imported>凌雲：/* 性質 */ 內容擴充

2026-03-24T08:27:49Z

性質：內容擴充

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{{Infobox Galaxy
| image =
| caption =
| name = Segue 1
| epoch = [[J2000.0|J2000]]
| type = 矮橢球星系或球狀星團<ref name="simbad"/><ref name=Belokurov2007/>
| ra = {{RA|10|07|04}}<ref name="simbad">{{cite web
|title=SIMBAD Astronomical Database
|work=Results for NAME SEGUE 1
|url=http://simbad.u-strasbg.fr/simbad/sim-basic?Ident=segue1&submit=SIMBAD+search
|accessdate=2010-03-13
|archive-date=2017-10-19
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171019221552/http://simbad.u-strasbg.fr/simbad/sim-basic?Ident=segue1&submit=SIMBAD+search
|dead-url=no
}}</ref>
| dec = {{DEC|16|04|55}}<ref name="simbad"/>
| dist_ly = 75 ± 6.5 [[光年|kly]] (23 ± 2 [[秒差距|kpc]])<ref name=Belokurov2007/>
| z =
| mass_light_ratio = 3400 (V)<ref name=Simon2011/>
| appmag_v = 13.8 ± 0.5<ref name=Belokurov2007/>
| size_v = 8.8′<ref name=Martin2008/>
| constellation name = [[獅子座]]
| names = Segue 1
}}

'''Segue 1'''是[[史隆數位巡天]]在2006年於[[獅子座]]發現的一個[[矮橢球星系]]或[[球狀星團]] <ref name=Belokurov2007>{{Cite journal | last1 = Belokurov | first1 = V. | last2 = Zucker | first2 = D. B. | last3 = Evans | first3 = N. W. | last4 = Kleyna | first4 = J. T. | last5 = Koposov | first5 = S. | last6 = Hodgkin | first6 = S. T. | last7 = Irwin | first7 = M. J. | last8 = Gilmore | first8 = G. |authorlink8 = Gerard F. Gilmore| last9 = Wilkinson | first9 = M. I. | last10 = Fellhauer | doi = 10.1086/509718 | first10 = M. | last11 = Bramich | first11 = D. M. | last12 = Hewett | first12 = P. C. | last13 = Vidrih | first13 = S. | last14 = De Jong | first14 = J. T. A. | last15 = Smith | first15 = J. A. | last16 = Rix | first16 = H. ‐W. | last17 = Bell | first17 = E. F. | last18 = Wyse | first18 = R. F. G. | last19 = Newberg | first19 = H. J. | last20 = Mayeur | first20 = P. A. | last21 = Yanny | first21 = B. | last22 = Rockosi | first22 = C. M. | last23 = Gnedin | first23 = O. Y. | last24 = Schneider | first24 = D. P. | last25 = Beers | first25 = T. C. | last26 = Barentine | first26 = J. C. | last27 = Brewington | first27 = H. | last28 = Brinkmann | first28 = J. | last29 = Harvanek | first29 = M. | last30 = Kleinman | first30 = S. J. | title = Cats and Dogs, Hair and a Hero: A Quintet of New Milky Way Companions | url = https://archive.org/details/sim_astrophysical-journal_2007-01-10_654_2/page/896 | journal = The Astrophysical Journal | volume = 654 | issue = 2 | pages = 897 | year = 2007 | pmid = | pmc = |arxiv = astro-ph/0608448 |bibcode = 2007ApJ...654..897B }}</ref>。它在距離太陽約23,000秒差距之處，以206Km/s的相對速度移動<ref name=Belokurov2007/><ref name=Geha2009>{{cite journal | title = The Least-Luminous Galaxy: Spectroscopy of the Milky Way Satellite Segue 1 | url = https://archive.org/details/sim_astrophysical-journal_2009-02-20_692_2/page/1464 | author = Geha, Marla | author2 = Willman, Beth | author3 = Simon, Joshua D. | author4 = Strigari, Louis E. | author5 = Kirby, Evan N. | author6 = Law, David R. | author7 = Strader, Jay | journal = [[The Astrophysical Journal]] | volume = 692 | issue = 2 | pages = 1464–1475 | date =2009 | doi = 10.1088/0004-637X/692/2/1464 | bibcode = 2009ApJ...692.1464G|arxiv=0809.2781 }}</ref>。Segue 1的外觀有值得注意的長度比（大約是2：1），形狀與[[有效半徑|半光度半徑]]大約是30秒差距<ref name=Belokurov2007/><ref name=Martin2008>{{Cite journal | last1 = Martin | first1 = N. F. | last2 = De Jong | first2 = J. T. A. | last3 = Rix | first3 = H. W. | doi = 10.1086/590336 | title = A Comprehensive Maximum Likelihood Analysis of the Structural Properties of Faint Milky Way Satellites | url = https://archive.org/details/sim_astrophysical-journal_2008-09-10_684_2/page/1074 | journal = The Astrophysical Journal | volume = 684 | issue = 2 | pages = 1075 | year = 2008 | pmid = | pmc =| ref =CITEREFMartinDe_JongRix2008|arxiv = 0805.2945 |bibcode = 2008ApJ...684.1075M }}</ref>。如果Segue 1現在正受到潮汐力的擾亂，這種拉長的比率可能是銀河的潮汐力造成的<ref name=Niederste-Ostholt2009/>。

== 性質 ==
Segue 1是[[銀河系]]最小和曾經是最黯淡的[[衛星星系|銀河衛星星系]]。它的集成光度大約是太陽的300倍（絕對[[視星等]]大約是-1.5等）{{#tag:ref|來自其它來源的絕對星等從-1.6至-3.0<ref name=Belokurov2007/><ref name=Niederste-Ostholt2009/>|group=note}}，這樣的光度還比不上一個典型的[[球狀星團]] <ref name=Belokurov2007/><ref name=Martin2008/>。觀測顯示它的質量約為60萬[[太陽質量]]，這意味著Segue 1的[[質光比]]是3400<ref name=Simon2011/>。在2011年之前，Segue 1是已知的所有星系中質光比最高的<ref name=Simon2011/>。如此高的質光比，意味著它的主要成分可能是[[暗物質]]。但是，因為前景有值得注意的汙染，會增加速度色散，因此很難估計這種暗弱天體的質量。此外，任何的質量估計都基於一個隱含的假設：引力束縛的天體，但在分裂或瓦解過程中的天體，這未必是真實的<ref name=Niederste-Ostholt2009>{{cite journal|last=Niederste-Ostholt|first=M.|title=The Origin of Segue 1|date=2009|journal=[[Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society]]|volume=398|issue=4|pages=1771–1781|doi=10.1111/j.1365-2966.2009.15287.x |bibcode=2009MNRAS.398.1771N|arxiv=0906.3669|author2=Belokurov, V.|last3=Evans|first3=N. W.|display-authors=2|last4=Gilmore|first4=G.|last5=Wyse|first5=R. F. G.|last6=Norris|first6=J.E.}}</ref>。

Segue 1的恆星族群主要是在120億年前形成的老年恆星<ref name=Niederste-Ostholt2009/>。這些老年恆星的金屬量也都非常低，在{{nowrap|<nowiki>[Fe/H]</nowiki> ≈ −2.5 ± 0.8}}，這意味著太陽的重元素含量是這些恆星的300倍<ref name=Simon2011/>。目前在Segue 1沒有新的恆星在形成。迄今尚為能在其中檢測到[[21公分線|中性氫]] －－上限為太陽質量的13倍<ref name=Grcevich2009>{{Cite journal | last1 = Grcevich | first1 = J. | last2 = Putman | first2 = M. E. | doi = 10.1088/0004-637X/696/1/385 | title = H I in Local Group Dwarf Galaxies and Stripping by the Galactic Halo | url = https://archive.org/details/sim_astrophysical-journal_2009-05-01_696_1/page/384 | journal = The Astrophysical Journal | volume = 696 | pages = 385 | year = 2009 | pmid = | pmc = |arxiv = 0901.4975 |bibcode = 2009ApJ...696..385G }}</ref>。估計在其中大約有1000顆左右的恆星，其中有7顆被發現是在[[紅巨星]]的階段。Segue 1的化學成分顯示在這個星系形成後，沒有大量的化學演化；配合這個現象的想法是它可能只經歷過一次恆星形成的爆炸，因而可能是早期宇宙倖存下來的化石星系<ref>{{cite news |url= http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2014/05/140501132632.htm |title= Nearby galaxy is a 'fossil' from the early universe |publisher= Science Daily |date= 1 May 2014 |accessdate= 2017-01-25 |archive-date= 2018-05-28 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20180528185351/https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2014/05/140501132632.htm |dead-url= no }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2014/05/140510-fossil-galaxy-astronomy-science-space-stars/ |title=news.nationalgeographic.com 2014-05-1 Fossil Galaxy |accessdate=2017-01-25 |archive-date=2017-07-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170712020007/http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2014/05/140510-fossil-galaxy-astronomy-science-space-stars/ |dead-url=no }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://iopscience.iop.org/0004-637X/786/1/74/article?fromSearchPage=true |title=The Astrophysical Journal 2014-04-16 Segue 1: An Unevolved Fossil Galaxy from the Early Universe |accessdate=2017-01-25 |archive-date=2020-04-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200404182308/http://iopscience.iop.org/0004-637X/786/1/74/article?fromSearchPage=true |dead-url=no }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://arxiv.org/pdf/1403.6116v1.pdf |title=http://arxiv.org/pdf/1403.6116v1.pdf SEGUE 1: AN UNEVOLVED FOSSIL GALAXY FROM THE EARLY UNIVERSE |accessdate=2017-01-25 |archive-date=2017-10-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171020135239/https://arxiv.org/pdf/1403.6116v1.pdf |dead-url=no }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://arxiv.org/abs/1403.6116 |title=Cornell University 2014-03-24 Segue 1: An Unevolved Fossil Galaxy from the Early Universe |accessdate=2017-01-25 |archive-date=2017-02-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170202234251/https://arxiv.org/abs/1403.6116 |dead-url=no }}</ref>。

Segue 1位於和太陽有著相同距離的[[人馬座星流]]之中。它可能曾經是[[人馬座矮橢球星系]]中的一個[[球狀星團]]，之後受到銀河系[[潮汐力]]而被剝離了<ref name=Niederste-Ostholt2009/>。然而，最近研究的結論認為Segue 1與人馬座星流沒有實際上的關聯，它不是被潮汐剝離的<ref name=Simon2011>{{Cite journal | last1 = Simon | first1 = J. D. | last2 = Geha | first2 = M. | last3 = Minor | first3 = Q. E. | last4 = Martinez | first4 = G. D. | last5 = Kirby | first5 = E. N. | last6 = Bullock | first6 = J. S. | last7 = Kaplinghat | first7 = M. | last8 = Strigari | first8 = L. E. | last9 = Willman | first9 = B. | last10 = Choi | first10 = P. I. | last11 = Tollerud | first11 = E. J. | last12 = Wolf | first12 = J. | title = A Complete Spectroscopic Survey of the Milky Way Satellite Segue 1: The Darkest Galaxy | doi = 10.1088/0004-637X/733/1/46 | journal = The Astrophysical Journal | volume = 733 | pages = 46 | year = 2011 | pmid = | pmc = |arxiv = 1007.4198 |bibcode = 2011ApJ...733...46S }}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal | last1 = Martinez | first1 = G. D. | last2 = Minor | first2 = Q. E. | last3 = Bullock | first3 = J. | last4 = Kaplinghat | first4 = M. | last5 = Simon | first5 = J. D. | last6 = Geha | first6 = M. | doi = 10.1088/0004-637X/738/1/55 | title = A Complete Spectroscopic Survey of the Milky Way Satellite Segue 1: Dark Matter Content, Stellar Membership, and Binary Properties from a Bayesian Analysis | journal = The Astrophysical Journal | volume = 738 | pages = 55 | year = 2011 | pmid = | pmc = |arxiv = 1008.4585 |bibcode = 2011ApJ...738...55M }}</ref>。如果Segue 1在過去是一個星系，它可能是人馬座矮橢球星系的衛星星系<ref name=Geha2009/>。

在2025年發表的作品中<ref name="Lujan2025">{{cite journal |last1=Lujan |first1=Nathaniel |last2=Gebhardt |first2=Karl |last3=Anantua |first3=Richard |last4=Chase |first4=Owen |last5=Debski |first5=Maya H. |last6=Finley |first6=Claire |last7=Gomez |first7=Loraine V. |last8=Gupta |first8=Om |last9=Lawson |first9=Alex J. |last10=Marron |first10=Izabella |last11=Martinez |first11=Zorayda |last12=Painter |first12=Connor A. |last13=Sklansky |first13=Yonatan |last14=West |first14=Hayley |title=Modeling the "Dark-matter Dominated" Dwarf Galaxy Segue 1 with a Supermassive Black Hole |journal=The Astrophysical Journal Letters |date=20 October 2025 |volume=992 |issue=2 |pages=L25 |doi=10.3847/2041-8213/ae0b4f |bibcode=2025ApJ...992L..25L |doi-access=free }}</ref>，作者主張Segue 1的恆星動力學最好以中心一個質量為{{val|4.5|1.5|e=5|u={{太陽質量}}}}來建模，而非暗物質。這個點狀質量被解釋為一個[[超大質量黑洞]]。

== 註解 ==
{{reflist|group=note}}

== 參考資料 ==
{{Reflist|30em}}

== 外部連結 ==
*{{cite web|url=http://keckobservatory.org/news/found_heart_of_darkness/|title=Found:Heart of Darkness|publisher=W.M. Keck Observatory|accessdate=4 November 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160310151756/http://keckobservatory.org/news/found_heart_of_darkness|archive-date=2016-03-10|dead-url=yes}}

{{銀河}}

[[Category:本星系群]]
[[Category:銀河系次集團]]
[[Category:矮橢球星系]]
[[Category:獅子座]]

Segue 1 - 版本历史

imported>凌雲：​/* 性質 */ 內容擴充

imported>凌雲：/* 性質 */ 內容擴充