imported>Nucleus hydro elemon：/* top */

2026-05-12T15:31:45Z

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{{noteTA
|G1=Physics
|G2=Chemistry
|G3=核能
}}
{{不是|瑞聯銀行}}
{{Elementbox
|name=Ubp
|enname=Unbipentium
|number=125
|symbol=Ubp
|left=[[Ubq]]
|right=[[Ubh]]
|above=-
|below=-<ref>原子序的上限為173</ref>
|series=未知
|predicted series=超錒系元素
|series comment=可能為[[超錒系元素]]
|group=不適用
|period=8
|block=g
|series color=
|phase color=
|appearance=
|image name=
|image size=
|image name comment=
|image name 2=
|image size 2=
|image name 2 comment=
|atomic mass=未知
|atomic mass 2=
|atomic mass comment=
|electron configuration= [[[Og]]] 5g1 6f3 8s2 8p1 （預測<ref name=Haire>{{cite book| title = The Chemistry of the Actinide and Transactinide Elements| editor1-last = Morss|editor2-first = Norman M.| editor2-last = Edelstein| editor3-last = Fuger|editor3-first = Jean| last = Haire|first = Richard G.| chapter = Transactinides and the future elements| publisher = [[Springer Science+Business Media]]| year = 2006| isbn = 1-4020-3555-1| location = Dordrecht, The Netherlands| edition = 3rd| ref = CITEREFHaire2006}}</ref>）
|electrons per shell=2, 8, 18, 32, 33, 21, 8, 3 （預測）
|physical properties=未知
|color=
|phase=
|phase comment=
|density gplstp=
|density gpcm3nrt=
|density gpcm3nrt 2=
|density gpcm3nrt 3=
|density gpcm3mp=
|melting point K=
|melting point C=
|melting point F=
|melting point pressure=
|sublimation point K=
|sublimation point C=
|sublimation point F=
|sublimation point pressure=
|boiling point K=
|boiling point C=
|boiling point F=
|boiling point pressure=
|triple point K=
|triple point kPa=
|triple point K 2=
|triple point kPa 2=
|critical point K=
|critical point MPa=
|heat fusion=
|heat fusion 2=
|heat fusion pressure=
|heat vaporization=
|heat vaporization pressure=
|heat capacity=
|heat capacity pressure=
|vapor pressure 1=
|vapor pressure 10=
|vapor pressure 100=
|vapor pressure 1 k=
|vapor pressure 10 k=
|vapor pressure 100 k=
|vapor pressure comment=
|crystal structure=
|atomic properties=未知
|oxidation states=(1), ('''6'''), ('''7''')（預測）<ref name="Pyykkö2011">{{Cite journal|last1=Pyykkö|first1=Pekka|author-link=Pekka Pyykkö|title=A suggested periodic table up to Z ≤ 172, based on Dirac–Fock calculations on atoms and ions|journal=Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics|volume=13|issue=1|pages=161–8|year=2011|pmid=20967377|doi=10.1039/c0cp01575j|bibcode = 2011PCCP...13..161P }}</ref>
|oxidation states comment=
|electronegativity=
|number of ionization energies=0
|1st ionization energy=
|2nd ionization energy=
|3rd ionization energy=
|atomic radius=
|atomic radius calculated=
|covalent radius=
|Van der Waals radius=
|magnetic ordering=
|electrical resistivity=
|electrical resistivity at 0=
|electrical resistivity at 20=
|thermal conductivity=
|thermal conductivity 2=
|thermal diffusivity=
|thermal expansion=
|thermal expansion at 25=
|speed of sound=
|speed of sound rod at 20=
|speed of sound rod at r.t.=
|Tensile strength=
|Young's modulus=
|Shear modulus=
|Bulk modulus=
|Poisson ratio=
|Mohs hardness=
|Vickers hardness=
|Brinell hardness=
|CAS number=
|isotopes=
|isotopes comment=
}}
'''Unbipentium'''（[[化學符號]]為'''Ubp'''）是一種尚未被發現的[[化學元素]]，[[原子序數]]是125。直到这个元素被发现、确认并确定了永久名称之前，''Unbipentium''和''Ubp''分别为这个元素的暫定[[IUPAC元素系统命名法|系统命名和化学符号]]。在[[扩展元素周期表]]中，Ubp位於[[第8周期元素|第8週期]]，预测是屬於[[g區元素|g區]]的[[超锕系元素]]。Ubp可能處於理論上的[[超重元素]][[穩定島]]之中，而其後的126號元素[[Ubh]]預計將是穩定島中最穩定的元素。

Ubp迄今為止仍未被成功合成出來，[[俄羅斯]][[杜布納聯合原子核研究所]]曾在1970至1971年間嘗試合成該元素，但並未成功，目前世界各國也尚無嘗試合成Ubp的實驗計畫。

作為超錒系元素的一員，Ubp的性質預計與其較輕的可能[[同類物]][[錼]]有一些相似之處，例如可能都具有+6[[氧化態]]且能形成[[六氟化物]]。<ref name="5gchem">{{cite journal|last1=Dongon|first1=J.P.|last2=Pyykkö|first2=P.|date=2017|title=Chemistry of the 5g elements. Relativistic calculations on hexafluorides|journal=Angewandte Chemie International Edition|volume=56|issue=34|pages=10132–10134|doi=10.1002/anie.201701609|pmid=28444891|s2cid=205400592|url=https://hal-cea.archives-ouvertes.fr/cea-01515489/document|access-date=2023-10-10|archive-date=2023-04-17|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230417124641/https://hal-cea.archives-ouvertes.fr/cea-01515489/document|dead-url=no}}</ref>Ubp6+離子的外層[[電子組態]]預計為5g1，與Np6+離子的5f1組態類似。<ref name="Pyykkö2011"/><ref name=5gchem />不过，[[相对论量子化学|相对论效应]]可能会导致Ubp的某些性质与直接用[[元素周期律]]推测的性质有所不同。例如，科學家推算出Ubp的電子組態預計為[[[Og]]] 5g1 6f3 8s2 8p1或[Og] 6f4 8s2 8p1，和根據[[遞建原理]]預測的[Og] 5g5 8s2組態有很大的不同。<ref name=Haire/><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Umemoto |first1=Koichiro |last2=Saito |first2=Susumu |date=1996 |title=Electronic Configurations of Superheavy Elements |url=https://journals.jps.jp/doi/pdf/10.1143/JPSJ.65.3175 |journal=Journal of the Physical Society of Japan |volume=65 |issue=10 |pages=3175–9 |doi=10.1143/JPSJ.65.3175 |bibcode=1996JPSJ...65.3175U |access-date=31 January 2021 |archive-date=2021-03-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210306212023/https://journals.jps.jp/doi/pdf/10.1143/JPSJ.65.3175 |dead-url=no }}</ref>

==概论==
{{Excerpt|超重元素|概论|subsections=yes}}

== 歴史 ==
位於[[俄羅斯]]的[[杜布納聯合原子核研究所]]曾於1970至1971年間嘗試[[人工合成元素|合成]]過一次125號元素，但並未成功。研究人員用[[鋅]]離子射向[[鋂]]-243靶材，反應過程如下：<ref name=superlourds>{{cite journal|last1=Epherre|first1=M.|last2=Stephan|first2=C.|date=1975|title=Les éléments superlourds|language=fr|journal=Le Journal de Physique Colloques|volume=11|issue=36|pages=C5–159–164|url=https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/46775464.pdf|doi=10.1051/jphyscol:1975541|access-date=2023-10-10|archive-date=2021-05-18|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210518054220/https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/46775464.pdf|dead-url=no}}</ref>

:<math>\,^{243}_{95}\mathrm{Am} + \,^{66, 68}_{30}\mathrm{Zn} \to \,^{309, 311}\mathrm{Ubp} ^{*} \to</math> 無原子

反應沒有檢測到任何原子，截面上限為5 [[靶恩|nb]]。該次實驗的動機為：根據[[穩定島]]理論，[[核子]]數目接近雙[[幻数_(物理学)|幻數]][[核種]]{{nuclide|Ubh|310}}（[[質子數]]為126，[[中子數]]為184）的原子核將可能具有較高的穩定性<ref name=superlourds />，不過近期的研究顯示穩定島可能位於原子序較低的元素之間（例如原子序112的[[鎶]]附近），而125號元素等較重元素的合成實驗將需要更高的靈敏度。<ref name=Zagrebaev>{{cite journal|title=Future of superheavy element research: Which nuclei could be synthesized within the next few years?|url=http://nrv.jinr.ru/pdf_file/J_phys_2013.pdf|first1=Valeriy|last1=Zagrebaev|first2=Alexander|last2=Karpov|first3=Walter|last3=Greiner|date=2013|journal=Journal of Physics|volume=420|issue=1|pages=012001|doi=10.1088/1742-6596/420/1/012001|arxiv=1207.5700|bibcode=2013JPhCS.420a2001Z|s2cid=55434734|access-date=2023-10-10|archive-date=2015-10-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151003154020/http://nrv.jinr.ru/pdf_file/J_phys_2013.pdf|dead-url=no}}</ref>

==註釋==
{{notelist}}

==參考資料==
{{reflist|30em}}

== 参考书目==
* {{cite book|last=Beiser|first=A.|title=Concepts of modern physics|date=2003|publisher=McGraw-Hill|isbn=978-0-07-244848-1|edition=6th|oclc=48965418|ref=harv}}
* {{cite book |last=Hoffman |first=D. C. |last2=Ghiorso |first2=A. |last3=Seaborg |first3=G. T. |title=The Transuranium People: The Inside Story |year=2000 |publisher=World Scientific |isbn=978-1-78-326244-1|ref=harv}}
* {{cite book|last=Kragh|first=H.|date=2018 |title=From Transuranic to Superheavy Elements: A Story of Dispute and Creation |url=https://archive.org/details/fromtransuranict0000krag|publisher=Springer |isbn=978-3-319-75813-8|ref=harv}}

==參見==
*[[Ubq]]–[[Ubh]]
*[[IUPAC元素系統命名法]]
*[[第8週期元素]]

{{擴展元素週期表 | model=nefedov|number=173|no mark=yes}}

[[Category:化学元素|8]]
[[Category:第8周期元素]]
[[Category:假想化学元素|125]]

Ubp - 版本历史

imported>Nucleus hydro elemon：​/* top */

imported>Nucleus hydro elemon：/* top */