番紅花屬
（重定向自Crocus）
| 番紅花屬File:Infobox info icon2.svg | |
|---|---|
| File:برداشت زعفران در روستای زالی عکس از احمد نیک گفتار.JPG | |
| Crocus sativus | |
| 科学分类 编辑 | |
| 界： | 植物界 Plantae |
| 演化支： | 维管植物 Tracheophyta |
| 演化支： | 被子植物 Angiosperms |
| 演化支： | 单子叶植物 Monocots |
| 目： | 天門冬目 Asparagales |
| 科： | 鳶尾科 Iridaceae |
| 亚科： | 番紅花亞科 Crocoideae |
| 属： | 番紅花屬 Crocus L., 1753 |
| 模式種 | |
| Crocus sativus L.
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| File:Crocus distribution map europe and asia.jpg | |
| Module:Wd第196行Lua错误：attempt to call field 'getGlobalSiteId' (a nil value) | |
| File:Crocus distribution map balkan and minor asia.jpg | |
| 其中16種番紅花的分佈範圍 | |
| 異名 | |
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番紅花屬（又称藏紅花）是鳶尾科的一个属，是一类多年生球根植物。原產於欧洲爱琴海岸及小亞細亞至中亞。花叶细长而状似松树叶子。全世界共有约80种番红花。
藏紅花精的来源为番红花（C. sativus）的干燥柱头，可入药。
下属物种[编辑]
本属包括以下物种：[1]
- Crocus abantensis
- Crocus adami Crocus aleppicus
- Crocus boissieri
- Crocus mouradi Whittall Crocus fibroannulatus
- Maw (Kernd. & Pasche) Kernd., Pasche & Harpke
- Rukšāns, 2014
- Crocus multicostatus Crocus arizelus
- Crocus filis-maculatis Crocus munzurense
- Kernd. & Pasche Kernd. & Pasche Crocus bolensis
- Crocus musagecitii Erol & Yildirim
- Crocus flavus Baker Kernd. & Pasche
- (Rukšāns) Rukšāns, 2014 Haw., 1812 Kernd. & Pasche
- Crocus naqabensis
- 希臘番紅花 Crocus flavus
- Crocus neapolitanus Weston (Ker Gawl.) Loisel.
- Crocus boryi
- Crocus neglectus Peruzzi & Carta Crocus fleischeri
- J.Gay J.Gay
- Yüzb. Crocus aerius
- Crocus armeniensis
- Crocus gargaricus Crocus nivalis
- Herb. Bory & Chaub. Crocus boulosii
- Crocus niveus Bowles
- Crocus geghartii Ruksans
- Greuter Sosn. V.Randjel. & Miljkovic
- Crocus nubigena
- Crocus gembosii 走莖番紅花
- Crocus nudiflorus Ruksans Crocus alexandri
- Crocus bowlesianus
- Crocus ochroleucus Boiss. & Gaill. Crocus georgei
- Kernd. & Pasche Ruksans
- Beck
- Crocus olivieri Crocus artvinensis
- Crocus gilanicus Crocus oreocreticus
- B.Mathew B.L.Burtt Crocus brachyfilus
- 多芽番紅花 Crocus oreogenus J.Gay
- Herb. Nicic ex Velen. (J.Philippow) Grossh.
- I.Schneid. Turrill Karampl. & Constantin.
- Crocus pallasii
- Crocus grandiflorus
- Crocus pamphylicus Raf. (B.Mathew) Ruksans
- Crocus brickellii
- Crocus paschei Kernd. Crocus graveolens
- Rukšāns, 2014 Boiss. & Reut.
- Pulevic
- Crocus asumaniae
- Crocus gunae Crocus penicillatus
- Ruksans Steud., 1840 Crocus bulbocodium
- Crocus persicus Hausskn.
- Crocus guneri B.Mathew & T.Baytop
- Pall., 1808 (Yüzb.) Ruksans Boiss.
- 網皮番紅花 Crocus polyanthus
- Crocus hadriaticus
- Crocus ponticus Crocus almehensis
- Crocus caelestis
- Crocus pseudonubigena (B.Mathew) Kernd., Pasche & Harpke Crocus hakkariensis
- 可愛番紅花 (Kernd. & Pasche) Kernd., Pasche & Harpke (B.Mathew) Ruksans
- Herb.
- Crocus pulchricolor Crocus asymmetricus
- Crocus hartmannianus Crocus pumilus
- Holmboe (Rukšāns) Rukšāns, 2014 Crocus calanthus
- Crocus punctatus (B.Mathew) Kernd., Pasche & Harpke
- Crocus harveyi C.D.Brickell & B.Mathew Erol, 2020
- Kernd. & Pasche Ruksans Ruksans
- Crocus randjeloviciorum
- Crocus hatayensis
- Crocus rechingeri Ruksans Kernd. & Pasche
- Crocus cambessedesii
- Crocus reinhardii Ruksans Crocus haussknechtii
- J.Gay (Boiss. & Reut. ex Maw) Boiss.
- Steven ex Adam Crocus abracteolus
- Crocus akdagensis 黃金堆番紅花 Crocus athous
- Crocus heilbronniorum
- Crocus robertianus Erol C.D.Brickell
- Crocus cambessedianus Crocus romuleoides
- Kernd. & Pasche Crocus hellenicus
- Bornm. Herb., 1845 (Rukšāns) Rukšāns, 2014
- Kernd. & Pasche
- Crocus rujanensis Crocus henrikii
- Crocus ruksansii Rukšāns, 2014
- Crocus ancyrensis Crocus cancellatus
- Crocus sakaltutanensis Ruksans
- Crocus hermoneus Herb.
- Kotschy ex Maw (Rukšāns) Rukšāns, 2014
- Crocus salurdagensis Crocus atrospermus
- Crocus heuffelianus
- Crocus salzmannii Herb. J.Gay
- Crocus candidus Crocus sanandajensis
- Kernd. & Pasche Kernd. & Pasche (Herb.) Maw
- (Kernd. & Pasche) Kernd. & Pasche E.D.Clarke T.Baytop & B.Mathew
- (Rukšāns) Rukšāns, 2017
- Crocus sativus Crocus hyemalis
- 番红花 Crocus sativus Boiss. & Blanche
- L. Crocus cappadocicus
- Crocus sativus Mill., 1768
- Crocus ibrahimii (B.Mathew) Ruksans
- (Rukšāns) Rukšāns, 2014 Ten.
- Crocus atticus
- Crocus ilgazensis
- Crocus scharojanii (B.Mathew) Ruksans Rupr.
- Crocus caricus Crocus schneideri
- Kernd. & Pasche Crocus ilvensis
- (Boiss. & Orph.) Orph. (Kernd. & Pasche) Kernd., Pasche & Harpke Peruzzi & Carta
- Ruksans 傑格番紅花
- Crocus serotinus Crocus imperati
- Crocus adamioides
- Crocus angustifolius Crocus carpetanus
- Crocus siculus Tineo ex Guss., 1832
- Crocus imperati 西柏番紅花 Boiss. & Reut.
- Ten. J.Gay
- Crocus sieheanus Crocus autranii
- 卡萊番紅花 Crocus incognitus
- Crocus simavensis Kernd. & Pasche Kernd. & Pasche
- Crocus cartwrightianus Crocus sipyleus
- (F.Candan & Özhatay) Ruksans Crocus incompletus Weston
- Albov Herb. J.A.Richt.
- Kernd. & Pasche
- Crocus sozenii Crocus inghamii
- 美麗番紅花 Crocus speciosus Ruksans
- Griseb., 1846 Crocus caspius
- Crocus speciosus M.Bieb.
- Crocus ionopharynx Fisch. & C.A.Mey.
- (Kernd. & Pasche) Kernd., Pasche & Harpke Rochel
- Crocus akkayaensis Crocus autumnalis
- Crocus iranicus
- Crocus straussii Ruksans Hausskn.
- Crocus caspius Crocus striatulus
- Kernd. & Pasche Crocus isauricus
- Ker Gawl., 1827 Fisch. & C.A.Mey. ex Hohen. Siehe ex Bowles
- Papan. & Zacharof
- Crocus suaveolens 黃金番紅花 Crocus istanbulensis
- Crocus susianus (B.Mathew) Ruksans
- Crocus angustifolius x flavus Crocus chrysanthus
- Crocus suwarowianus K.Koch, 1848
- Crocus jablanicensis (Herb.) Herb.
- Randjel. & V.Randjel. K.Koch
- Crocus tahtaliensis Crocus autumnalis
- Crocus janthinus
- Crocus taseliensis Weston Kernd. & Pasche
- Crocus clusii T.Baytop & B.Mathew
- Kernd. & Pasche Kernd. & Pasche Kernd. & Pasche
- Mill. J.Gay
- Kernd. & Pasche (Trautv.) Puring
- Crocus terzioghlui
- Crocus karamanensis Crocus thirkeanus
- Kernd. & Pasche K.Koch
- Crocus coloreus Crocus thomasii
- Ten. Crocus karduchorum
- Kernd. & Pasche Kotschy ex Boiss., 1882 Yüzb. & Aslan
- 托氏番紅花
- Crocus autumnalis Crocus karduchorum
- Crocus tournefortii Kotschy ex Maw
- J.Gay Crocus concinnus
- Crocus tuna-ekimii Yüzb. Crocus kartaldagensis
- Vis. ex Steud., 1840 Kernd. & Pasche
- Kernd. & Pasche (B.Mathew) Ruksans
- Crocus uschakensis 科西加番紅花
- Crocus katrancensis Crocus vaclavii
- Crocus annulatus
- Crocus corsicus Crocus vallecola
- Herb., 1845 Crocus keltepensis
- Vanucchi ex Maw, 1878 Yüzb.[2] Herb.
- Crocus variegatus
- Crocus babadagensis Crocus kerndorffiorum
- Crocus veluchensis Pasche
- Herb. Crocus crestensis
- Crocus veneris Tapp. ex Poech Crocus kofudagensis
- Herb., 1841 Kernd. & Pasche Nyman, 1882
- Ruksans (L.) Hill,荷蘭番紅花
- Crocus versicolor
- Crocus korolkowii Crocus versicolor
- Maw & Regel KerGawl.
- Crocus crewei Crocus vitellinus
- Wahlenb. Crocus kosaninii
- Hook.f. Pulevic (B.Mathew) B.Mathew
- Crocus alatavicus
- Crocus balansae Crocus kotschyanus
- Crocus xantholaimos Boiss., 1882
- (B.Mathew) Ruksans Crocus cristensis
- Crocus xanthosus Kernd. & Pasche Crocus kotschyanus
- J.Gay ex Maw Eugène
- K.Koch Yildirim & Erol
- Crocus yalovensis 南斯拉夫番紅花
- Crocus kurdistanicus Crocus yaseminiae
- (Maroofi & Assadi) Rukšāns, 2014 Crocus antalyensioides 羅馬尼亞番紅花
- Crocus cvijicii 光皮番紅花 Crocus yataganensis
- (Kernd. & Pasche) Kernd., Pasche & Harpke Crocus laevigatus
- Kosanin Bory & Chaub. Ruksans & Zetterl.
- Crocus zagrosensis
- Crocus banaticus Crocus laevigatus
- Crocus zanjanensis Spruner ex Nyman, 1882
- Kernd. & Pasche Crocus cyprius
- Crocus zetterlundii Ruksans Regel & Semen.
- Ruksans J.Gay Boiss. & Kotschy
- Salisb. Kernd. & Pasche
- Crocus zonatus 達馬希亞番紅花
- Crocus lazicus Crocus zubovii
- Boiss. Ruksans 藍綠番紅花
- Crocus dalmaticus Crocus leichtlinii
- Vis. (Dewer) Bowles
- Crocus baytopiorum
- Crocus leucostylosus (Kernd. & Pasche) Kernd., Pasche & Harpke Crocus damascenus
- Crocus ligusticus B.Mathew
- Herb. Mariotti 香番紅花
- J.Gay, 1860
- Crocus longiflorus Crocus ziyaretensis
- Crocus adanensis Crocus antalyensis
- Crocus danfordiae
- Kernd. & Pasche
- Crocus longiflorus Crocus youngiorum
- Maw Rchb., 1832 Erol
- Ruksans Crocus yakarianus
- Crocus berytius
- Crocus lyciotauricus Hoppe & Fürnr. Crocus weldenii
- Kernd. & Pasche Crocus wattiorum
- Crocus danubensis
- Barcelo, 1881 Crocus vernus 春番紅花
- Crocus lycius B.Mathew Kernd. & Pasche
- Kernd., Pasche, Randjel. & V.Randjel. (B.Mathew) Ruksans
- Hoppe & Hornsch. Crocus vallicola
- Rukšāns, 2013
- Crocus lydius Rukšāns, 2014 Crocus turcicus
- Kernd. & Pasche Herb.
- Crocus demirizianus
- Crocus tommasinianus Crocus thracicus
- Crocus macedonicus Erol Crocus tauricus
- Erol & Can Rukšāns, 2013
- Maw Crocus tauri Crocus albocoronatus
- Crocus beydaglarensis
- Crocus malatyensis Kernd. & Pasche Crocus suworowianus
- Kernd. & Pasche Hayne ex Steud., 1840
- Crocus dilekyarensis 雪白番紅花 Bertol.
- Crocus stridii Crocus malyi
- Ruksans Kernd. & Pasche Ruksans
- Vis. Crocus stevensii Crocus speciosus
- Ruksans
- Crocus sivasensis Crocus marasensis
- Barr ex B.L.Burtt
- Kernd. & Pasche Crocus antherotes
- Crocus dispathaceus Crocus sieberi
- Tineo Crocus mathewii
- Crocus siculus Bert. Bowles
- Kernd. & Pasche Crocus seisumsiana
- Kosanin Crocus scardicus
- Crocus bifloriformis Crocus mawii
- Crocus sativus Biv. ex Steud., 1840
- Kernd. & Pasche Crocus sarichinarensis
- Crocus dubius
- Kernd. & Pasche T.Baytop & B.Mathew (Kernd.) Kernd., Pasche & Harpke
- Kernd. & Pasche Kernd. & Pasche E.H.L.Krause
- Herb. Crocus sakariensis
- Zubov Randjel. & D.A.Hill
- Crocus roseoviolaceus Crocus mediotauricus
- Ruksans Crocus rhodensis
- Kernd. & Pasche 雙花番紅花
- Crocus duncanii 法國番紅花 Crocus reticulatus
- Kernd., Pasche, Harpke & Raca Crocus medius
- Crocus puringii Ruksans
- (Herb.) Herb. ex Tchich.
- Crocus pulchellus
- Crocus biflorus Crocus melantherus
- Kernd. & Pasche Weston
- Boiss. & Orph. ex Maw Crocus pestalozzae
- Crocus duplex Kernd. & Pasche
- Crocus pelitensis Crocus pelistericus Crocus mersinensis
- Mill. Weston
- Kernd. & Pasche Goldb. Crocus orphei
- Kernd. & Pasche
- 義大利番紅花 Crocus michelsonii
- J.Gay Crocus officinalis 乳黃番紅花
- Crocus archibaldiorum
- Crocus etruscus Sm.
- Herb. Crocus novicii Crocus micranthus
- Amo & Campo Parl.
- Boiss. Crocus nevadensis Crocus nerimaniae
- 小番紅花 Al-Eisawi & Kiswani
- Crocus biflorus x Crocus chrysanthus Crocus minimus
- Crocus mysius
- DC. Kernd. & Pasche Crocus muglaensis
- Crocus fatuus
- Bornm. Herb. Crocus minimus
- (Rukšāns) Rukšāns, 2014 Medik.
- Redouté Kernd. & Pasche
- B.Fedtsch.
- Crocus mazziaricus Crocus minutus
- Raf. Crocus lagenaeflorus 黎巴嫩番紅花
- Kernd. & Pasche Crocus kangalensis
- Crocus fauseri Colla
- Crocus hittiticus Crocus moabiticus
- Crocus goulimyi 橙黃番紅花 Kernd. & Pasche
- 杂交种：
- Lam. Crocus ×asturicus Crocus ×submedius
- Herb. Crocus ×fritschii
- Derganc Crocus ×gotoburgensis
- D.Dubovik Crocus ×hybridus
- Crocus ×koritnicus Rukšāns
- Crocus ×paulineae Pasche & Kerndorff
- Crocus ×jessoppiae Randjel.
- Crocus ×nubigenoides R.Rolfe
- Crocus ×helenae Petrovic
- Bowles Crocus ×luteus
- Randjel. Randjel.
- Collins Crocus ×petrovicii
- Crocus ×leonidii
参考文献[编辑]
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