imported>InternetArchiveBot：补救19个来源，并将0个来源标记为失效。) #IABot (v2.0.8.7

2022-05-19T01:23:35Z

补救19个来源，并将0个来源标记为失效。) #IABot (v2.0.8.7

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{{NoteTA
|G1=IT
}}
{{校对翻译}}
{{Infobox file format
| name = XLIFF
| logo =
| icon =
| iconcaption =
| screenshot =
| caption =
| extension = .xlf
| mime = 2.0前：application/x-xliff+xml，2.0及之后：application/xliff+xml
| type code =
| uniform type =
| conforms to =
| magic =
| owner =
| released = 
| latest release version = 2.0<ref name=current>{{Cite web |url=http://docs.oasis-open.org/xliff/xliff-core/v2.0/xliff-core-v2.0.html |title=OASIS XLIFF 2.0 specifications |access-date=2017-11-24 |archive-date=2022-04-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220420004033/http://docs.oasis-open.org/xliff/xliff-core/v2.0/xliff-core-v2.0.html }}</ref>
| latest release date = {{Start date and age|2014|08|05|df=yes}}
| genre =
| container for =
| contained by =
| extended from = [[XML]]
| extended to =
| standard =
| free =
| url =
}}

'''XLIFF'''（'''XML Localisation Interchange File Format'''，即XML本地化交换文件格式）是一种基于[[XML]]的交换格式，旨在标准化[[国际化与本地化|本地化]]过程中在工具之间传递可本地化数据的方式，是[[電腦輔助翻譯|CAT工具]]中常用的一种文件格式。XLIFF由[[結構化資訊標準促進組織]]（OASIS）于2002年[[标准化]]，目前规范为2014年8月5日发布的v2.0。<ref name=current />

该规范针对本地化行业，规范了用何种元素和属性存储从各种原始文件格式中提取的内容与相应翻译。其目标是[[抽象化]]本地化技能，使人们从[[HTML]]等特定格式的相关工程技术中抽身。<ref>{{cite book|author=Bert Esselink|url=http://isg.urv.es/library/papers/Esselink_Evolution.pdf|title=The Evolution of Localization|series=Guide to Localization|publisher=Multilingual Computing and Technology|year=2003|quote=Does the popularity of XLIFF signal a trend? Throughout the 1990s, the localization industry tried to turn translators into semi-engineers. Is it now expecting them to just translate again? It certainly looks that way.|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120907235057/http://isg.urv.es/library/papers/Esselink_Evolution.pdf|archivedate=2012-09-07|access-date=2017-11-13}}</ref>

XLIFF格式是“开放架构”的XML创作与本地化（{{le|OAXAL}}）参考架构的一部分。

== 描述 (XLIFF 1.2) ==

一份XLIFF 1.2<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://docs.oasis-open.org/xliff/xliff-core/xliff-core.html |title=OASIS XLIFF 1.2 specification |access-date=2017-11-24 |archive-date=2022-04-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220425024458/http://docs.oasis-open.org/xliff/xliff-core/xliff-core.html }}</ref>文档由一个或多个<code><file></code>元素组成。每个<code><file></code>元素对应一个原始文件或来源（例如数据库表）。<code><file></code>包含可本地化数据的源数据，并且每个区域只有一份的本地化数据。

本地化数据存储在<code><trans-unit></code>元素里。<code><trans-unit></code>元素有一个<code><source></code>元素来存储源文本，并有一个<code><target></code>元素存储最新的已翻译文本。<code><target></code>元素非强制性。

<syntaxhighlight lang="xml">
<trans-unit id="1">
<source xml:lang="en">Cannot find the file.</source>
<target xml:lang="fr">Fichier non trouvé.</target>
</trans-unit>
</syntaxhighlight>

下面的例子展示一个XLIFF文档，它存储了从[[Photoshop]]文件（PSD文件）提取的文本，以及[[日文]]译文。

<syntaxhighlight lang="xml">
<xliff version="1.2">
<file original="Graphic Example.psd"
source-language="en-US" target-language="ja-JP"
tool="Rainbow" datatype="photoshop">
<header>
<skl>
<external-file uid="3BB236513BB24732" href="Graphic Example.psd.skl"/>
</skl>
<phase-group>
<phase phase-name="extract" process-name="extraction"
tool="Rainbow" date="20010926T152258Z"
company-name="NeverLand Inc." job-id="123"
contact-name="Peter Pan" contact-email="ppan@example.com">
<note>Make sure to use the glossary I sent you yesterday.
Thanks.</note>
</phase>
</phase-group>
</header>
<body>
<trans-unit id="1" maxbytes="14">
<source xml:lang="en-US">Quetzal</source>
<target xml:lang="ja-JP">Quetzal</target>
</trans-unit>
<trans-unit id="3" maxbytes="114">
<source xml:lang="en-US">An application to manipulate and
process XLIFF documents</source>
<target xml:lang="ja-JP">XLIFF 文書を編集、または処理
するアプリケーションです。</target>
</trans-unit>
<trans-unit id="4" maxbytes="36">
<source xml:lang="en-US">XLIFF Data Manager</source>
<target xml:lang="ja-JP">XLIFF データ・マネージャ</target>
</trans-unit>
</body>
</file>
</xliff>
</syntaxhighlight>

== XLIFF 2.0 ==

2014年5月6日，XLIFF 2.0规范转移到<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://lists.oasis-open.org/archives/xliff-comment/201405/msg00000.html |title=60-day Public Review for XLIFF Version 2.0 Candidate OASIS Standard announcement |access-date=2017-11-24 |archive-date=2021-03-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210314175230/https://lists.oasis-open.org/archives/xliff-comment/201405/msg00000.html }}</ref>OASIS标准候选。<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://docs.oasis-open.org/xliff/xliff-core/v2.0/cos01/xliff-core-v2.0-cos01.html |title=Candidate OASIS Standard 01 |access-date=2017-11-24 |archive-date=2021-05-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210514012706/https://docs.oasis-open.org/xliff/xliff-core/v2.0/cos01/xliff-core-v2.0-cos01.html }}</ref>

2014年8月6日，XLIFF 2.0规范成为OASIS标准<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.oasis-open.org/news/announcements/xliff-version-2-0-becomes-an-oasis-standard |title=Announcement of XLIFF 2.0 becoming an OASIS Standard |access-date=2017-11-24 |archive-date=2018-04-09 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180409233751/https://www.oasis-open.org/news/announcements/xliff-version-2-0-becomes-an-oasis-standard }}</ref>

XLIFF 2.0文档示例：

<syntaxhighlight lang="xml">
<xliff xmlns="urn:oasis:names:tc:xliff:document:2.0" version="2.0"
srcLang="en-US" trgLang="ja-JP">
<file id="f1" original="Graphic Example.psd">
<skeleton href="Graphic Example.psd.skl"/>
<unit id="1">
<segment>
<source>Quetzal</source>
<target>Quetzal</target>
</segment>
</unit>
<unit id="2">
<segment>
<source>An application to manipulate and process XLIFF documents</source>
<target>XLIFF 文書を編集、または処理するアプリケーションです。</target>
</segment>
</unit>
<unit id="3">
<segment>
<source>XLIFF Data Manager</source>
<target>XLIFF データ・マネージャ</target>
</segment>
</unit>
</file>
</xliff>
</syntaxhighlight>

== 相关工具 ==

=== 文件操作和检查工具 ===
* [[Okapi Framework]]：提供了多个生成XLIFF文档的过滤器<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.opentag.com/okapi/wiki/index.php?title=Filters |title=Okapi filters |access-date=2017-11-13 |archive-date=2016-05-01 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160501222603/http://www.opentag.com/okapi/wiki/index.php?title=Filters }}</ref>以及使用XLIFF的各种组件。<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.opentag.com/okapi/wiki/index.php?title=Category:XLIFF |title=Okapi components using XLIFF |access-date=2017-11-13 |archive-date=2015-09-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150907094004/http://www.opentag.com/okapi/wiki/index.php?title=Category:XLIFF }}</ref>
* [[Translate Toolkit]]：可将多种文件格式转换为XLIFF，并提供该格式的检查、过滤和操作工具。
* [http://www.maxprograms.com/products/xliffchecker.html XLIFFChecker] {{Wayback|url=http://www.maxprograms.com/products/xliffchecker.html |date=20190624174149 }}：一个开源的跨平台工具，用于验证XLIFF文件是否符合XML语法和规范。
* [http://www.softpedia.com/get/Office-tools/Other-Office-Tools/Xliff-to-HTML-Converter.shtml Xliff to HTML Converter] {{Wayback|url=http://www.softpedia.com/get/Office-tools/Other-Office-Tools/Xliff-to-HTML-Converter.shtml |date=20180710005651 }}：将XLIFF文件转换为HTML以便于校对。
* [http://bitbucket.org/okapiframework/xliff-toolkit Okapi XLIFF Toolkit] {{Wayback|url=http://bitbucket.org/okapiframework/xliff-toolkit |date=20160306164046 }}：一个开源库，用于创建、读取、操作、验证和编写XLIFF 2.0文档。
* [https://okapi-lynx.appspot.com/validation Okapi Lynx-Web page] {{Wayback|url=https://okapi-lynx.appspot.com/validation |date=20210509190103 }}：可用于在线验证XLIFF 2.0文档。

=== 编辑器 ===

{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! 名称 !! 操作系统 !! 免费 !! 描述
|-
| [http://cafetran.com/ CafeTran Espresso] {{Wayback|url=http://cafetran.com/ |date=20161010185803 }} || Windows、macOS、Linux || 限制记忆和词汇大小 ||
|-
| [https://www.matecat.com MateCat] {{Wayback|url=https://www.matecat.com/ |date=20220504105808 }} || Web || {{是}} || MateCat支持XLIFF文件作为输入与输出格式。输入文件支持SDLXLIFF
|-
| [[MemoQ]] || Windows || {{否}} || 使用MQXLIFF完成互操作性和多种XLIFF的支持
|-
| {{tsl|en|Memsource}} || Web、Windows、macOS、Linux || 限制2个文件 || MXLIFF是其原生格式
|-
| [[OmegaT]] (with [[OmegaT|Benten]]) || Windows、macOS、Linux || {{是}} || 跨平台和开源CAT工具
|-
| {{tsl|en|Pootle}} || Web || {{是}} || 基于Web的本地化平台
|-
| [[塔多思]] Studio || Windows || {{否}} || SDLXLIFF是其原生格式
|-
| {{tsl|en|SmartCAT}} || Web || {{是}} || 云翻译环境
|-
| {{tsl|en|Swordfish Translation Editor}} || Windows、macOS、Linux || {{否}} || 基于XLIFF的跨平台CAT工具
|-
| [[Transifex]] || Web || {{否}} ||
|-
| [http://www.star-ts.com/products/translation-memory-transit-nxt/ Transit NXT] {{Wayback|url=http://www.star-ts.com/products/translation-memory-transit-nxt/ |date=20170215100030 }} || Windows || {{否}} ||
|-
| {{tsl|en|Virtaal}} || Windows、macOS、Linux || {{是}} || 开源CAT工具
|-
| [[Weblate]] || Web || {{是}} || 基于Web的翻译工具
|-
| [[Wordfast]] || Windows、macOS || {{否}} ||
|-
|}

===程序库===
2015年11月11日，Microsoft XLIFF 2.0对象模型在[[GitHub]]上[[开源]]<ref>[https://blogs.technet.microsoft.com/terminology/2015/11/11/xliff-2-0-object-model-is-now-open-source-on-github/ XLIFF 2.0 Object Model is now Open Source on GitHub] {{Wayback|url=https://blogs.technet.microsoft.com/terminology/2015/11/11/xliff-2-0-object-model-is-now-open-source-on-github/ |date=20190503154331 }}, Microsoft Language Portal Blog</ref>，其是一个[[.NET]]库，可以用来构建本地化工具、平台和系统。

== 参见 ==
* {{tsl|en|Internationalization Tag Set|国际化标签集}}（ITS）
* {{tsl|en|Segmentation Rules eXchange|分段规则交换}}（SRX）
* {{tsl|en|TermBase eXchange}}（TBX）
* {{tsl|en|Translation Memory eXchange|翻译记忆交换}}（TMX）

== 参考资料 ==
{{reflist}}

== 外部链接 ==
* [http://www.oasis-open.org/committees/xliff/ OASIS XLIFF技术委员会网站] {{Wayback|url=http://www.oasis-open.org/committees/xliff/ |date=20220401032919 }}{{en}}
* XLIFF邮件列表：[http://lists.oasis-open.org/archives/xliff/ TC List] {{Wayback|url=http://lists.oasis-open.org/archives/xliff/ |date=20220128072345 }}, [http://lists.oasis-open.org/archives/xliff-comment/ Comments to TC List] {{Wayback|url=http://lists.oasis-open.org/archives/xliff-comment/ |date=20220121030320 }}, [http://lists.oasis-open.org/archives/xliff-users/ Users List] {{Wayback|url=http://lists.oasis-open.org/archives/xliff-users/ |date=20170320190034 }}
* [http://www.maxprograms.com/articles/xliff.html XML in localisation: Use XLIFF to translate documents] {{Wayback|url=http://www.maxprograms.com/articles/xliff.html |date=20090211172033 }}
* [http://multilingual.com/articles/201406-42/ An Introduction to XLIFF 2.0 (Multilingual article June-2014)] {{Wayback|url=http://multilingual.com/articles/201406-42/ |date=20160115000908 }}
* [https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/translator/mat.aspx Multilingual App Toolkit] {{Wayback|url=https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/translator/mat.aspx |date=20170424032940 }}（MAT），[[微软]]出品

[[Category:文件格式]]
[[Category:國際化與在地化]]
[[Category:基于XML的标准]]

XLIFF - 版本历史

imported>InternetArchiveBot：​补救19个来源，并将0个来源标记为失效。) #IABot (v2.0.8.7

imported>InternetArchiveBot：补救19个来源，并将0个来源标记为失效。) #IABot (v2.0.8.7