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{{请求翻译|en}}
{{noteTA
|G1=Physics
|G2=Chemistry
|G3=核能
}}
{{Elementbox
|name=Ubb
|enname=Unbibium
|number=122
|symbol=Ubb
|left=[[Ubu]]
|right=(Ubt)
|above=-
|below=(Uhb)
|series=未知
|predicted series=超錒系元素
|series comment=可能為[[超錒系元素]]
|group=不適用
|period=8
|block=g
|series color=
|phase color=
|appearance=
|image name=
|image size=
|image name comment=
|image name 2=
|image size 2=
|image name 2 comment=
|atomic mass=未知
|atomic mass 2=
|atomic mass comment=
|electron configuration= [[[Og]]] 7d1 8s2 8p1（預測<ref name=Haire>{{cite book| title = The Chemistry of the Actinide and Transactinide Elements| editor1-last = Morss|editor2-first = Norman M.| editor2-last = Edelstein| editor3-last = Fuger|editor3-first = Jean| last = Haire|first = Richard G.| chapter = Transactinides and the future elements| publisher = [[Springer Science+Business Media]]| year = 2006| isbn = 1-4020-3555-1| location = Dordrecht, The Netherlands| edition = 3rd| ref = CITEREFHaire2006}}</ref>）
|electrons per shell=2, 8, 18, 32, 32, 18, 9, 3（預測）
|physical properties=未知
|color=
|phase=固體
|phase comment=（預測）
|density gplstp=
|density gpcm3nrt=
|density gpcm3nrt 2=
|density gpcm3nrt 3=
|density gpcm3mp=
|melting point K=
|melting point C=
|melting point F=
|melting point pressure=
|sublimation point K=
|sublimation point C=
|sublimation point F=
|sublimation point pressure=
|boiling point K=
|boiling point C=
|boiling point F=
|boiling point pressure=
|triple point K=
|triple point kPa=
|triple point K 2=
|triple point kPa 2=
|critical point K=
|critical point MPa=
|heat fusion=
|heat fusion 2=
|heat fusion pressure=
|heat vaporization=
|heat vaporization pressure=
|heat capacity=
|heat capacity pressure=
|vapor pressure 1=
|vapor pressure 10=
|vapor pressure 100=
|vapor pressure 1 k=
|vapor pressure 10 k=
|vapor pressure 100 k=
|vapor pressure comment=
|atomic properties=未知
|oxidation states='''4'''（預測）<ref name="Pyykkö2011">{{Cite journal|last1=Pyykkö|first1=Pekka|author-link=Pekka Pyykkö|title=A suggested periodic table up to Z ≤ 172, based on Dirac–Fock calculations on atoms and ions|journal=Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics|volume=13|issue=1|pages=161–8|year=2011|pmid=20967377|doi=10.1039/c0cp01575j|bibcode = 2011PCCP...13..161P }}</ref>
|oxidation states comment=
|electronegativity=
|number of ionization energies=
|1st ionization energy=
|2nd ionization energy=
|3rd ionization energy=
|atomic radius=
|atomic radius calculated=
|covalent radius=
|crystal structure=
|Van der Waals radius=
|magnetic ordering=
|electrical resistivity=
|electrical resistivity at 0=
|electrical resistivity at 20=
|thermal conductivity=
|thermal conductivity 2=
|thermal diffusivity=
|thermal expansion=
|thermal expansion at 25=
|speed of sound=
|speed of sound rod at 20=
|speed of sound rod at r.t.=
|Tensile strength=
|Young's modulus=
|Shear modulus=
|Bulk modulus=
|Poisson ratio=
|Mohs hardness=
|Vickers hardness=
|Brinell hardness=
|CAS number=
|isotopes=
|isotopes comment=
}}
'''Unbibium'''（[[化學符號]]為'''Ubb'''）是一種尚未被發現的[[化學元素]]，[[原子序數]]是122。直到这个元素被发现、确认并确定了永久名称之前，''Unbibium''和''Ubb''分别为这个元素的臨時[[IUPAC元素系统命名法|系统命名和化学符号]]。在[[扩展元素周期表]]裡，Ubb是[[第8周期元素|第8週期]]的第四個元素，预测是繼[[Ubu]]後的第二個[[g区元素]]和[[超锕系元素]]。該元素可能處於理論上的[[超重元素]][[穩定島]]之中，其部分[[同位素]]可能具有較長的[[半衰期#物理學|半衰期]]，尤其是[[中子數]]為[[幻数 (物理学)|幻數]]（184）的{{nuclide|Ubb|306}}。

儘管科學家曾多次嘗試合成該元素，但Ubb迄今為止仍未被成功合成出來，目前世界各國也尚無嘗試合成Ubb的實驗計畫。2008年，[[希伯来大学]]的Amnon Marinov聲稱在天然[[釷]]樣本中发现了Ubb，是首個在自然界中發現的超重元素<ref>{{Citation|title=Evidence for a long-lived superheavy nucleus with atomic mass number A=292 and atomic number Z=~122 in natural Th|url=http://arxiv.org/abs/0804.3869|date=2008-04-24|accessdate=2025-02-07|doi=10.48550/arXiv.0804.3869|first=A.|last=Marinov|first2=I.|last2=Rodushkin|first3=D.|last3=Kolb|first4=A.|last4=Pape|first5=Y.|last5=Kashiv|first6=R.|last6=Brandt|first7=R. V.|last7=Gentry|first8=H. W.|last8=Miller|archive-date=2016-08-18|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160818173020/http://arxiv.org/abs/0804.3869|dead-url=no}}</ref>，但之后的研究认为这一发现并不足信<ref>{{cite journal |journal=Phys. Rev. C |title=Comment on "Existence of long-lived isomeric states in naturally-occurring neutron-deficient Th isotopes" |year=2009 |volume=79 |pages=049801 |doi=10.1103/PhysRevC.79.049801 |author=R. C. Barber; J. R. De Laeter |bibcode = 2009PhRvC..79d9801B |issue=4 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |journal=Phys. Rev. C |title=Reply to "Comment on 'Existence of long-lived isomeric states in naturally-occurring neutron-deficient Th isotopes'" |year=2009 |volume=79 |pages=049802 |doi=10.1103/PhysRevC.79.049802 |author=A. Marinov; I. Rodushkin; Y. Kashiv; L. Halicz; I. Segal; A. Pape; R. V. Gentry; H. W. Miller; D. Kolb; R. Brandt |bibcode = 2009PhRvC..79d9802M |issue=4 }}</ref>。

Ubb預計會表現出一些與[[鈰]]和[[釷]]相似的化學性質，例如都具有較穩定的+4[[氧化態]]。不过，[[相对论量子化学|相对论效应]]可能会导致Ubb的某些性质与直接用[[元素周期律]]推测的性质有所不同。舉例來說，儘管Ubb預計處在週期表中g區超錒系元素的位置，但其推算出的[[基態]][[電子組態]]為[[[鿫|Og]]] 7d1 8s2 8p1或[Og] 8s2 8p2，而非根據[[遞建原理]]所預測的[Og] 5g2 8s2組態。<ref name="Pyykkö2011"/>

==概论==
{{Excerpt|超重元素|概论|subsections=yes}}

==合成嘗試==
{|class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
! 目標 !! 發射體 !! CN !! 結果
|-
!208Pb
|94Zr||302Ubb||{{unk|尚未嘗試}}
|-
!232Th
|74Ge||306Ubb||{{unk|尚未嘗試}}
|-
!238U
|70Zn||308Ubb||{{no|至今失敗}}
|-
!238U
|66Zn||304Ubb||{{no|至今失敗}}
|-
!244Pu
|64Ni||308Ubb||{{unk|尚未嘗試}}
|-
!248Cm
|58Fe||306Ubb||{{unk|尚未嘗試}}
|-
!249Cf
|54Cr||303Ubb||{{unk|尚未嘗試}}
|}

==注释==
{{notelist}}

== 参考文献 ==
{{reflist|30em}}

== 参考书目==
* {{cite book|last=Beiser|first=A.|title=Concepts of modern physics|date=2003|publisher=McGraw-Hill|isbn=978-0-07-244848-1|edition=6th|oclc=48965418|ref=harv}}
* {{cite book |last=Hoffman |first=D. C. |last2=Ghiorso |first2=A. |last3=Seaborg |first3=G. T. |title=The Transuranium People: The Inside Story |url=https://archive.org/details/transuraniumpeop0000hoff |year=2000 |publisher=World Scientific |isbn=978-1-78-326244-1|ref=harv}}
* {{cite book|last=Kragh|first=H.|date=2018 |title=From Transuranic to Superheavy Elements: A Story of Dispute and Creation |url=https://archive.org/details/fromtransuranict0000krag|publisher=Springer |isbn=978-3-319-75813-8|ref=harv}}

==外部連結==
{{Elements.links|Ubb|122}}
{{擴展元素週期表 | model=nefedov|number=173|no mark=yes}}

[[Category:第8周期元素|8D]]
[[Category:化学元素|8D]]
[[Category:假想化学元素|122]]

Ubb - 版本历史

imported>InternetArchiveBot：​Add 1 book for verifiability (20260407)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) (GreenC bot

imported>InternetArchiveBot：Add 1 book for verifiability (20260407)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) (GreenC bot