Phytotaxa. 227(1): 075–082. DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.227.1.8
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維基共享資源上的相關多媒體資源：薑黃屬

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