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{{Infobox software
| name = Stata
| logo = stata_logo_med_blue.png
| screenshot =
| caption =
| author = William Gould<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.stata-journal.com/article.html?article=gn0018|title=Stata Journal | Article|website=www.stata-journal.com|access-date=2021-02-20|archive-date=2020-09-23|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200923023932/https://www.stata-journal.com/article.html?article=gn0018}}</ref>
| developer = StataCorp
| released = {{Start date|1985}}
| latest release version = 17
| programming language = [[C语言|C]]
| operating system = [[Microsoft Windows|Windows]], [[macOS]], [[Linux]]
| genre = [[统计分析]]
| license = [[专有软件|专有]]
| website = {{URL|https://www.stata.com/}}
}}
'''Stata'''是Statacorp公司于1985年开发出来的[[统计]]程序，被广泛应用于企业和学术机构中。许多使用者工作在[[研究]]领域，特别是在[[经济学]]、[[社会学]]、[[政治学]]及[[流行病学]]领域<ref>{{cite web|url = https://www.stata.com/disciplines/|title = Who uses Stata?|publisher = Stata|access-date = 2017-06-28|archive-date = 2018-03-23|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20180323045055/https://www.stata.com/disciplines/}}</ref>。最新的版本已经升级到了Stata 18。

Stata的一系列功能包括：数据管理，统计分析，图表，模拟，自定义编程。

== Stata代码例子 ==
[[File:Regression graphs from auto dataset in Stata 17.png|thumb|Stata 17中自动数据集的回归分析图。]]
进行y在x上的线性（OLS）[[最小二乘法|回归]]：
<syntaxhighlight lang="stata">
regress y x [if]
</syntaxhighlight>
选项部份<code>if</code>允许限制命令所用采样至一个子集。例如，如果命令只适用于采样中的雌性，则应当指定<code>if female == 1</code>。

要进行y在x上的[[邏輯斯諦迴歸]]：
<syntaxhighlight lang="stata">
logistic y x
</syntaxhighlight>
要显示y针对x的[[散布图]]，并限制x的值在10以下：
<syntaxhighlight lang="stata">
scatter y x if x < 10
</syntaxhighlight>
要进行y在x上的OLS回归，采用White的{{le|异方差一致的标准误差|heteroscedasticity-consistent standard errors}}：
<syntaxhighlight lang="stata">
regress y x, vce(robust)
</syntaxhighlight>
要计算回归的[[赤池信息量准则]]（AIC）和[[贝叶斯信息量准则]]（BIC）<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.datascientistskills.com/2017/10/which-regression-model-to-use.html|title=Choosing Regression Model in Stata|access-date=2021-02-20|archive-date=2018-08-30|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180830041431/http://www.datascientistskills.com/2017/10/which-regression-model-to-use.html}}</ref>：
<syntaxhighlight lang="stata">
estat ic
</syntaxhighlight>
要编码“{{le|Fizz buzz}}”：
<syntaxhighlight lang="stata">
program define fizzbuzz
args x
forvalues i = 1/`x' {
if mod(`i',15) == 0 {
display "fizzbuzz"
}
else if mod(`i',5) == 0 {
display "buzz"
}
else if mod(`i',3) == 0 {
display "fizz"
}
else {
display `i'
}
}
end
</syntaxhighlight>

==Mata==
Stata的矩阵编程语言Mata支持[[阵列编程]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.stata.com/features/matrix-programming-mata/|title=Mata—Stata's serious programming language|access-date=2021-02-20|archive-date=2021-04-20|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210420004624/https://www.stata.com/features/matrix-programming-mata/}}</ref>。下面例子展示了加法、乘法、一个矩阵和一个标量的加法、逐个元素的乘法、下标和Mata的多个逆矩阵之一：
<syntaxhighlight lang="stata">
. mata:

: A = (1,2,3) \(4,5,6)

: A
1 2 3
+-------------+
1 | 1 2 3 |
2 | 4 5 6 |
+-------------+

: B = (2..4) \(1..3)

: B
1 2 3
+-------------+
1 | 2 3 4 |
2 | 1 2 3 |
+-------------+

: C = J(3,2,1) // A 3 by 2 matrix of ones

: C
1 2
+---------+
1 | 1 1 |
2 | 1 1 |
3 | 1 1 |
+---------+

: D = A + B

: D
1 2 3
+-------------+
1 | 3 5 7 |
2 | 5 7 9 |
+-------------+

: E = A*C

: E
1 2
+-----------+
1 | 6 6 |
2 | 15 15 |
+-----------+

: F = A:*B

: F
1 2 3
+----------------+
1 | 2 6 12 |
2 | 4 10 18 |
+----------------+

: G = E :+ 3

: G
1 2
+-----------+
1 | 9 9 |
2 | 18 18 |
+-----------+

: H = F[(2\1), (1, 2)] // Subscripting to get a submatrix of F and

: // switch row 1 and 2
: H
1 2
+-----------+
1 | 4 10 |
2 | 2 6 |
+-----------+

: I = invsym(F'*F) // Generalized inverse (F*F^(-1)F=F) of a

: // symmetric positive semi-definite matrix
: I
[symmetric]
1 2 3
+-------------------------------------------+
1 | 0 |
2 | 0 3.25 |
3 | 0 -1.75 .9444444444 |
+-------------------------------------------+

: end
</syntaxhighlight>

==引用==
{{reflist}}

== 延伸阅读 ==
* {{cite book |author-first=Felix |author-last=Bittmann |title=Stata - A Really Short Introduction |location=Boston |publisher=DeGruyter Oldenbourg |year=2019 |isbn=978-3-11061-729-0 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=nGOMDwAAQBAJ&q=stata+bittmann&pg=PP1 }}
* {{cite book |editor-first=Enrique |editor-last=Pinzon |title=Thirty Years with Stata: A Retrospective |location=College Station, Texas |publisher=Stata Press |year=2015 |isbn=978-1-59718-172-3 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-9ARswEACAAJ }}
* {{cite book |author-first=Lawrence C. |author-last=Hamilton |title=Statistics with STATA |location=Boston |publisher=Cengage |year=2013 |isbn=978-0-84006-463-9 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=pUELAAAAQBAJ&q=isbn%3A1285632559&pg=PP1 }}

== 外部链接 ==
{{Sisterlinks|d=Q1204300|c=category:Stata|b=en:Stata|n=no|v=no|wikt=no|voy=no|mw=no|m=no|species=no|s=no|q=no}}
*{{Official website|https://www.stata.com/}}
* [http://www.stata-journal.com/ Stata期刊] {{Wayback|url=http://www.stata-journal.com/ |date=20180203052436 }}
* [https://www.stata-press.com/ Stata出版] {{Wayback|url=https://www.stata-press.com/ |date=20180205020958 }}

{{统计分析软件}}

[[Category:统计软件]]

Stata - 版本历史

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