imported>Jonsinn：/* growthexperiments-addlink-summary-summary:2|0|0 */

2025-12-27T07:10:26Z

growthexperiments-addlink-summary-summary:2|0|0

新页面

{| class="wikitable"
|+UnrealIRCd
|原作者
|Carsten V. Munk (stskeeps)
|-
|开发者
|Bram Matthys (Syzop) and others
|-
|初次发布于
|May 1999; 22 years ago
|-
|稳定版本
|5.2.2 / 2021年10月3日
|-
|语言
|C
|-
|运行平台
|Linux, BSD, Mac OS X, Solaris, HP-UX, Windows
|-
|类型
|IRCd
|-
|协议
|GPLv2
|-
|官网
|www.unrealircd.org
|}
'''UnrealIRCd'''是一个[[开源软件|开源]][[IRC]][[守护进程]]，最初基于 DreamForge，可用于类 [[UNIX|Unix]] 操作系统和[[Microsoft Windows|Windows]] 。自1999 年 5 月 UnrealIRCd 开始开发以来添加和修改了许多新功能，包括高级安全功能和错误修复，现在是流行的服务进程。

== 开发历程 ==
UnrealIRCd 最初基于DALnet的DreamForge IRCd ，“一个被弃用的作为''[[巴哈姆特|Bahamut]] 服务器前身的服务器''。” <ref name="Piccard370">{{Cite book|last=Piccard|publisher=[[Syngress Publishing]]|archivedate=2014-07-12|ref=Piccard|accessdate=2011-09-10|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ZZU95ZdQ908C&pg=PA370|page=370 |isbn=978-1-59749-017-7|date=May 2005|edition=1st|first=Paul|title=Securing IM and P2P Applications for the Enterprise|last4=Sachs|first4=Marcus|last3=Spillman|first3=George|last2=Baskin|first2=Brian|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140712094952/http://books.google.com/books?id=ZZU95ZdQ908C&pg=PA370}}</ref>

2007 年 7 月 13 日，UnrealIRCd 项目的创始人<ref>{{Cite web|title=Stskeeps says goodbye|url=http://forums.unrealircd.com/viewtopic.php?t=5701|access-date=September 11, 2011|author=Munk|date=December 6, 2008|first=Carsten V. (stskeeps)|publisher=Unrealircd.com|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120402081521/http://forums.unrealircd.com/viewtopic.php?t=5701|archive-date=April 2, 2012}}</ref> <ref name="staff">{{Cite web|title=UnrealIRCd Staff/Contributors|url=http://www.unrealircd.com/staff.php|access-date=2009-09-10|publisher=UnrealIRCd.com|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100127173438/http://www.unrealircd.com/staff.php|archive-date=2010-01-27}}</ref>宣布未来的 v4.0 版本将是 InspIRCd 的一个分支。后来这个想法就打消了。 <ref>{{Cite web|title=UnrealIRCd Development & Future|url=http://forums.unrealircd.com/viewtopic.php?t=5709|access-date=2011-07-28|author=Bishop, Nathan (nate)|date=December 10, 2008|publisher=UnrealIRCd.com|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110728130938/http://forums.unrealircd.com/viewtopic.php?t=5709|archive-date=2011-07-28}}</ref>

随着 2012 年 12 月 3.2.10 版本的发布，UnrealIRCd 的现任项目负责人 Bram Matthys (Syzop) <ref name="staff">{{Cite web|title=UnrealIRCd Staff/Contributors|url=http://www.unrealircd.com/staff.php|access-date=2009-09-10|publisher=UnrealIRCd.com|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100127173438/http://www.unrealircd.com/staff.php|archive-date=2010-01-27}}</ref>宣布将开始开发 3.4 版本。 3.2 版本系列将一直保持直到新的稳定版本推出之前，这预计会在 2014 年完成。 <ref>{{Cite web|title=Unreal3.2.10 released & Unreal3.4 development|url=http://forums.unrealircd.org/viewtopic.php?t=8122|access-date=2012-12-25|author=Matthys, Bram (Syzop)|date=December 25, 2012|publisher=UnrealIRCd.org|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150330012609/https://forums.unrealircd.org/viewtopic.php?t=8122|archive-date=2015-03-30}}</ref> 2015 年 10 月，因进行了许多更改，新系列被命名为 UnrealIRCd 4，并作为第一个候选版本可供下载。 <ref>{{Cite web|title=UnrealIRCd 4.0.0-rc1 released|url=http://forums.unrealircd.org/viewtopic.php?t=8407|access-date=2015-10-11|author=Matthys, Bram (Syzop)|date=October 11, 2015|publisher=UnrealIRCd.org|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160313072434/https://forums.unrealircd.org/viewtopic.php?t=8407|archive-date=2016-03-13}}</ref> UnrealIRCd 4.0.0 稳定版于 2015 年 12 月 24 日发布。 <ref name="unreal400">{{Cite web|title=UnrealIRCd 4.0.17 released|url=https://forums.unrealircd.org/viewtopic.php?f=1&t=8775|access-date=Apr 15, 2018|date=Dec 23, 2017|work=UnrealIRCd|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180416013110/https://forums.unrealircd.org/viewtopic.php?f=1&t=8775|archive-date=April 16, 2018}}</ref>之后的稳定系列版本于 2019 年 12 月 13 日首次发布。 <ref name="unreal500">{{Cite web|title=UnrealIRCd 5.0.0 released - UnrealIRCd Forums|url=https://forums.unrealircd.org/viewtopic.php?f=1&t=8947|access-date=Aug 18, 2020|date=Dec 13, 2019|work=UnrealIRCd|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200806221036/https://forums.unrealircd.org/viewtopic.php?f=1&t=8947|archive-date=August 6, 2020}}</ref>

== 功能要点 ==
UnrealIRCd 的某些功能被称为是“非标准的”， <ref name="Piccard370">{{Cite book|last=Piccard|publisher=[[Syngress Publishing]]|archivedate=2014-07-12|ref=Piccard|accessdate=2011-09-10|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ZZU95ZdQ908C&pg=PA370|page=370 |isbn=978-1-59749-017-7|date=May 2005|edition=1st|first=Paul|title=Securing IM and P2P Applications for the Enterprise|last4=Sachs|first4=Marcus|last3=Spillman|first3=George|last2=Baskin|first2=Brian|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140712094952/http://books.google.com/books?id=ZZU95ZdQ908C&pg=PA370}}</ref> ，因为它们没有被列在与 IRC 相关的 RFCs 1459 和 2811-2813， <ref>[[UnrealIRCd#Piccard|Piccard et. al., p. 402]]</ref>但“从安全的角度来看”是有益的。 <ref name="Piccard370" />该软件“可能在所有 IRC 服务器中拥有最多的安全功能”，包括“垃圾邮件过滤器、多种用户封禁、各种能够防止滥用的频道模式、SSL（[[傳輸層安全性協定|安全套接字层]]）连接支持和压缩化服务器连接。” <ref name="Piccard370" />例如，"shun" 命令可以阻断所有某个用户的所有消息，"spamfilter''"'' 使用[[正则表达式]]，来自动地阻断，忽略或断开用户，"''dccdeny" 可以阻断''文件的递送。 <ref>[[UnrealIRCd#Piccard|Piccard et. al.]], p. 371</ref>UnrealIRCd 具有密码认证的功能，来使得某些命令仅供操作员使用。 <ref name="Leadbeater363">{{Cite book|editor-last=Mutton, Paul|title=IRC Hacks: 100 Industrial-Strength Tips & Tools|last=Leadbeater|first=David|publisher=[[O'Reilly Media|O'Reilly]]|year=2004|page=363|isbn=0-596-00687-X|chapterurl=https://books.google.com/books?id=MbHAnBh9AqQC&pg=PA363|quote=One of the most popular and full-featured ircds is Unreal.|accessdate=2011-09-19|ref=Leadbeater|archivedate=2014-07-12|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140712094510/http://books.google.com/books?id=MbHAnBh9AqQC&pg=PA363}}</ref> 其 Windows 版本具有启动时的错误报告。 <ref name="Leadbeater363" /> Unreal 支持链接到外部的 IRC 服务，并允许服务更改频道模式。 <ref>[[UnrealIRCd#Leadbeater|Leadbeater]], p. 366.</ref>管理员可以使用服务侧过滤文件或域名的传输。 <ref>[[UnrealIRCd#Piccard|Piccard et. al.]], p. 409, 392</ref>

Unreal 3.2 的“新型”配置文件格式被描述为比传统的 IRCd 服务器“更冗长”，这使得配置更为容易；它将相关选项分为的单独的“块”，并为每个选项提供解释性注释。 <ref>[[UnrealIRCd#Leadbeater|Leadbeater]], p. 361.</ref>

== 评价 ==
据 SearchIRC.com 称，UnrealIRCd 是“最流行和功能最齐全的 IRC 守护程序之一” <ref name="Piccard370">{{Cite book|last=Piccard|publisher=[[Syngress Publishing]]|archivedate=2014-07-12|ref=Piccard|accessdate=2011-09-10|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ZZU95ZdQ908C&pg=PA370|page=370 |isbn=978-1-59749-017-7|date=May 2005|edition=1st|first=Paul|title=Securing IM and P2P Applications for the Enterprise|last4=Sachs|first4=Marcus|last3=Spillman|first3=George|last2=Baskin|first2=Brian|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140712094952/http://books.google.com/books?id=ZZU95ZdQ908C&pg=PA370}}<cite class="citation book cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="Piccard">Piccard, Paul; Baskin, Brian; Spillman, George; Sachs, Marcus (May 2005). </cite></ref> <ref>[[UnrealIRCd#Leadbeater|Leadbeater]], p. 360.</ref>并且在最多的 IRC 服务器上使用。 <ref name="ircd-versions">{{Cite web|title=IRCd version overview|url=http://searchirc.com/ircd-versions|access-date=2011-09-10|work=SearchIRC|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100209034848/http://searchirc.com/ircd-versions|archive-date=2010-02-09}}</ref>该服务器被描述为“可能是所有 IRC 服务器中最安全的功能”。 <ref name="Piccard370" />

== 安全问题 ==
从 2009 年 11 月到 2010 年 6 月 12 日，版本 3.2.8.1 的 [[Tar|tarball]] 出现了一个允许人们以[[守护进程]]用户的[[特权 (Windows)|权限]]执行命令而不受任何用户限制的[[特洛伊木马 (电脑)|木马]]。问题现已修复 - 现在的 tarball 下载不再含有木马。 <ref name="ZDNet">{{Cite journal|title=Linux infection proves Windows malware monopoly is over; Gentoo ships backdoor? [updated]|url=http://www.zdnet.com/blog/bott/linux-infection-proves-windows-malware-monopoly-is-over-gentoo-ships-backdoor-updated/2206|last=Bott|first=Ed|date=June 12, 2010|journal=[[ZDnet]]|accessdate=September 20, 2011|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110926142457/http://www.zdnet.com/blog/bott/linux-infection-proves-windows-malware-monopoly-is-over-gentoo-ships-backdoor-updated/2206|archivedate=September 26, 2011}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|title=UnrealIRCd Security Advisory|url=http://www.unrealircd.com/txt/unrealsecadvisory.20100612.txt|access-date=2011-09-10|date=June 12, 2010|publisher=UnrealIRCd.com|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110904013021/http://www.unrealircd.com/txt/unrealsecadvisory.20100612.txt|archive-date=2011-09-04}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|title=Some UnrealIRCd 3.2.8.1 downloads trojaned (Update 3)|url=http://www.irc-junkie.org/2010-06-12/some-unrealircd-3-2-8-1-downloads-trojaned/|access-date=2011-09-10|author=Lederer|date=June 12, 2010|first=Christian|publisher=IRCJunkie.org|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110801091303/http://www.irc-junkie.org/2010-06-12/some-unrealircd-3-2-8-1-downloads-trojaned/|archive-date=2011-08-01}}</ref>

2010 年 1 月报告了针对 IRC 网络的基于 [[JavaScript]] 的跨协议攻击“Firefox XPS”； <ref>{{Cite news|title=Firefox-based attack wreaks havoc on IRC users|first=Dan|author=Goodin|date=January 30, 2010|work=[[The Register]]|url=https://www.theregister.co.uk/2010/01/30/firefox_interprotocol_attack/|accessdate=2011-09-10|archivedate=2011-08-17|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110817114530/http://www.theregister.co.uk/2010/01/30/firefox_interprotocol_attack/}}</ref> UnrealIRCd 的开发人员后来发布了一个补丁以将其反欺骗配置参数设置为“on”（之前的默认值为“off”）并设置了“类似 kill/zline/etc 这样的连接”。 <ref>{{Cite web|title=Browser/Javascript POST attack|url=http://forums.unrealircd.com/viewtopic.php?t=6458|access-date=2011-09-10|author=Syzop|date=February 28, 2010|publisher=UnrealIRCd.com|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110928005757/http://forums.unrealircd.com/viewtopic.php?t=6458|archive-date=2011-09-28}}</ref> <ref name="IRCJXPS">{{Cite web|title=UnrealIRCd team releases patch against Firefox XPS attack|url=http://www.irc-junkie.org/2010-03-01/unrealircd-team-releases-patch-against-firefox-xps-attack/|access-date=2011-09-10|author=Lederer|date=March 1, 2010|first=Christian|publisher=irc-junkie.org|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110901044554/http://www.irc-junkie.org/2010-03-01/unrealircd-team-releases-patch-against-firefox-xps-attack/|archive-date=2011-09-01}}</ref>这是配置文件中的产生第一个问题。 <ref name="IRCJXPS" />

== 另见 ==
{{Portal|自由軟體}}
* [[IRC|网络即时聊天协议（IRC）]]
* [[IRCd]]

== 参考文献 ==

[[Category:1999年软件]]

UnrealIRCd - 版本历史

imported>Jonsinn：​/* growthexperiments-addlink-summary-summary:2|0|0 */

imported>Jonsinn：/* growthexperiments-addlink-summary-summary:2|0|0 */