imported>暁月凛奈：使用DisamAssist清理消歧义链接：Mobi（链接至Mobipocket）。

2024-09-09T06:44:17Z

使用DisamAssist清理消歧义链接：Mobi（链接至Mobipocket）。

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{{NoteTA
|G1=IT
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{{Infobox Software
| name = Sumatra PDF
| logo = Sumatra PDF logo.svg
| logo size = 100px
| screenshot = SumatraPDF 2.png
| screenshot size = 250px
| author = Krzysztof Kowalczyk<ref name="ohco" />
| developer = Krzysztof Kowalczyk、Simon Bünzli及其他开发者<ref name="ohco" />
| released = 2006年6月1日
| latest_release_version = 
| latest_release_date = 
| operating_system = [[Microsoft Windows|Windows]]
| genre = [[PDF]]閱讀器
| license = [[GNU通用公共許可證]]第3版
| website = [https://www.sumatrapdfreader.org www.sumatrapdfreader.org]
}}
{{Portal|自由軟體}}
'''Sumatra PDF'''，又叫'''Sumatra'''，是一款专为[[Microsoft Windows]]开发的[[开放源代码]][[PDF]]阅读器。该程序也可以打开[[开放XML纸张规范]]、[[DjVu]]、[[EPUB]]、[[XML纸张规范|XPS]]、[[编译的HTML帮助文件|CHM]]、[[Comic Book Archive|CB7、CBR、CBT、CBZ]]、[[Mobipocket|MOBI]]和PRC文件。由两位贡献者最先编写：[[Krzysztof Kowalczyk]]和Simon Bünzli。<ref name="ohco">{{cite web |author=  |url=https://www.ohloh.net/p/4623/contributors |title=The Sumatra PDF Open Source Project on Ohloh : Contributors Listing Page |publisher=Ohloh.net |date=2011-09-27 |accessdate=2014-01-17 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130624080344/http://www.ohloh.net/p/4623/contributors |archive-date=2013-06-24 |dead-url=yes }}</ref><ref name="Sumatra">{{cite web |url=http://blog.kowalczyk.info/software/sumatrapdf/ |title=Sumatra PDF - A PDF Viewer for Windows |accessdate=2008-02-19 |author=Krzysztof Kowalczyk |archive-date=2013-02-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130205125736/http://blog.kowalczyk.info/software/sumatraPDF/ |dead-url=no }}</ref>

== 特性 ==
Sumatra具有简约的设计，具有对其广泛特性的付出的简单实现。对于PDF的渲染使用[[MuPDF]]库。

Sumatra被设计用于便携式用途，由没有外部组件的单个文件构成，使之可以在外部的USB驱动上运行。<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.appscout.com/2007/08/sumatra_pdf_viewer_fast_and_si.php |title=Sumatra PDF Viewer: Fast and Simple PDF Reading |author=Alan Henry |date=2007-08-11 |publisher=AppScout |access-date=2014-12-14 |archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/68Hy1GdVV?url=http://appscout.pcmag.com/free-downloads/276748-sumatra-pdf-viewer-fast-and-simple-pdf-reading |archive-date=2012-06-09 |dead-url=yes }}</ref>该软件被视为[[便携软件]]。<ref name="Sumatra" />

作为多数便携软件的特性，Sumatra占有很小的硬盘空间。<ref name="Sumatra" />2009年，Sumatra 1.0有1.21 MB安装文件，<ref name="oldapps">{{cite web|url = http://www.oldapps.com/sumatra_pdf.php|title = Sumatra PDF - Old Version of Sumatra PDF|accessdate = 15 November 2014|last = oldapps.com|first = |date = 19 October 2014|archive-date = 2014-12-14|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20141214183324/http://www.oldapps.com/sumatra_pdf.php|dead-url = yes}}</ref>相比较于[[Adobe Reader]] 9.5的32 MB。<ref>{{cite web |url=http://get.adobe.com/reader/otherversions/ |title=Adobe Reader |accessdate=2009-10-15 |author=Adobe Systems Incorporated |authorlink=Adobe Systems |year=2009 |archive-date=2013-07-02 |archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/6HneAhyPN?url=http://get.adobe.com/reader/otherversions/ |dead-url=yes }}</ref>安装后的大小为8.2 MB，而Adobe Reader XI要求320 MB的可用硬盘空间。<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.adobe.com/products/reader/tech-specs.html |title=Adobe Reader XI / Tech specs |accessdate=2012-10-16 |author=Adobe Systems Incorporated |authorlink=Adobe Systems |year=2012 |archive-date=2011-06-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110605230133/http://www.adobe.com/products/reader/tech-specs.html |dead-url=no }}</ref>目前，Sumatra有7 MB安装文件（64位）<ref>{{cite web |title=Download SumatraPDF |url=https://www.sumatrapdfreader.org/download-free-pdf-viewer |website=SumatraPDF |accessdate=2021-08-19 |archive-date=2022-05-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220508150929/https://www.sumatrapdfreader.org/download-free-pdf-viewer }}</ref>而Adobe Reader DC的安装文件达65.4 MB<ref>{{cite web |url=https://get.adobe.com/cn/reader/ |title=Adobe Reader DC |accessdate=2016-09-24 |author=Adobe Systems Incorporated |authorlink=Adobe Systems |year=2016 |archive-date=2015-02-13 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150213064057/http://get.adobe.com/cn/reader/ |dead-url=no }}</ref>。

重新打开文档时，文档打开时最后一刻的旋转、缩放、窗口大小等会被记录，使之比起别的PDF阅读器更像[[电子阅读器]]。{{Citation needed|date=September 2012}}

Sumatra不[[文件锁定|锁定]]PDF文件。用户可以覆盖保存PDF并按R键重新载入PDF文档而不需要将其关闭。例如一个[[PDFTeX]]用户可以找到这个有用的功能，在重编译已更改的[[TeX]]源代码后，直须按R并查看改动后的文档。{{Citation needed|date=September 2012}}该功能在启用中文输入法的情况下会无法使用。

PDF的[[PDF#使用限制和显示|使用限制]]在Sumatra 0.6中得到实现，<ref name="Kowalczyk"/>一种阻止用户从文档作者限制的文档中复制或者打印的[[数字版权管理]]形式。Kowalczyk声称“I decided that [Sumatra] will honor PDF creator's wishes（我决定（Sumatra）将尊重PDF创建者的愿望）”。<ref>{{cite web|url = https://code.google.com/p/sumatrapdf/issues/detail?id=461|title = Issue 461: Copy to clipboard not allowed in protected files|accessdate = 2012-09-13|last = Kowalczyk|first = Krzysztof|authorlink = |date = February 2009|archive-date = 2013-06-22|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20130622062034/https://code.google.com/p/sumatrapdf/issues/detail?id=461|dead-url = no}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url = https://code.google.com/p/sumatrapdf/issues/detail?id=2003|title = Issue 2003: printing fails (denied) due to PDF "Denied Permissions"|accessdate = 2012-09-13|last = Kowalczyk|first = Krzysztof|authorlink = |date = September 2012|archive-date = 2013-06-23|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20130623004814/https://code.google.com/p/sumatrapdf/issues/detail?id=2003|dead-url = no}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url = https://code.google.com/p/sumatrapdf/issues/detail?id=1927|title = Issue 1927: DRM-like features make working with documents difficult|accessdate = 2013-05-25|last = Kowalczyk|first = Krzysztof|authorlink = |date = September 2012|archive-date = 2013-09-27|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20130927162953/https://code.google.com/p/sumatrapdf/issues/detail?id=1927|dead-url = no}}</ref>其他开源阅读器如[[Okular]]及[[Evince]]做出了实现限制功能但默认不启用的选择，而且[[Debian]]发布软件补丁以去除这些限制，以遵循互用性及再利用的开源准则。<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://lwn.net/Articles/335415/ |title=Okular, Debian, and copy restrictions |access-date=2014-12-14 |archive-date=2021-05-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210525131144/https://lwn.net/Articles/335415/ }}</ref>

直到Sumatra 1.1，打印通过把任意PDF页面转变为位图的方式实现。这造成了大型的缓冲文件及打印速度可能变慢。<ref name="FreeDesktopMay2008">{{cite web|url = http://lists.freedesktop.org/archives/poppler/2008-May/003783.html|title = poppler Printing with poppler on Windows|accessdate = 2009-11-29|last = Johnson|first = Adrian|authorlink = |date = May 2008|archive-date = 2009-01-11|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20090111122919/http://lists.freedesktop.org/archives/poppler/2008-May/003783.html|dead-url = no}}</ref><ref name="Issue378">{{cite web|url = http://code.google.com/p/sumatrapdf/issues/detail?id=378|title = Issue 378: mass memory needed for printing any pdf document|accessdate = 2009-11-29|last = Kowalczyk|first = Krzysztof|authorlink = |date = October 2008|archive-date = 2010-07-06|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20100706164305/http://code.google.com/p/sumatrapdf/issues/detail?id=378|dead-url = no}}</ref>

从Sumatra 0.9.1开始，PDF文档嵌入的超链接也被支持。<ref name="Kowalczyk">{{cite web|url = http://blog.kowalczyk.info/software/sumatrapdf/news.html|title = Sumatra PDF - A PDF Viewer for Windows - Version history|accessdate = 2008-07-14|last = Kowalczyk|first = Krzysztof|authorlink = |date = May 2008|archive-date = 2012-04-03|archive-url = https://www.webcitation.org/66eERHLRC?url=http://blog.kowalczyk.info/software/sumatrapdf/news.html|dead-url = no}}</ref>

Sumatra是[[多语言|多语言的]]，有69种社区贡献的翻译。<ref>{{cite web |url=http://blog.kowalczyk.info/software/sumatrapdf/translators.html |title=Translators |accessdate=2007-10-29 |author=Krzysztof Kowalczyk |publisher=Sumatra PDF - A PDF Viewer for Windows |archive-date=2007-10-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071011015341/http://blog.kowalczyk.info/software/sumatrapdf/translators.html |dead-url=yes }}</ref>

Sumatra支持[[SyncTeX]]，一种同步[[TeX]]源码并由[[pdfTeX]]或[[XeTeX]]生成PDF的两用性的方法。

从0.9.4版本起，Sumatra支持[[JPEG 2000]]格式。

== 开发 ==
SumatraPDF以[[C++]]编程语言编写（一些部件以[[C语言]]编写）而且源代码提供对[[Microsoft Visual Studio]]的支持。<ref>{{cite web |url=https://code.google.com/p/sumatrapdf/downloads/detail?name=SumatraPDF-2.4-source.zip |title=SumatraPDF-2.4-source.zip - sumatrapdf - SumatraPDF 2.4 source code - PDF, EPUB, MOBI, CHM, XPS, DjVu, CBZ and CBR viewer for Windows - Google Project Hosting |publisher=Code.google.com |date=2013-10-02 |accessdate=2014-01-17 |archive-date=2014-03-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140311092031/https://code.google.com/p/sumatrapdf/downloads/detail?name=SumatraPDF-2.4-source.zip |dead-url=no }}</ref>

在为[[Windows XP]]设计的时候，Sumatra有一些对Windows早期版本的兼容性问题。对[[Windows 95]]、[[Windows 98|98]]及[[Windows Me|Me]]的支持在其完全消失的时候实现。<ref>{{cite web |url=http://blog.kowalczyk.info/software/sumatrapdf/download-free-pdf-viewer.html |title=Download SumatraPDF |accessdate=2011-02-07 |author=Krzysztof Kowalczyk |archive-date=2011-02-10 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110210135521/http://blog.kowalczyk.info/software/sumatrapdf/download-free-pdf-viewer.html |dead-url=no }}</ref>

Kowalczyk起初没有发布Sumatra的64位版本，指出这可能要求明显更快的速度及更多可用的内存，当时他相信这会加大用户的顾虑而且不大于潜在的成本效应。<ref>{{cite web |url=https://code.google.com/p/sumatrapdf/wiki/WhyNo64bitBuilds |title=WhyNo64bitBuilds - sumatrapdf - Why we don't provide 64bit builds. - PDF, CHM, XPS, DjVu, CBZ and CBR viewer for Windows - Google Project Hosting |publisher=Code.google.com |date=2012-02-23 |accessdate=2012-09-13 |archive-date=2012-11-10 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121110120407/http://code.google.com/p/sumatrapdf/wiki/WhyNo64bitBuilds |dead-url=no }}</ref>然而，一些用户要求提供64位的Sumatra，而且一些开发者完成了非官方的64位的Sumatra版本，<ref>{{cite web |url=http://xhmikosr.1f0.de/sumatrapdf/ |title=XhmikosR's Builds |publisher=Xhmikosr.1f0.de |date=2014-01-14 |accessdate=2014-02-12 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140208235437/http://xhmikosr.1f0.de/sumatrapdf/ |archivedate=2014-02-08 }}</ref>比32位版本加载文件速度更快。但官方版本的开发者要求非官方版本不能用Sumatra的名字。<ref>{{cite web |url=http://forums.fofou.org/sumatrapdf/topic?id=3184038&comments=4 |title=Sumatra PDF Reader forum |publisher=Forums.fofou.org |accessdate=2014-02-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140221182353/http://forums.fofou.org/sumatrapdf/topic?id=3184038&comments=4 |archive-date=2014-02-21 |dead-url=yes }}</ref>2015年10月推出官方的64位版本。<ref name="64bit_build">{{cite web |url=https://github.com/sumatrapdfreader/sumatrapdf/issues/190 |title=Provide 64bit builds |publisher=GitHub |accessdate=2015-10-31 |archive-date=2016-01-19 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160119153818/https://github.com/sumatrapdfreader/sumatrapdf/issues/190 |dead-url=no }}</ref>

源代码可以通过其[[Subversion]]开发库或者作为[[tar|tarball]]下载。<ref>{{cite web |url=http://blog.kowalczyk.info/forum_sumatra/topic.php?TopicId=347 |title=Source Code |accessdate=2008-02-13 |author=Mohammad shafie |coauthors=Krzysztof Kowalczyk, TJS |date=2007-07-03 |publisher=Sumatra PDF Viewer forum }} {{Dead link|date=October 2010|bot=H3llBot}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://code.google.com/p/sumatrapdf/downloads/list |title=Download Source |accessdate=2011-02-07 |publisher=SumatraPDF Developers |archive-date=2010-09-10 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100910111030/http://code.google.com/p/sumatrapdf/downloads/list |dead-url=no }}</ref>

Sumatra源代码原寄存于[[Google Code]]，并且因为美国出口法规规定而不适用于“列入美国海外资产监管局制裁名单的国家，包括古巴、伊朗、朝鲜、苏丹和叙利亚。”<ref>{{cite web |url=http://code.google.com/p/sumatrapdf/ |title=sumatrapdf - PDF, CHM, XPS, DjVu, CBZ and CBR viewer for Windows - Google Project Hosting |publisher=Code.google.com |accessdate=2012-08-13 |archive-date=2011-04-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110425164208/http://code.google.com/p/sumatrapdf/ |dead-url=no }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://code.google.com/projecthosting/terms.html |title=Google Project Hosting - Google Code |publisher=Code.google.com |accessdate=2012-08-13 |archive-date=2014-07-27 |archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/6RNQVtWrO?url=https://code.google.com/projecthosting/terms.html |dead-url=no }}</ref>现已移至[[GitHub]]。

== 历史 ==

Sumatra PDF的第一版0.1基于[[Xpdf]] 0.2，并于2006年6月1日发布。从0.2版转入[[Poppler]]。0.4版本改用[[MuPDF]]，因其速度的提升<ref>{{cite web
|url=http://blog.kowalczyk.info/article/SumatraPDF-04-released.html
|title=SumatraPDF 0.4 released
|accessdate=Feb 20, 2007
|author=Krzysztof Kowalczyk
|deadurl=yes
|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120414233031/http://blog.kowalczyk.info/article/SumatraPDF-04-released.html
|archivedate=2012-04-14
}}</ref>及对Windows的更好的支持，自从Poppler决定集中于Unix平台集成{{Citation needed|date=August 2012}}。Poppler仍然暂时作为替代渲染引擎，而且从0.6到0.8版本在MuPDF载入失败的时候自动转用渲染页面。Poppler在0.9版被移除，这一版于2008年8月10日发布。

1.0版本在3年持续开发之后于2009年11月17日发布，2012年4月2日发布2.0版，距1.0版的发布有2年。<ref name="Kowalczyk"/>

第一个非官方的翻译在2007由Lars Wohlfahrt发布，<ref>{{cite web
| url = http://eviltux.de/index.php?art5gg=weiter&id=1183156773&archive=&start_from=&rub=1&
| title = Sumatra PDF German
| accessdate = Jun 30, 2007
| author = Lars Wohlfahrt
| archive-date = 2014-12-16
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20141216004728/http://eviltux.de/index.php?art5gg=weiter&id=1183156773&archive=&start_from=&rub=1&
| dead-url = no
}}</ref>在Sumatra PDF获得官方的多语言支持之前。

2015年10月，3.1版在原始的[[32位元]]版本之外新增[[64位元]]版。<ref name="64bit_build" />

== 名称及插图 ==
[[File:Sumatra PDF Logo.png|thumb|100px|早期标志]]
作者指出选择名称“Sumatra”不是出于对[[苏门答腊岛]]或者[[小果咖啡|咖啡]]的敬意，称其命名背后没有特定的理由。<ref>{{cite web |url=http://forums.fofou.org/sumatrapdf/topic?id=3392&comments=2 |title=Name of Application |accessdate=2008-02-21 |author=Krzysztof Kowalczyk |date=2008-02-21 |publisher=Sumatra PDF Viewer forum |archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/66eET7Yz6?url=http://forums.fofou.org/sumatrapdf/topic?id=3392 |archive-date=2012-04-03 |dead-url=yes }}</ref>

Sumatra的图形设计是对艾伦·摩尔和大卫·吉布斯的漫画《[[守護者 (漫畫)|守護者]]》致敬。<ref name="lifehacker"/>

== 批评性的接受 ==
Sumatra以其快速与简易<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.osalt.com/sumatra-pdf |title=Sumatra PDF 0.8 |accessdate=2008-02-21 |author=Anders Ingeman Rasmussen |year=2008 |publisher=Open Source Alternatives |quote=Sumatra PDF is a fairly young project aiming to create a small, simple and fast PDF viewer. It main features are showing PDFs and starting up really fast - and it does both just perfectly. |archive-date=2012-04-03 |archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/66eETiA9y?url=http://www.osalt.com/sumatra-pdf |dead-url=no }}</ref>、[[快捷键]]以及[[开放源代码]]的开发受到好评。<ref name="lifehacker">{{cite web |url=http://lifehacker.com/software/featured-windows-download/open-pdfs-in-a-flash-with-sumatra-287281.php |title=Open PDF's in a flash with Sumatra |accessdate=2008-02-21 |author=Gina Trapani |date=2007-08-09 |publisher=[[Lifehacker.com|Lifehacker]] |quote=The Sumatra PDF Viewer is a tiny open source portable reader that opens PDF's in the blink of an eye. Bloat and startup time is a major drawback to [[Adobe Reader]], so we fled to the faster arms of [[Foxit Reader]] long ago. However, at 850KB, Sumatra is way slimmer than FoxIt. |archive-date=2012-04-03 |archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/66eEUJES6?url=http://lifehacker.com/287281/open-pdfs-in-a-flash-with-sumatra?tag=softwarefeaturedwindowsdownload |dead-url=no }}</ref>

{{link-en|欧洲自由软件基金会|Free Software Foundation Europe}}有一段时间推荐Sumatra PDF，但在2014年2月删除了他们的推荐，因为Sumatra里面出现了非自由许可的[[unrar]]代码。欧洲自由软件基金会代表Heiki Ojasild解释道：“while they continue to make use of the non-free library, SumatraPDF cannot be recognised as Free Software（在他们还在使用非自由库的代码的时候，SumatraPDF不能认为是自由软件）”。<ref name="unrar">{{cite web|url = https://code.google.com/p/sumatrapdf/source/browse/trunk/ext/unrar/license.txt|title = The source code of UnRAR utility is freeware|accessdate = 6 March 2014|last = Roshal|first = Alexander L.|date = 9 October 2011|archive-date = 2014-03-10|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20140310133151/https://code.google.com/p/sumatrapdf/source/browse/trunk/ext/unrar/license.txt|dead-url = no}}</ref><ref name="SumatraCode">{{cite web|url = https://code.google.com/p/sumatrapdf/|title = Sumatra PDF|accessdate = 6 March 2014|last = Sumatra PDF|date = n.d.|archive-date = 2014-12-20|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20141220003005/https://code.google.com/p/sumatrapdf/|dead-url = no}}</ref><ref name="Europe">{{cite web|url = http://www.pdfreaders.org/|title = Get a Free Software PDF reader!|accessdate = 6 March 2014|last = [[Free Software Foundation Europe]]|date = 28 February 2014|archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20140209030435/http://pdfreaders.org/|archivedate = 2014-02-09|dead-url = no}}</ref><ref name="Explanation">{{cite web|url = https://blogs.fsfe.org/repentinus/english/2014/03/05/pdfreaders-org-removal-of-sumatrapdf-due-to-use-of-non-free-code/|title = PDFreaders.org: Removal of SumatraPDF due to inclusion of non-free code|accessdate = 6 March 2014|last = Ojasild|first = Heiki|date = 5 March 2014|archive-date = 2014-10-30|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20141030131108/http://blogs.fsfe.org/repentinus/english/2014/03/05/pdfreaders-org-removal-of-sumatrapdf-due-to-use-of-non-free-code/|dead-url = yes}}</ref>Unrar最终在3.0版本以自由替代品替代，使之成为了100%自由软件。<ref>{{cite web|url = http://blog.kowalczyk.info/software/sumatrapdf/news.html|title = Sumatra PDF - A PDF Viewer for Windows - Version history|accessdate = 2014-10-21|last = Kowalczyk|first = Krzysztof|authorlink = |date = October 2014|archive-date = 2012-04-03|archive-url = https://www.webcitation.org/66eERHLRC?url=http://blog.kowalczyk.info/software/sumatrapdf/news.html|dead-url = no}}</ref>

== 参考文献 ==
<div class="references-small">
<references />
</div>

== 外部链接 ==
*{{official|https://www.sumatrapdfreader.org}}
* [https://code.google.com/archive/p/sumatrapdf/ Google Code主页] {{Wayback|url=https://code.google.com/archive/p/sumatrapdf/ |date=20211206030309 }}
* [https://github.com/sumatrapdfreader/sumatrapdf/ GitHub主页] {{Wayback|url=https://github.com/sumatrapdfreader/sumatrapdf/ |date=20220513134052 }}

{{PDF readers}}
{{XPS software}}

[[Category:PDF閱讀器]]
[[Category:自由PDF软件]]

Sumatra PDF - 版本历史

imported>暁月凛奈：​使用DisamAssist清理消歧义链接：Mobi（链接至Mobipocket）。

imported>暁月凛奈：使用DisamAssist清理消歧义链接：Mobi（链接至Mobipocket）。