模板:Excerpt

File:Test Template Info-Icon - Version (2).svg 模板文档[查看] [编辑] [历史] [清除缓存]

这种模板用于在其他页面中重复使用部分页面。这种做法有以下优点:

• 通过避免必须多次更新的重复内容而减少维护工作。
• 通过鼓励编辑合并相关内容来提高内容质量，而不是在不同的开发阶段有多个版本。
• 通过引导贡献者到一个地方编辑来促进合作。

但它也具有以下缺点 :

• 因为您必须转到子文章才能对主要文章进行更改。
• 由于代码生成的问题，一篇文章的摘录格式不能完美地融入一篇新文章，存在段落丢失问题。
• 对子文章的更改不会出现在主文章的编辑监视列表中。

此模板扩展了内建的一般转用和带标签段落转用的功能。

用法

基本用法

• {{Excerpt|Page title}} — 转用导言部分 (范例)
• {{Excerpt|Page title|Section title}} — 转用特定段落，不包括任何子段落 (范例)

参数

• 1 或 article 或 page — 必填。 要转用的文章或页面的名称。预设情况下，转用的是导言部分 (范例)。如果页面包含资讯框，则资讯框中的图像和标题也会被转用（除非设置了 files=0）。另外，Module:Excerpt/config 中列出的模板将不会被转用（除非明确请求使用 |templates=，见下文）。
• 2 或 section 或 fragment — 要转用的段落名称 (范例) 或要转用的 <section> 标签 (范例)。在被转用的页面中，必须使用 <section begin=Name of the fragment/> 和 <section end=Name of the fragment/> 标记。请注意，此模板还提供其他方式来定位页面的特定片段，而不必使用段落标签。
• only — 要转用的元素。预设情况下，所有元素都会被转用（除了在 Module:Excerpt/config 中列入黑名单的模板）。
  • only=file — 仅转用第一个档案。
  • only=files — 仅转用档案。
  • only=list — 仅转用第一个清单。
  • only=lists — 仅转用清单。
  • only=table — 仅转用第一个表格。
  • only=tables — 仅转用表格 (范例)。
  • only=template — 仅转用第一个模板。
  • only=templates — 仅转用模板。
  • only=paragraph — 仅转用第一个段落。
  • only=paragraphs — 仅转用段落。
• paragraphs — 要转用的段落。预设情况下，所有段落都会被转用。
  • paragraphs=0 — 不转用任何段落。
  • paragraphs=1 — 转用第一个段落。
  • paragraphs=2 — 转用第二个段落。
  • paragraphs=1,3 — 转用第一个和第三个段落。
  • paragraphs=1-3 — 转用第一、第二及第三个段落。
  • paragraphs=1-3,5 — 转用第一、第二、第三及第五个段落。
  • paragraphs=-1 — 转用除了第一个以外的所有段落。
  • paragraphs=-2 — 转用除了第二个以外的所有段落。
  • paragraphs=-1,3 — 转用除了第一个和第三个以外的所有段落。
  • paragraphs=-1-3 — 转用除了第一、第二及第三个以外的所有段落。
  • paragraphs=-1-3,5 — 转用除了第一、第二、第三及第五个以外的所有段落。
• lists — 要转用的清单。预设情况下，所有清单都会被转用。语法与转用段落相同。
• files — 要转用的档案。预设情况下，所有档案都会被转用。语法与转用段落相同，但还包括：
  • files=A.jpg — 转用名为“A.jpg”的档案。
  • files=A.jpg, B.png, C.gif — 转用名为“A.jpg”、“B.png”及“C.gif”的档案。
  • files=.+%.png — 转用所有 PNG 档案。
  • files=-A.jpg — 转用除了名为“A.jpg”以外的所有档案。
  • files=-A.jpg, B.png, C.gif — 转用除了名为“A.jpg”、“B.png”及“C.gif”以外的所有档案。
  • files=-.+%.png — 转用所有非 PNG 档案。
• tables — 要转用的表格。预设情况下，所有表格都会被转用。语法与转用段落相同，但还包括：
  • tables=Stats2020 — 转用 id 为“Stats2020”的表格。
  • tables=Stats2020, Stats2019, Stats2018 — 转用 id 为“Stats2020”、“Stats2019”及“Stats2018”的表格。
  • tables=-Stats2020 — 转用除了 id 为“Stats2020”的表格以外的所有表格。
  • tables=-Stats2020, Stats2019, Stats2018 — 转用除了 id 为“Stats2020”、“Stats2019”及“Stats2018”的表格以外的所有表格。
• templates — 要转用的模板。预设情况下，所有模板都会被转用，除了在 Module:Excerpt/config 中列入黑名单的那些。若在以逗号分隔的模板列表前加上连字符，则会将这些模板加入黑名单。
  • templates=-Ocean — 将模板 {{Ocean}} 加入黑名单。
  • templates=-Ocean, Nature — 将模板 {{Ocean}} 及 {{Nature}} 加入黑名单。
  • templates=Infobox person — 忽略黑名单并转用模板 {{Infobox person}}。
  • templates=Infobox person, Ocean — 忽略黑名单并转用模板 {{Infobox person}} 及 {{Ocean}}。
  • templates=.* — 忽略黑名单并转用所有模板。
• this — 更改引言注释的初始文字。例如，如果转用的内容是图库，您可以设置 this=This gallery is，使得引言注释显示 "This gallery is an excerpt from..." (范例)。
• displaytitle — 更改引言注释中连结的文字。例如，添加斜体、下标等。
• hat=no — 隐藏顶注“这个部分摘自”。
• bold=yes — 保留 粗体 文字。
• links=no — 移除所有维基连结。
• quote=yes — 用 <blockquote> 标签包裹转用的内容。
• dd=yes — 以冒号列表（描述列表）的形式转用。预设只转用段落、无顶注。
• inline=yes — 移除转用内容周围的引言注释和 <div> 标签，以便嵌入其他文字中。
• onlyfreefiles=no — 允许转用非自由档案。
• briefdates=yes — 将出生和死亡资讯缩写为 (YYYY-YYYY) 格式。
• references=no — 移除所有参考文献。
• subsections=yes — 包含转用段落的子段落。请注意，如果从第 3 级段落进行转用，且被转用的子段落也是第 3 级，那么这些子段落将与转用段落显示相同的阶层，这可能不理想，因此请小心使用。
• noerror=yes，隐藏错误讯息

Replacing Template:Main

File:How to excerpt.webm

How to replace a section for an excerpt.

Sections are often summaries of more precise subpages (generally linked with Template:Main). Sometimes it's convenient to replace the content of such sections for excerpts of the subpages (after merging any valuable content of the section into the subpage). In such cases, an efficient way to proceed is:

1. Open the section in one tab and the subpage in another.
2. Edit both.
3. Copy the text of the section and paste it below the lead section of the subpage.
4. Delete repeated content and adjust using common sense.
5. Save the changes in the subpage with an edit summary like: Bring content from [[Page]].
6. Back to the section, delete all content and replace it for an excerpt of the subpage.
7. Save the changes in the section with an edit summary like: Move content to [[Subpage]] and leave an excerpt.

Refinement using inclusion control

更多信息：Help:模板 § <noinclude>、<includeonly>和<onlyinclude>

Sometimes, a passage will almost fit for a transclusion, but not quite. In these cases, you can edit the source page to add <noinclude>...</noinclude> tags around content you don't want in the excerpt and <includeonly>...</includeonly> tags around content you want only in the excerpt.

For instance, the page COVID-19 misinformation begins The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in misinformation.... However, when excerpting this lead to the misinformation section of COVID-19 pandemic, we don't need to specify which pandemic we're referring to. Therefore, the code The <noinclude>[[COVID-19 pandemic]]</noinclude><includeonly>pandemic</includeonly> has resulted in [[misinformation]] can be used at the misinformation page, so that it will appear at the pandemic page as The pandemic has resulted in misinformation....

For pages with a high volume of edits, it may be a good idea to leave a hidden comment explaining why the tags are there, so that no one will be tempted to remove them.

Please note that when the </noinclude> tag is wrapped into a new line, a character next to it would be interpreted as a line beginning. This can lead to some formatting problems. For example, when a </noinclude> at line beginning is succeeded by a whitespace character, the page engine would translate this as a leading space that renders the subsequent paragraph in code block and monospaced font with preserved formatting. For this reason, no spaces should separate the </noinclude> tag from the text it precedes.

Compared to #section

For simple cases of transcluding sections of articles, the {{#section}}, {{#section-x}}, and {{#section-h}} (abbreviated {{#lst}}, {{#lstx}}, and {{#lsth}})) parser functions can be used instead of this template. {{#lsth:article|fragmentname}} will transclude the section of "article" with the header "fragmentname", and {{#lsth:article}} will transclude the lead section of "article". Excerpting only specific paragraphs can be done by marking up the source article with <section begin=fragmentname/>...<section end=fragmentname/> tags and using {{#lst:article|fragmentname}} to transclude those fragments, which is equivalent to using the |fragment=fragmentname parameter with this template. {{#lsth:article|fragmentname}} can also be used to transclude everything but those fragments.

The text will not be trimmed of excess whitespace, there will not be a header (equivalent to |hat=no, and all files, templates, tables, references, and subsections will be included unless the source article is marked up with <section begin=fragmentname/>...<section end=fragmentname/>, <noinclude>...</noinclude>, or <onlyinclude>...</onlyinclude> tags. Self links will appear in bold.

Excerpt trees

File:Excerpt tree.png

Visual representation of an excerpt tree.

When a very general article uses excerpts from more specific articles, which in turn use excerpts from even more specific articles, then a tree structure emerges, called an "Excerpt tree".

Here you can navigate the main excerpt trees on the English Wikipedia. It's useful for editors interested in expanding or improving them. To navigate the trees, click the following button^(S):

https://arolstar52-zhtest.hf.space/index.php?title=Template:Excerpt&withJS=MediaWiki:ExcerptTree.js#Excerpt_trees

• January 6 United States Capitol attack
• Algae
• Africa
• Aquatic ecosystem
• Bangladesh
• Campanology
• Climate change in Africa
• Climate change in South Asia
• Climate justice
• COVID-19 pandemic
• Ecosystem
  • Aquatic ecosystem
• Effects of climate change on humans
• Environmental impact of agriculture
• Eutrophication
• Fishing industry
• Food
• God
  • Existence of God
• Hygiene
• List of carillons
• List of LGBT-related cases in the United States Supreme Court
• Marine debris
• Middle East
• Ocean
• Plastic pollution
• Public health
• Sanitation
• Sewage
• Sustainable Development Goals
• Tourism
• Wastewater treatment
• Water resources

See also

• Module:Excerpt
• Module:Excerpt/config
• Module:Transcluder
• Help:Transclusion#Drawbacks
• Category:Articles with excerpts, or Articles that link to "Template:Excerpt" (unsorted)
• Category:Articles with broken excerpts
• Help:Labeled section transclusion – A more efficient method for simple section transclusions
• Wikipedia:Transclusion#Selective transclusion – how to transclude one or more sections of an article or project page into another
• Wikipedia:Summary style#Synchronization
• Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Lead section
• Wikipedia:WikiProject Introductions
• {{Transcluded section}} – creates hatnote but does not transclude the section
  • Pages that link to "Template:Transcluded section" (articles) (unsorted)
• {{Transcluding article}} – transcludes one or more entire pages
  • Pages that link to "Template:Transcluding article" (articles) (unsorted)
• meta:Grants:Project/Rapid/Sophivorus/Excerpts - Grant to spread excerpts to various Wikipedias
• meta:Concise Wikipedia - Perennial new project proposal (see the comparison table at the bottom in particular)
• Single source of truth
• Excerpts: Modular and Reusable Content within Wikipedia - Video presentation about excerpts for Wikimania 2021
• {{Transclude lead excerpt}} and {{Transclude linked excerpt}} – templates designed for excerpt transclusion in portals

Template data

<templatedata> { "params": { "1": { "aliases": [ "article", "page" ], "label": "条目", "description": "要纳入的条目名或页面名", "example": "汉语", "type": "wiki-page-name", "required": true }, "2": { "aliases": [ "section", "fragment" ], "label": "章节", "description": "要纳入的章节名称或<section>标签", "example": "历史", "type": "string" }, "paragraphs": { "label": "段落", "description": "要纳入的段落", "example": "1-3,5", "type": "string", "aliases": [ "paragraph" ] }, "files": { "label": "文件", "description": "要纳入的文件", "example": "1-3,5", "type": "string", "default": "1", "aliases": [ "file" ] }, "subsections": { "label": "子章节", "description": "是否纳入所请求章节的子章节", "example": "yes", "type": "boolean", "aliases": [ "sections" ] }, "tables": { "label": "表格", "description": "要纳入的表格", "example": "Stats2020", "type": "string", "aliases": [ "table" ] }, "references": { "label": "参考文献", "description": "是否纳入参考文献", "example": "no", "type": "boolean" }, "only": { "label": "仅限", "description": "仅纳入指定的元素类型", "example": "table", "type": "string" }, "this": { "label": "顶注前提示", "description": "改变顶注前面的预设文字", "example": "此画廊的内容", "type": "string" }, "displaytitle": { "label": "显示标题", "description": "改变顶注中显示的连结名称", "type": "string" }, "class": { "label": "CSS类", "description": "额外CSS类", "example": "noprint", "type": "string" }, "hat": { "label": "顶注", "description": "是否包含页首注脚", "example": "no", "type": "boolean", "default": "yes" }, "bold": { "label": "粗体", "description": "是否保留文字粗体格式", "example": "no", "type": "boolean", "default": "yes" }, "links": { "label": "维基内链", "description": "是否保留内链格式", "example": "no", "type": "boolean", "default": "yes" }, "quote": { "label": "引用",

"description": "用

标签包覆此节选",

"example": "yes", "type": "boolean", "default": "no" }, "dd": { "label": "冒号列表", "description": "以冒号列表形式展示此节选", "example": "yes", "type": "boolean", "default": "no" }, "inline": { "label": "行内",

"description": "移除节选中的hatnote和

标签，便于放在其他文本之中",

"example": "yes", "type": "boolean", "default": "no" }, "lists": { "aliases": [ "list" ], "label": "列表", "description": "纳入的列表", "example": "1", "type": "string" }, "templates": { "aliases": [ "template" ], "label": "模板", "description": "纳入的模板", "example": "Infobox person", "type": "string" }, "onlyfreefiles": { "label": "仅自由文件", "description": "允许纳入非自由文件", "example": "yes", "type": "boolean", "default": "no" }, "briefdates": { "label": "日期简化", "description": "生卒信息简化为YYYY-YYYY格式", "example": "yes", "type": "boolean", "default": "no" }, "nohat": {} }, "description": "此模板用于在条目中嵌入指定的另一条目的特定内容。", "paramOrder": [ "1", "2", "only", "paragraphs", "files", "tables", "lists", "templates", "references", "subsections", "hat", "bold", "links", "quote", "dd", "this", "displaytitle", "inline", "onlyfreefiles", "briefdates", "class", "nohat" ] } </templatedata>

上述文档嵌入自Template:Excerpt/doc。（编辑 | 历史）
编者可以在本模板的沙盒（创建 | 镜像）和测试样例（编辑）页面进行实验。
请在/doc子页面中添加分类。本模板的子页面。