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{{noteTA
|G1=Physics
|G2=Chemistry
|G3=核能
}}
{{Elementbox
|name=Ubq
|enname=Unbiquadium
|number=124
|symbol=Ubq
|left=(Ubt)
|right=[[Ubp]]
|above=-
|below=-
|series=未知
|predicted series=超錒系元素
|series comment=可能為[[超錒系元素]]
|group=不適用
|period=8
|block=g
|series color=
|phase color=
|appearance=
|image name=
|image size=
|image name comment=
|image name 2=
|image size 2=
|image name 2 comment=
|atomic mass=未知
|atomic mass 2=
|atomic mass comment=
|electron configuration= [[[Og]]] 6f3 8s2 8p1 （預測<ref name=Haire>{{cite book| title = The Chemistry of the Actinide and Transactinide Elements| editor1-last = Morss|editor2-first = Norman M.| editor2-last = Edelstein| editor3-last = Fuger|editor3-first = Jean| last = Haire|first = Richard G.| chapter = Transactinides and the future elements| publisher = [[Springer Science+Business Media]]| year = 2006| isbn = 1-4020-3555-1| location = Dordrecht, The Netherlands| edition = 3rd| ref = CITEREFHaire2006}}</ref>）
|electrons per shell=2, 8, 18, 32, 32, 21, 8, 3 （預測）
|physical properties=未知
|color=
|phase=固體
|phase comment=預測
|density gplstp=
|density gpcm3nrt=
|density gpcm3nrt 2=
|density gpcm3nrt 3=
|density gpcm3mp=
|melting point K=
|melting point C=
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|melting point pressure=
|sublimation point K=
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|sublimation point pressure=
|boiling point K=
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|boiling point F=
|boiling point pressure=
|triple point K=
|triple point kPa=
|triple point K 2=
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|critical point K=
|critical point MPa=
|heat fusion=
|heat fusion 2=
|heat fusion pressure=
|heat vaporization=
|heat vaporization pressure=
|heat capacity=
|heat capacity pressure=
|vapor pressure 1=
|vapor pressure 10=
|vapor pressure 100=
|vapor pressure 1 k=
|vapor pressure 10 k=
|vapor pressure 100 k=
|vapor pressure comment=
|atomic properties=未知
|oxidation states= '''6'''（預測）<ref name="Pyykkö2011">{{Cite journal|last1=Pyykkö|first1=Pekka|author-link=Pekka Pyykkö|title=A suggested periodic table up to Z ≤ 172, based on Dirac–Fock calculations on atoms and ions|journal=Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics|volume=13|issue=1|pages=161–8|year=2011|pmid=20967377|doi=10.1039/c0cp01575j|bibcode = 2011PCCP...13..161P }}</ref>
|oxidation states comment=
|electronegativity=
|number of ionization energies=0
|1st ionization energy=
|2nd ionization energy=
|3rd ionization energy=
|atomic radius=
|atomic radius calculated=
|covalent radius=
|Van der Waals radius=
|crystal structure=
|magnetic ordering=
|electrical resistivity=
|electrical resistivity at 0=
|electrical resistivity at 20=
|thermal conductivity=
|thermal conductivity 2=
|thermal diffusivity=
|thermal expansion=
|thermal expansion at 25=
|speed of sound=
|speed of sound rod at 20=
|speed of sound rod at r.t.=
|Tensile strength=
|Young's modulus=
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|isotopes=
|isotopes comment=
}}
'''Unbiquadium'''（[[化學符號]]為'''Ubq'''）是一種尚未被發現的[[化學元素]]，[[原子序數]]是124。直到这个元素被发现、确认并确定了永久名称之前，''Unbiquadium''和''Ubq''分别为这个元素的臨時[[IUPAC元素系统命名法|系统命名和化学符号]]。在[[扩展元素周期表]]中，Ubq位於[[第8周期元素|第8週期]]，预测是屬於[[g區元素|g區]]的[[超锕系元素]]。由於該元素可能處於理論上的[[超重元素]][[穩定島]]之中，其部分[[同位素]]可能具有較長的[[半衰期#物理學|半衰期]]，尤其是[[中子數]]為[[幻数 (物理学)|幻數]]（184）的{{nuclide|Ubq|308}}，因而受到學者的關注。

儘管科學家曾多次嘗試合成該元素，但Ubq迄今為止仍未被成功合成出來，在自然界中也沒有發現任何Ubq同位素存在的跡象。科學家相信，Ubq將比其他較輕的未發現元素更加難以合成，且其[[原子核]]的高度不穩定性將為其識別帶來很大的困難，除非這些處於穩定島中的超重元素具有超出預期的高穩定性。

作為超錒系元素的一員，Ubq的性質預計與其較輕的可能[[同類物]][[鈾]]有一些相似之處，其[[價電子]]可能相當容易參與化學反應。不过，[[相对论量子化学|相对论效应]]可能会导致Ubq的某些性质与直接用[[元素周期律]]推测的性质有所不同。例如，推算出的Ubq[[電子組態]]為[[[Og]]] 6f3 8s2 8p1或[Og] 6f2 8s2 8p2，與根據[[遞建原理]]預測的[Og] 5g4 8s2組態有很大的不同。<ref name=Hoffman>{{cite book| title=The Chemistry of the Actinide and Transactinide Elements| editor1-last=Morss|editor2-first=Norman M.| editor2-last=Edelstein| editor3-last=Fuger|editor3-first=Jean| last1=Hoffman|first1=Darleane C. |last2=Lee |first2=Diana M. |last3=Pershina |first3=Valeria| chapter=Transactinides and the future elements| publisher= [[Springer Science+Business Media]]| year=2006| isbn=1-4020-3555-1| location=Dordrecht, The Netherlands| edition=3rd}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Umemoto |first1=Koichiro |last2=Saito |first2=Susumu |date=1996 |title=Electronic Configurations of Superheavy Elements |url=https://journals.jps.jp/doi/pdf/10.1143/JPSJ.65.3175 |journal=Journal of the Physical Society of Japan |volume=65 |issue=10 |pages=3175–9 |doi=10.1143/JPSJ.65.3175 |bibcode=1996JPSJ...65.3175U |access-date=31 January 2021 |archive-date=2021-03-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210306212023/https://journals.jps.jp/doi/pdf/10.1143/JPSJ.65.3175 |dead-url=no }}</ref>

==概论==
{{Excerpt|超重元素|概论|subsections=yes}}

== 歴史 ==
2006年，國家重離子加速器研究所（法國國家研究所）的一個研究小組試圖透過一種用天然鍺照射鈾的新方法研究多種同位素的半衰期<ref>[http://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/docs/00/12/91/31/PDF/WAPHE06_EPJ_preprint1.pdf Direct experimental evidence for very long fission times of super-heavy elements] {{Wayback|url=http://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/docs/00/12/91/31/PDF/WAPHE06_EPJ_preprint1.pdf |date=20120223174432 }}HAL（フランスのオープンアーカイブ）</ref>。
{{indent|<math>\,^{238}_{92}\mathrm{U} + \,^{nat}_{32}\mathrm{Ge} \to \,^{308,310,311,312,314}\mathrm{Ubq} ^{*} \to \ fission.</math>}}

==注释==
{{notelist}}

==参考资料==
{{Reflist|30em}}

== 参考书目==
* {{cite book|last=Beiser|first=A.|title=Concepts of modern physics|date=2003|publisher=McGraw-Hill|isbn=978-0-07-244848-1|edition=6th|oclc=48965418|ref=harv}}
* {{cite book |last=Hoffman |first=D. C. |last2=Ghiorso |first2=A. |last3=Seaborg |first3=G. T. |title=The Transuranium People: The Inside Story |url=https://archive.org/details/transuraniumpeop0000hoff |year=2000 |publisher=World Scientific |isbn=978-1-78-326244-1|ref=harv}}
* {{cite book|last=Kragh|first=H.|date=2018 |title=From Transuranic to Superheavy Elements: A Story of Dispute and Creation |url=https://archive.org/details/fromtransuranict0000krag|publisher=Springer |isbn=978-3-319-75813-8|ref=harv}}

==外部連結==
{{Elements.links|Ubq |124}}
{{擴展元素週期表 | model=nefedov|number=173|no mark=yes}}

[[Category:第8周期元素|8F]]
[[Category:化学元素|8F]]
[[Category:假想化学元素|124]]

Ubq - 版本历史

imported>Nucleus hydro elemon：​/* top */

imported>Nucleus hydro elemon：/* top */