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{{infobox gene|geneid=50840}}
'''味觉感受器，类型2，成员14，TAS2R14''' 是一个人类基因组中''TAS2R14''基因编码的蛋白质，是苦味味觉感受器的一员<ref name="pmid10761934">{{cite journal | author = Adler E, Hoon MA, Mueller KL, Chandrashekar J, Ryba NJ, Zuker CS | title = A novel family of mammalian taste receptors | journal = Cell | volume = 100 | issue = 6 | pages = 693–702 | pmid = 10761934 | pmc = | doi =10.1016/S0092-8674(00)80705-9 |date=Apr 2000}}</ref><ref name="pmid10766242">{{cite journal | author = Matsunami H, Montmayeur JP, Buck LB | title = A family of candidate taste receptors in human and mouse | url = https://archive.org/details/sim_nature-uk_2000-04-06_404_6778/page/600 | journal = Nature | volume = 404 | issue = 6778 | pages = 601–4 | pmid = 10766242 | pmc = | doi = 10.1038/35007072 |date=Apr 2000}}</ref><ref name="entrez">{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: TAS2R14 taste receptor, type 2, member 14| url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=50840| accessdate = }}</ref>。

== 功能 ==
该基因所属的味觉感受器家族是G蛋白偶联受体超家族中的一员，其蛋白主要表达在舌头和腭的上皮味觉受体细胞中。它们是组织在基因组中的基因集群，在小鼠和人类中表达在苦味位点。在功能表达研究中，TAS2R14与(-)-α-[[侧柏酮]]（[[苦艾酒]]和{{le|印防己毒素|picrotoxin}}中的原发性神经毒性剂）相关<ref name="pmid15178431">{{cite journal | author = Behrens M, Brockhoff A, Kuhn C, Bufe B, Winnig M, Meyerhof W | title = The human taste receptor hTAS2R14 responds to a variety of different bitter compounds | journal = Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. | volume = 319 | issue = 2 | pages = 479–85 | pmid = 15178431 | doi = 10.1016/j.bbrc.2004.05.019 |date=June 2004}}</ref>。该基因所在的味觉感受器基因簇位于[[12号染色体]]短臂13带<ref name="entrez" />。

TAS2R14和其它几种苦味感受器也在人类呼吸道[[平滑肌]]细胞上表达。它们在这些细胞中的活化会导致细胞内[[钙]]离子增加，从而触发[[钾离子通道]]打开，使细胞膜[[超极化 (生物学)|超极化]]，平滑肌放松。因此，这些受体的活化会导致[[支气管扩张]]。<ref name="pmid20972434">{{cite journal | author = Deshpande DA, Wang WC, McIlmoyle EL, Robinett KS, Schillinger RM, An SS, Sham JS, Liggett SB | title = Bitter taste receptors on airway smooth muscle bronchodilate by localized calcium signaling and reverse obstruction | journal = Nat. Med. | volume = 16 | issue = 11 | pages = 1299–304 | pmid = 20972434 | pmc = 3066567 | doi = 10.1038/nm.2237 |date=November 2010}}</ref>

==另见==
* [[味觉感受器]]

==参考文献==
{{reflist}}

==扩展阅读==
{{refbegin | 2}}
*{{cite journal | author=Kinnamon SC |title=A plethora of taste receptors |journal=Neuron |volume=25 |issue= 3 |pages= 507–10 |year= 2000 |pmid= 10774719 |doi=10.1016/S0896-6273(00)81054-5 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Margolskee RF |title=Molecular mechanisms of bitter and sweet taste transduction | url=https://archive.org/details/sim_journal-of-biological-chemistry_2002-01-04_277_1/page/n13 |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=277 |issue= 1 |pages= 1–4 |year= 2002 |pmid= 11696554 |doi= 10.1074/jbc.R100054200 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Montmayeur JP, Matsunami H |title=Receptors for bitter and sweet taste |journal=Curr. Opin. Neurobiol. |volume=12 |issue= 4 |pages= 366–71 |year= 2002 |pmid= 12139982 |doi=10.1016/S0959-4388(02)00345-8 }}
*{{cite journal | author1=Chandrashekar J|author2= Mueller KL|author3=Hoon MA|display-authors=etal |title=T2Rs function as bitter taste receptors |journal=Cell |volume=100 |issue= 6 |pages= 703–11 |year= 2000 |pmid= 10761935 |doi=10.1016/S0092-8674(00)80706-0 }}
*{{cite journal | author1=Strausberg RL|author2= Feingold EA|author3=Grouse LH|display-authors=etal |title=Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=99 |issue= 26 |pages= 16899–903 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12477932 |doi= 10.1073/pnas.242603899 | pmc=139241 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Zhang Y, Hoon MA, Chandrashekar J |display-authors=etal |title=Coding of sweet, bitter, and umami tastes: different receptor cells sharing similar signaling pathways |journal=Cell |volume=112 |issue= 3 |pages= 293–301 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12581520 |doi=10.1016/S0092-8674(03)00071-0 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA|display-authors=etal|title=The Status, Quality, and Expansion of the NIH Full-Length cDNA Project: The Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC) |journal=Genome Res. |volume=14 |issue= 10B |pages= 2121–7 |year= 2004 |pmid= 15489334 |doi= 10.1101/gr.2596504 | pmc=528928 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Fischer A, Gilad Y, Man O, Pääbo S |title=Evolution of bitter taste receptors in humans and apes | url=https://archive.org/details/sim_molecular-biology-and-evolution_2005-03_22_3/page/432 |journal=Mol. Biol. Evol. |volume=22 |issue= 3 |pages= 432–6 |year= 2005 |pmid= 15496549 |doi= 10.1093/molbev/msi027 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Go Y, Satta Y, Takenaka O, Takahata N |title=Lineage-Specific Loss of Function of Bitter Taste Receptor Genes in Humans and Nonhuman Primates |journal=Genetics |volume=170 |issue= 1 |pages= 313–26 |year= 2006 |pmid= 15744053 |doi= 10.1534/genetics.104.037523 | pmc=1449719 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Liu T, Qian WJ, Gritsenko MA|display-authors=etal |title=Human Plasma N-Glycoproteome Analysis by Immunoaffinity Subtraction, Hydrazide Chemistry, and Mass Spectrometry |journal=J. Proteome Res. |volume=4 |issue= 6 |pages= 2070–80 |year= 2006 |pmid= 16335952 |doi= 10.1021/pr0502065 | pmc=1850943 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Behrens M, Bartelt J, Reichling C|display-authors=etal|title=Members of RTP and REEP gene families influence functional bitter taste receptor expression | url=https://archive.org/details/sim_journal-of-biological-chemistry_2006-07-21_281_29/page/20650|journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=281 |issue= 29 |pages= 20650–9 |year= 2006 |pmid= 16720576 |doi= 10.1074/jbc.M513637200 }}
{{refend}}

==外部链接==
* {{MeshName|TAS2R14+protein,+human}}

{{G蛋白偶联受体}}

[[Category:G蛋白偶联受体]]

TAS2R14 - 版本历史

imported>InternetArchiveBot：​Add 3 books for verifiability (20251017sim)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) (GreenC bot

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