狼蛛科
(重定向自Lycosidae)
| 狼蛛科File:Infobox info icon2.svg | |
|---|---|
| File:Hogna helluo2.jpg | |
| 狼蛛 Lycosa helluo | |
| 科学分类 编辑 | |
| 界: | 动物界 Animalia |
| 门: | 节肢动物门 Arthropoda |
| 纲: | 蛛形纲 Arachnida |
| 目: | 蜘蛛目 Araneae |
| 亚目: | 背突蛛亚目 Opisthothelae |
| 下目: | 新蛛下目 Araneomorphae |
| 总科: | 狼蛛总科 Lycosoidea |
| 科: | 狼蛛科 Lycosidae Sundevall, 1833 |
| 属 | |
|
见正文 | |
| 多样性 | |
| 多于100个属,约2300个品种 | |
因行动敏捷、性凶猛、经常从后追上猎物,而通称狼蛛。能跳、有毒性、善跑但不能在玻璃等光滑竖立面上爬。其行走攀登能力及视力都次于蝇虎科(跳蛛)。本科生卵后,将卵袋携带在丝囊(纺器)下,卵孵化后小蜘蛛都爬到母蛛腹部上,几天后才开始独立生活。
狼蛛眼睛排成三列(见图一)。其第二列单眼显著(见图二)。
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全身;1. 卵袋,2. 螯肢,3. 触肢
网络盛传,狼蛛可做成料理食用,例如柬埔寨将毛狼蛛加上蒜片后油炸食用;在墨西哥有餐厅将狼蛛冷冻处理、去除有毒的绒毛后火烤加入塔可饼[1]。然其所指实为捕鸟蛛,而非狼蛛。
下属物种[编辑]
本属包括以下物种:
- Hippasa
- Hippa & Lehtinen, 1983
- Trebacosa Abaycosa Laborda, Bidegaray-Batist, Simó, Brescovit, Beloso & Piacentini, 2022
- 刺狼蛛属 Acantholycosa Dahl, 1908
- Adelocosa
- Mello-Leitão, 1944 Aglaoctenus
- Allocosa Roewer, 1960
- Anomalomma 熊蛛属 Roewer, 1960
- Artoriopsis Caporiaccosa
- Roewer, 1960 Edenticosa
- Framenau, 2006 Megarctosa
- Rabidosa Simon, 1910
- Oculicosa Roewer, 1960
- Roewer, 1960 Hippasella
- Caporiacco, 1948 Zyuzin, 1993
- Tricca Birabenia Roewer, 1960
- Donacosa 艾狼蛛属
- Mello-Leitão, 1944 Kochosa 獾狼蛛属
- Ocyale Lehtinen & Hippa, 1979
- Audouin, 1826 裂狼蛛属 Tristiculosa
- Evippa Framenau, Castanheira & Yoo, 2023
- Melecosa Schizocosa
- Simon, 1890 Arctosa
- 阿狼蛛属 Framenau, 2007 Mello-Leitão, 1941
- Deliriosa Alderweireldt & Jocqué, 1991
- Simon, 1882 Hippasosa
- Marusik, Omelko & Koponen, 2015 Chamberlin, 1916
- Trochosa 羊蛛属 Schizogyna
- Koch, 1847 Roewer, 1960
- Lobizon Ovia
- Chamberlin, 1904 博狼蛛属
- Caspicosa Kovblyuk, 2009
- Evippomma Piacentini & Grismado, 2009
- Melocosa Serratacosa
- Roewer, 1960 Paratrochosina Wang, Peng & Zhang, 2021
- Roewer, 1959 Hoggicosa
- Gertsch, 1937 Algidus
- Banks, 1900 舞蛛属 Amblyothele
- Koch, 1847 Artoria
- Bogdocosa Ponomarev, 2007
- Dorjulopirata
- Roewer, 1960 Loculla
- Pardosa Hippa & Lehtinen, 1983
- Koch, 1847 西伯蛛属 Tuberculosa
- Foveosa 穴狼蛛属 Simon, 1910
- Minicosa Sibirocosa
- Framenau & Yoo, 2006 Ponomarev & Belosludtsev, 2008
- Bogdocosa kronebergi (Andreeva, 1976)
- Diahogna Buchar, 1997 Russell-Smith, Alderweireldt & Jocqué, 2007
- Hogna 狼蛛属 Alderweireldt & Jocqué, 2007
- Caporiacco, 1939 Varacosa
- Sinacosa Chamberlin & Ivie, 1942
- Simon, 1885 Lycosa
- Passiena
- Anomalosa
- Thorell, 1877 Aulonia
- Costacosa Roewer, 1960
- Geolycosa Latreille, 1804
- Modosimus Sinartoria
- Hogg, 1900 Pavocosa Wang, Framenau & Zhang, 2021
- Montgomery, 1904 Hognoides
- Simon, 1893 Roewer, 1960
- 索蛛属 Venatrix Brevilabus
- Framenau & Leung, 2013 Draposa
- Roewer, 1960 Lycosella
- Phonophilus Simon, 1888
- 脉狼蛛属 Ehrenberg, 1831
- Venonia Gertsch, 1973
- Adelocosa anops Gertsch, 1973 Agalenocosa
- Tullgren, 1905 Simon, 1898
- Algidus marmoratus Simon, 1898
- 异獾蛛属 Alopecosa Simon, 1910
- [[Roewer, 1960
- Anomalosa kochi (Simon, 1898)
- Anomalosa oz Framenau, 2006]] Arctosippa
- C.L.Koch, 1847 Strand, 1908
- Diapontia Kronestedt, 2010 Brady, 1986
- Hyaenosa Roewer, 1960
- Sundevall, 1833 Vesubia
- 獾蛛属 Logunov, 2010
- Tapetosa Simon, 1909 华阿狼蛛属
- Caporiacco, 1940 Lycosula
- 蒙狼蛛属 Piratosa Framenau, 2009
- Tapetosa darwini Framenau, Main, Harvey & Waldock, 2009
- 哇蒂蛛属 Simon, 1900 Sosippus
- Zoica 佐卡蛛属 Satta
- Crocodilosa Keyserling, 1876
- Gnatholycosa 潮狼蛛属
- Roewer, 1954 Mongolicosa 小水狼蛛属
- Tarentula Zyuzin, 1985,娲蛛属 Nukuhiva
- Tropicosa
- Piratula Sundevall, 1833 旱狼蛛属
- Dahl, 1908 Mello-Leitão, 1940 Hygrolycosa
- 亚狼蛛属 Marusik, Azarkina & Koponen, 2004 Roewer, 1960
- Xerolycosa Wadicosa
- Roewer, 1955 Artoriellula
- Bristowiella Caporiacco, 1947
- Dryadia
- Dahl, 1908 Lysania 鼬狼蛛属
- Piratula Roewer, 1959[3]
- Tasmanicosa fulgor Framenau & Baehr, 2016
- Tasmanicosa gilberta (Hogg, 1906)
- Tasmanicosa godeffroyi (L.Koch, 1865)
- Tasmanicosa harmsi Framenau & Baehr, 2016
- Tasmanicosa hughjackmani Framenau & Baehr, 2016
- Tasmanicosa kochorum Framenau & Baehr, 2016
- Tasmanicosa leuckartii (Thorell, 1870)
- Tasmanicosa musgravei (McKay, 1974)
- Tasmanicosa phyllis (Hogg, 1906)
- Tasmanicosa ramosa (L.Koch, 1877)
- Tasmanicosa salmo Framenau & Baehr, 2016
- Tasmanicosa semicincta (L.Koch, 1877)
- Tasmanicosa stella Framenau & Baehr, 2016
- Tasmanicosa subrufa (Karsch, 1878) 宝狼蛛属
- Thorell, 1894 Roewer, 1960 Venator
- Paredes-Munguia, Brescovit & Teixeira, 2023 Sundevall, 1833
- Zantheres Trochosippa
- Gulocosa Thorell, 1890
- Mustelicosa Tessarops
- Thorell, 1887 Tricassa
- Dondale & Redner, 1981
- Saaristo, 1980 Dingosa
- Zhang, Sun & Zhang, 1994 Marusik, Omelko & Koponen, 2015 Kangarosa
- Roewer, 1960 Framenau, 2017
- Portacosa cinerea Framenau, 2017[2]
- Zenonina Sankaran, Malamel & Sebastian, 2017
- Simon, 1876 Purcell, 1903
- Tetralycosa
- Simon, 1898 Trabaea 盐狼蛛属
- Framenau, 2010 Mainosa
- 奇蛛属 Allotrochosina Simon, 1885
- Anoteropsis
- Roewer, 1960 Auloniella
- Cynosa Roewer, 1955
- Halocosa Framenau, 2006
- Navira Tigrosa
- Simon, 1898
- Roewer, 1960 Rafinesque, 1821 Tasmanicosa
- Prolycosides Brady, 2012
- Syroloma Azarkina & Trilikauskas, 2019 Karakumosa
- Piacentini & Grismado, 2009 Mello-Leitão, 1942
- Zyuzicosa Marusik, Azarkina & Koponen, 2004
- Shapna 锯狼蛛属
- Chamberlin, 1904 Camptocosa Caporiacco, 1933
- Dzhungarocosa
- Logunov & Ponomarev, 2020 Malimbosa
- Pseudevippa Roewer, 1960
- Marusik, Azarina & Koponen, 2004 Pyrenocosa Marusik, Azarkina & Koponen, 2004
- Berland, 1935 Roewer, 1960 Simon, 1910
- Pterartoria
- Hesperocosa Roewer, 1960
- Notocosa Trabea
- Proevippa Portacosa L.Koch, 1878
- Arctosomma Roewer, 1960
- Dondale, Jiménez & Nieto, 2005 Dolocosa
- Fomichev & Marusik, 2017 Gertsch & Wallace, 1937 Katableps
- Vink, 2002 Purcell, 1903
- Pirata 水狼蛛属
- Thorell, 1890 Pardosella
- 豹蛛属 Trabeops
- Orinocosa 迅蛛属 马蛛属
- Jocqué, Russell-Smith & Alderweireldt, 2011 Margonia
- Pyrenecosa Roewer, 1959
- Trabeops aurantiacus (Emerton, 1885) Molitorosa
- Thorell, 1890 Knoelle
- 土狼蛛属 Simon, 1885
- Dejerosa Roewer, 1960 Gladicosa
图片[编辑]
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一只正保护其卵的狼蛛
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狼蛛及其巢穴
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雌性狼蛛及其卵
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Arctosa sp.
Module:Taxonbar第160行Lua错误:attempt to index field 'wikibase' (a nil value)
- ^ 太驚人!墨西哥塔可餅「夾狼蛛」 顧客讚:味道像螃蟹. [2018-07-12]. (原始内容存档于2021-10-19).
- ^ Volker W. Framenau. 2017. Portacosa, A New Genus for the south-east Australian Grey Wolf Spider (Araneae, Lycosidae, Lycosinae). Evolutionary Systematics. 1: 77-86. DOI: 10.3897/evolsyst.1.14847
- ^ Framenau, Volker W. and Barbara C. Baehr. 2016. Revision of the Australian Union-Jack Wolf Spiders, Genus Tasmanicosa (Araneae, Lycosidae, Lycosinae). Zootaxa. 4213(1); 1–82. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4213.1.1