煙草屬
（重新導向自Nicotiana）
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| 科學分類 編輯 | |
| 種 | |
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煙草屬（學名：Nicotiana，依學名譯作尼科屬），又名炮仔草屬[1]， 是茄科一年生草本植物。煙草屬大約有60多種，但真正用於製造卷煙和煙絲的，基本只有煙草（Nicotiana tabacum），此外還有少部分用黃花煙草（Nicotiana rustica），其他品種很少用，所以日常生活提及的煙草，多數指這兩個物種。
詞源[編輯]
煙草屬的屬名Nicotiana（尼古丁一詞即源於此屬）是為了紀念法國駐葡萄牙大使讓·尼科（Jean Nicot）而命名的，他在1559年將樣品作為藥物送往嘉芙蓮·德·美第奇的宮廷。[2]
物種[編輯]
本屬包括以下物種：[3]
- [[Domin[4]]] Nicotiana bonariensis
- [[Symon[4]]] Nicotiana cavicola
- [[A. Gray[4]]] Nicotiana cordifolia
- [[J. Rémy[4]]] Nicotiana cutleri
- [[Domin[4]]] Nicotiana excelsior
- [[H.-M. Wheeler[4]]] Hemsl.[4]
- Nicotiana glauca L.[4]
- Nicotiana hesperis Kenneally & Symon[4]
- Nicotiana kawakamii Goodsp.[4]
- Nicotiana longibracteata Cav.[4]
- Nicotiana miersii Stehmann & Samir[4] Hook.[4]
- Nicotiana obtusifolia J. Rémy[4]
- Nicotiana quadrivalvis L.[4]
- Nicotiana solanifolia Speg. & Comes[4]
- Nicotiana tomentosa H.-M. Wheeler[4]
- 無莖煙草 Nicotiana acaulis
- [[M. Martens & Galeotti[4]]] Nicotiana palmeri
- [[Pursh[4]]] Nicotiana rosulata
- [[Speg.[4]]] Nicotiana stocktonii 煙草
- [[Ruiz & Pav.[4]]] Nicotiana umbratica
- Nicotiana gandarela
- [[Graham[4]]] Nicotiana acuminata Nicotiana gossei
- [[N. T. Burb.[4]]] (Graham) Hook.[4]
- [[Y. Ohashi[4]]] Nicotiana linearis
- Nicotiana megalosiphon
- [[J. Rémy[4]]] Nicotiana africana Nicotiana nudicaulis
- [[Merxm.[4]]] A. Gray[4] 花煙草
- Nicotiana alata Nicotiana setchellii
- [[Link & Otto[4]]] Brandegee[4]
- Nicotiana ameghinoi Nicotiana wigandioides
- [[Speg.[4]]] Nicotiana amplexicaulis
- [[N. T. Burb.[4]]] Nicotiana arentsii
- [[Goodsp.[4]]] Nicotiana attenuata
- [[Torrey ex S. Watson[4]]] Nicotiana azambujae
- [[L. B. Smith & Downs[4]]] Nicotiana benavidesii
- [[Goodsp.[4]]] Nicotiana benthamiana
- Lehm.[4] Nicotiana burbidgeae
- N. T. Burb.[4] Nicotiana clevelandii
- [[Phil.[4]]] Nicotiana corymbosa
- [[D'Arcy[4]]] Nicotiana debneyi
- [[(J. M. Black) J. M. Black[4]|(J. M. Black) J. M. Black[4]]] Nicotiana exigua
- Nicotiana fragrans Augsten & Stehmann[5]
- Nicotiana goodspeedii Domin[4]
- Nicotiana ingulba M.W.Chase & Christenh.[6]
- Nicotiana langsdorffii Phil.[4]
- 長花煙草 Nicotiana maritima Van Huerck & Müll. Arg.[4]
- Nicotiana nesophila
- [[Griseb.[4]]] Nicotiana paniculata 皺葉煙草
- [[J. F. Macbr.[4]]] Nicotiana rotundifolia
- [[Millán[4]]] Nicotiana suaveolens
- [[Goodsp.[4]]] Nicotiana undulata
- [[H.-M. Wheeler[4]]] Koch & Fintelm.[4]
- Nicotiana velutina Nicotiana rustica
- N. T. Burb.[4] D. E. Symon[4]
- [[Goodsp.[4]]] Walp.[4] Nicotiana tomentosiformis
- Nicotiana sylvestris
- [[L.[4]]] Nicotiana tabacum I. M. Johnston[4]
- Nicotiana occidentalis L.[4]
- Nicotiana plumbaginifolia 白花煙 Lindl.[4]
- Nicotiana simulans Lehm.[4]
- Nicotiana thrysiflora Ruiz & Pav.[4]
- Nicotiana wuttkei Nicotiana spegazzinii
- Nicotiana forgetiana Hooker[4] 光煙草
- Nicotiana glutinosa H.-M. Wheeler[4]
- Nicotiana heterantha J. M. Black[4]
- Nicotiana knightiana Weinm.[4]
- Nicotiana longiflora H.-M. Wheeler[4]
- Nicotiana mutabilis H.-M. Wheeler[4]
- Nicotiana paa Viv.[4]
- Nicotiana repanda 黃花煙草 N. T. Burb.[4]
- Nicotiana stenocarpa 林煙草 Bitter ex Goodsp.[4]
- Nicotiana truncata Clarkson & Symon[4]
- [[(S. Moore) Domin[4]]] Willd.[4] Nicotiana raimondii
- [[(Griseb.) Millán.[4]|(Griseb.) Millán.[4]]] Nicotiana petuniodes
- Nicotiana pauciflora Mart. Crov.[4]
- Nicotiana otophora
- [[S. Watson[4]]] Nicotiana noctiflora
- [[Phil.[4]]] Nicotiana insecticida
雜交種[編輯]
- Nicotiana × didepta N. debneyi × N. tabacum[7]
- Nicotiana × digluta N. glutinosa × N. tabacum[8]
- 皺葉煙草 Nicotiana × sanderae Hort. ex Wats. N. alata × N. forgetiana[7]
以前屬於這個屬[編輯]
- Petunia axillaris (Lam.) Britton et al. (現為N. axillaris Lam.)[9]
資料來源[編輯]
- ^ 長花煙草 Nicotiana longiflora Cav.. 臺灣物種名錄. 臺灣: 中央研究院生物多樣性研究中心. [2013-01-24] （中文（臺灣））.
- ^ Austin, Gregory. Chronology of Psychoactive Substance Use. Teachers College Columbia University. [2014-02-08]. （原始內容存檔於2011-08-09）.
- ^ Nicotiana L.. GBIF. [2022-11-05]. （原始內容存檔於2022-11-05）.
- ^ 4.00 4.01 4.02 4.03 4.04 4.05 4.06 4.07 4.08 4.09 4.10 4.11 4.12 4.13 4.14 4.15 4.16 4.17 4.18 4.19 4.20 4.21 4.22 4.23 4.24 4.25 4.26 4.27 4.28 4.29 4.30 4.31 4.32 4.33 4.34 4.35 4.36 4.37 4.38 4.39 4.40 4.41 4.42 4.43 4.44 4.45 4.46 4.47 4.48 4.49 4.50 4.51 4.52 4.53 4.54 4.55 4.56 4.57 4.58 4.59 4.60 4.61 4.62 4.63 4.64 4.65 4.66 4.67 4.68 4.69 4.70 4.71 4.72 4.73 4.74 4.75 Knapp et al. (2004) Nomenclatural changes and a new sectional classification in Nicotiana (Solanaceae) Taxon. 53(1):73-82.
- ^ Mariana Augsten, Pablo Burkowski Meyer, Loreta B. Freitas, João A. N. Batista and João Renato Stehmann. 2022. Nicotiana gandarela (Solanaceae), A New Species of 『Tobacco』 highly Endangered from the Quadrilátero Ferrífero in Brazil. PhytoKeys. 190: 113-129. DOI: 10.3897/phytokeys.190.76111
- ^ Mark W. Chase and Maarten J. M. Christenhusz. 2021. 994. NICOTIANA INSECTICIDA: Solanaceae. Curtis's Botanical Magazine. DOI: 10.1111/curt.12402
- ^ 7.0 7.1 Ann Bot (2003) 92 (1): 107-127. doi:10.1093/aob/mcg087
- ^ Clausen, R.E. (1928) Interspecific hybridization in Nicotiana. VII. The cytology of hybrids of the synthetic species, digluta, with its parents, glutinosa and tabacum. Univ. Cal. Pub. Botany. 11(10):177-211.
- ^ GRIN Species Records of Nicotiana. Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. [2010-11-30]. （原始內容存檔於2015-09-24）.
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