姬蛛科
（重定向自Theridiidae）
| 球蛛科File:Infobox info icon2.svg | |
|---|---|
| File:Latrodectus mactans.jpg | |
| 黑寡妇蜘蛛 | |
| 科学分类 编辑 | |
| 界： | 动物界 Animalia |
| 门： | 节肢动物门 Arthropoda |
| 纲： | 蛛形纲 Arachnida |
| 目： | 蜘蛛目 Araneae |
| 亚目： | 背突蛛亚目 Opisthothelae |
| 下目： | 新蛛下目 Araneomorphae |
| 演化支： | 复杂生殖器类 Entelegynae |
| 演化支： | 圆网蛛类 Orbiculariae |
| 总科： | 金蛛总科 Araneoidea |
| 科： | 球蛛科 Theridiidae Sundevall, 1833 |
| 属 | |
|
超过100属 | |
姬蛛科（学名：Theridiidae）又名姬蜘科、球蛛科，是蜘蛛目下的一个大科，其下共有100多属、2200多种蜘蛛[1]。分布遍及全球[2]。
常结不规则网于牛棚，人的住所等处。母蜘蛛将梅核形卵包挂在网中。蜘蛛毒一般是针对其猎物，对人之影响不大，一般姬蜘科蜘蛛并不危险，但其中亦有黑寡妇蜘蛛。
分类[编辑]
截至2015年11月[update]，世界蜘蛛名录收录有以下几属：[3]
- 丘腹蛛属 Helvidia 寇蛛属
- Menge, 1868
- Achaearanea Strand, 1929
- Achaearyopa Barrion & Litsinger, 1995
- Achaeridion Ono, 2007
- Ameridion Anatolidion
- Simon, 1891 Ariamnes
- Deeleman & Wunderlich, 2011 Cameronidion
- Chrosiothes Selden, 1990
- Cretaraneus liaoningensis Cheng et al., 2008
- Cretaraneus martinsnetoi Mesquita, 1996
- Cretaraneus vilaltae Selden, 1990
- Episinus
- Walckenaer, 1805 Nesopholcomma 藻蛛属
- Styposis Phycosoma Simon, 1894
- Latreille, 1809 Hentziectypus
- Ono, 2010 O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1879 高蛛属
- Carniella Simon, 1894
- Dipoenata Archer, 1946
- Macaridion Phylloneta
- Yoshida, 2001 Archer, 1950
- Euryopis Wunderlich, 1992
- Nesticodes Tamanidion
- Thorell, 1869 Audifia
- Wunderlich, 2011 Thaler & Steinberger, 1988
- Crustulina Wunderlich, 1988 Menge, 1868
- Heterotheridion Archer, 1950
- Koçak & Kemal, 2008
- Tekellina Wunderlich, 2008
- Magnopholcomma Proboscidula
- Levi, 1957 Chrysso
- Menge, 1868 Eurypoena
- Wunderlich, 2008 Nipponidion
- Theonoe Propostira
- Simon, 1881 Wunderlich, 1992 Hetschkia
- 美蒂蛛属 Yoshida, 2001 Anatea
- Wunderlich, 2008 Argyrodes
- Keyserling, 1884 Brunepisinus
- 钟蛛属 Cephalobares O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1882
- Dipoenura
- Keyserling, 1886 Meotipa
- Pycnoepisinus Walckenaer, 1805 Wunderlich, 2008
- Exalbidion
- Simon, 1894 Nojimaia
- Theridula O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1870
- Cryptachaea Simon, 1909 Wunderlich, 1995
- Histagonia Yoshida, 2009
- L. Koch, 1872 银板蛛属 罗伯蛛属
- Thwaitesia Simon, 1895
- Molione Robertus
- O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1881 Asagena
- Yoshida & Koh, 2011 Campanicola
- Coleosoma Archer, 1946
- Faiditus Thorell, 1892
- Ohlertidion Thymoites
- Ruborridion Keyserling, 1884 Keyserling, 1884
- Icona 短跗蛛属 Wunderlich, 2008
- Wunderlich, 2011 Cerocida
- O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1882 Echinotheridion
- Forster, 1955 Moneta
- Rugathodes Chamberlin & Ivie, 1934
- Archer, 1950 Wunderlich, 2008
- Allothymoites Wunderlich, 1995
- Berland, 1927 阿内蛛属 Argyrodella
- Simon, 1864 Sundevall, 1833 Bardala
- Yoshida, 2015 Simon, 1894
- Cyllognatha Levi, 1963
- Keyserling, 1890 Jamaitidion
- Yoshida, 2009 Wunderlich, 1995
- Wamba
- Wunderlich, 1995 Montanidion
- Selkirkiella O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1896
- Coscinida L. Koch, 1872
- Grancanaridion Wunderlich, 2011
- Paidiscura Wirada
- Sesato Keyserling, 1886 Wunderlich, 2011
- Janula Archer, 1950
- Saaristo, 2006
- Saaristo, 2006 Cabello
- Chikunia Simon, 1895
- Emertonella Strand, 1932
- Nanume Seycellesa
- Yoshida, 2002 Koçak & Kemal, 2008
- Guaraniella Saaristo, 2006
- Parasteatoda Yoroa
- [[Yoshida, 2009
- Chikunia albipes (Saito, 1935)
- Chikunia bilde Smith, Agnarsson & Grinsted, 2019[4]
- Chikunia nigra (O.Pickard-Cambridge, 1880)]] Deelemanella
- Bryant, 1945 Baert, 1984 Kochiura
- Archer, 1946 Wunderlich, 1992
- 汤野蛛属 Yunohamella
- Archer, 1950 Neopisinus
- Anelosimus
- Saaristo, 2006 Asygyna
- Levi, 1964 Canalidion
- Craspedisia Yoshida, 2003
- Hadrotarsus
- Marques, Buckup & Rodrigues, 2011 Paratheridula
- Zercidium
- Yoshida, 2007 Baert, 1984 Yaginumena
- Spinembolia Benoit, 1977 Simon, 1895
- Tomoxena Thorell, 1881 Landoppo
- Levi, 1957 Saaristo, 2006
- Tidarren Emerton, 1882
- Theridion 球蛛属 西奥蛛属
- Wunderlich, 2011 Chorizopella Simon, 1894
- 圆腹蛛属 Enoplognatha
- Barrion & Litsinger, 1995 Neospintharus
- Spintharus Takayus
- Saaristo, 2006 Stoda O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1894
- Westwood, 1835 Simon, 1894 Hentz, 1850
- Steatoda
- Helvibis Exline, 1950
- Pholcomma Yaginuma, 1957
- Spheropistha Simitidion Agnarsson, 2006
- Borneoridion Wunderlich, 2008
- Lawrence, 1947 Dipoena
- Pavesi, 1880 Keyserling, 1884 Lasaeola
- Thorell, 1869 Sundevall, 1833
- Berland, 1924 Sardinidion
- O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1879 Rhomphaea
- Miller, 1970
- Platnickina
- Simon, 1881 Neottiura
- Stemmops Phoroncidia Okumaella
- O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1870 Latrodectus
- Thorell, 1890
- Cretaraneus Thorell, 1869 Gmogala
该科下还有35个已经完全灭绝的属。[5]
参考文献[编辑]
- ^ Platnick, Norman I. The World Spider Catalog. [2009-08-11]. （原始内容存档于2009-02-21）.
- ^ Leong, Misha; Bertone, Matthew A.; Savage, Amy M.; Bayless, Keith M.; Dunn, Robert R.; Trautwein, Michelle D. The Habitats Humans Provide: Factors affecting the diversity and composition of arthropods in houses. Scientific Reports. 2017-11-10, 7 (1). ISSN 2045-2322. doi:10.1038/s41598-017-15584-2. （原始内容存档于2020-03-03） （English）.
- ^ Family: Theridiidae Sundevall, 1833, World Spider Catalog (Natural History Museum Bern), [2015-11-07], （原始内容存档于2020-01-11）
- ^ Smith, Cassandra; Cotter, Addie; Grinsted, Lena; Bowolaksono, Anom; Watiniasih, Ni Luh; Agnarsson, Ingi. In a relationship: sister species in mixed colonies, with a description of new Chikunia species (Theridiidae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. 2019-05-25, 186 (2): zly083. ISSN 0024-4082. doi:10.1093/zoolinnean/zly083 （English）.
- ^ Dunlop, J.A.; Penney, D.; Jekel, D. A summary list of fossil spiders and their relatives (PDF). World Spider Catalog. Natural History Museum Bern. 2015 [2015-11-06]. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2015-11-29）.
Module:Taxonbar第160行Lua错误：attempt to index field 'wikibase' (a nil value)
