imported>GriefCrow：增加或调整内部链接

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{{宇航信息框
|name=STS-104
|image=STS104 Atlantis Docked ISS.jpg
|image_caption=亚特兰蒂斯号停靠在国际空间站上的命运实验室，taken from atop the P6 truss during an EVA
|mission_type=ISS assembly
|operator=[[NASA]]
|COSPAR_ID=2001-028A
|SATCAT=26862
|mission_duration=12天18小时36分钟39秒
|distance_travelled={{convert|8500000|km}}
|orbits_completed=200
|spacecraft={{OV|104}}
|launch_mass={{convert|117129|kg}}
|landing_mass={{convert|94009|kg}}
|payload_mass={{convert|8241|kg}}
|crew_size=5人
|crew_members={{le|史蒂夫·林赛|Steven W. Lindsey}}{{refn|group="译注"|译名参考自人民网<ref>{{cite news |author1=徐丹 |title=发现号宇航员：史蒂夫·林赛 |url=http://scitech.people.com.cn/GB/25509/55912/66873/66896/4532225.html |accessdate=2018-09-02 |work=www.people.com.cn |date=2006-06-26 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140710045606/http://scitech.people.com.cn/GB/25509/55912/66873/66896/4532225.html |archivedate=2014-07-10 |language=zh-CN |quote=史蒂夫·林赛（Steven Lindsey）指挥官…… |dead-url=no }}</ref>}} [[Charles O. Hobaugh]] [[迈克尔·格恩哈特]] [[Janet L. Kavandi]] [[James F. Reilly]]
|crew_EVAs=3次
|crew_EVA_duration=16小时30分钟
|launch_date={{start-date|12 July 2001, 09:04|timezone=yes}} UTC
|launch_site=[[Kennedy Space Center|Kennedy]] [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39B]]
|landing_date={{end-date|25 July 2001, 03:38
|timezone=yes}} UTC
|landing_site=[[Kennedy Space Center|Kennedy]] [[Shuttle Landing Facility|SLF Runway 15]]
|orbit_reference=[[geocentric orbit|Geocentric]]
|orbit_regime=[[Low Earth orbit|Low Earth]]
|orbit_periapsis={{convert|372|km}}
|orbit_apoapsis={{convert|390|km}}
|orbit_inclination=51.6 degrees
|orbit_period=92.2 minutes
|apsis=gee
|docking=
{{Infobox spaceflight/Dock
|docking_target = [[International Space Station|ISS]]
|docking_type = dock
|docking_port = [[PMA-2]] ([[Destiny (ISS module)|Destiny]] forward)
|docking_date = 14 July 2001 03:08 UTC
|undocking_date = 22 July 2001 04:54 UTC
|time_docked = 8 days, 1 hour, 46 minutes
}}
|insignia=Sts-104-patch.png
|crew_photo=STS-104 crew.jpg
|crew_photo_caption=Left to right: Seated - Charles O. Hobaugh, Steven W. Lindsey; Standing - Michael L. Gernhardt, Janet L. Kavandi, James F. Reilly
|programme=[[Space Shuttle program]]
|previous_mission=[[STS-100]]
|next_mission=[[STS-105]]
}}

'''STS-104'''是[[航天飞机]]飞往[[国际空间站]]的亚特兰提斯号太空梭飞行任务。其主要目标是安装[[寻求号气密舱]]并帮助在国际空间站进行维护。本次任务是成功的，并且在成功的对接、设备安装和三次太空行走之后，它成功地返回了地球。

== 任务成员 ==
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="margin-bottom: 10px;"
! id="179" style="width:150px;" |位置
! colspan="2" id="182" scope="col" style="width:200px;" |宇航员
|- id="184"
! id="185" scope="row" |指令长
| colspan="2" id="187" |史蒂夫·林赛 第三次太空飞行
|- id="190"
! id="191" scope="row" |驾驶员
| colspan="2" id="193" |查尔斯O.Hobaugh 第一次太空飞行
|- id="196"
! id="197" scope="row" |任务专家1
| colspan="2" id="199" |[[迈克尔·格恩哈特]] 第四次太空飞行
|- id="202"
! id="203" scope="row" |任务专家2
| colspan="2" id="205" |珍妮特*L.Kavandi 第三次太空飞行
|- id="208"
! id="209" scope="row" |任务专家3
| colspan="2" id="211" |詹姆斯*F*赖利 第二次太空飞行
|}

== 任务亮点 ==
[[File:STS-104_launch.jpg|右|缩略图|STS-104任务中亚特兰蒂斯号航天飞机发射。]]
这次飞行的主要目的是交付和安装[[寻求号气密舱]]。寻求号气密舱是一种加压飞行元件，由两个圆柱形的舱室连接在一起，由一个连接舱壁和舱门。一旦安装并启动，国际空间站气闸就成为国际空间站太空行走进出美国宇航服的主要路径，这种航天服被称为{{le|舱外移动单元|Extravehicular Mobility Unit}}{{refn|group="译注"|译名参考自腾讯网<ref>{{cite news |author1=金鹿 |title=图解NASA太空服60年变迁史未来太空服像八脚蜘蛛_科技_腾讯网 |url=http://tech.qq.com/a/20180319/026534.htm |accessdate=2018-09-02 |work=tech.qq.com |date=2018-03-19 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180902023857/http://tech.qq.com/a/20180319/026534.htm |archivedate=2018-09-02 |language=zh-CN |quote=6.舱外移动单元(Extravehicular Mobility Unit，1983年至今)…… |dead-url=no }}</ref>}}，即EMU。此外，寻求号气密舱的设计也支持俄罗斯的[[奥兰太空服]]进行EVA活动。

寻求号气密舱长20英尺(6.1米)，直径13英尺(4.0米)，重6.5短吨(5.9公吨)。它是由空间站的马歇尔太空飞行中心承建商[[波音公司]]建造的。寻求号气密舱有两个主要部件：一个机组气闸和一个设备气密舱，用于存储EVA齿轮和EVA的预飞前装置。STS-104还携带一个带有四个高压气体组装容器的空间托盘，这些集装箱附在气闸外部。

任务专家迈克尔·格恩哈特和James Reilly进行了三次太空行走，亚特兰提斯号太空梭被停靠在国际空间站。他们总共在外面呆了16个小时30分钟。在第一次太空行走中，格恩哈特和Reilly协助安装了气密舱。在第二次和第三次舱外行走中，他们将工作重点放在四个高压气罐、扶手和其他重要设备的外部装备上。第三次太空行走是从寻求号气密舱本体进行的。<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://spaceflight.nasa.gov/shuttle/archives/sts-104/|title=Giving the space station a doorway to space|publisher=NASA|language=en|accessdate=2018-09-01|archive-date=2019-04-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190419051202/https://spaceflight.nasa.gov/shuttle/archives/sts-104/|dead-url=no}}</ref>

STS-104是由五名宇航员编组的最后一次航天飞机任务。此后所有成功的任务都有6或7名任务成员（不包括最后一次任务[[STS-135]]，仅有4名任务成员）。

=== 搭载Block II SSME的第一次飞行 ===
STS-104是第一次搭载“Block II”[[航天飞机主发动机|SSME]]飞行的航天飞机飞行任务。发射后分析表明，发动机关闭时发生了异常现象。2001年11月，[[STS-108]]任务确定了原因，并验证了缓解办法。<ref>{{cite web|bibcode=2002STIN...0305846G|title=Understanding and Resolution of the Block 2 SSME, STS-104 Engine Shutdown Pressure Surge In-Flight Anomaly|author1=Greene, William D.|url=http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2002STIN...0305846G|author2=Kynard, Michael H.|publisher=Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory|language=en|year=2002|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160107005212/http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2002STIN...0305846G|accessdate=2018-09-02|archivedate=2016-01-07|dead-url=no}}</ref>

== 太空行走 ==

* '''格恩哈特和Reilly''' – EVA 1
* '''EVA 1开始：'''2001年7月15日 – 03:10 UTC
* '''EVA 1结束：'''2001年7月15日 – 09:09 UTC
* '''持续时长：'''5小时59分钟
* '''格恩哈特和Reilly''' – EVA 2
* '''EVA 2开始：'''2001年7月18日 – 03:04 UTC
* '''EVA 2结束：'''2001年7月18日 – 09:33 UTC
* '''持续时长：'''6小时29分钟
* '''格恩哈特和Reilly''' – EVA 3
* '''EVA 3开始：'''2001年7月21日 – 04:35 UTC
* '''EVA 3结束：'''2001年7月21日 – 08:37 UTC
* '''持续时长：'''4小时02分钟

[[File:STS-104_Payload_Bay_view.jpg|居中|缩略图|600x600像素|在接近国际空间站的过程中，STS-104的有效载荷舱被电视摄像机拍摄，没有对这一事件进行静态摄影]]

== 唤醒铃声 ==
在[[双子座计划]]期间，美国宇航局开始了向宇航员演奏音乐的传统，这项计划最初是在[[阿波罗15号]]的时候用来唤醒宇航员的<ref name="chronology">{{cite news| first = Colin| last = Fries| title = Chronology of Wakeup Calls| date = 2007-06-25| publisher = NASA| url = https://history.nasa.gov/wakeup%20calls.pdf| format = PDF| accessdate = 2007-08-13| deadurl = yes| archiveurl = https://www.webcitation.org/5qa43IOoy?url=http://history.nasa.gov/wakeup%20calls.pdf| archivedate = 2010-06-18}}</ref>。每首曲子都是特别选取的，通常是由成员组的家人选择的，对成员组中的个别成员有特殊的意义，或者适用于他们的日常活动<ref name="chronology" /><ref name="wakeup">{{cite web| url = http://spaceflight.nasa.gov/gallery/audio/shuttle/sts-104/html/ndxpage1.html| title = STS-104 Wakeup Calls| accessdate = 2009-07-31| publisher = NASA| date = 2009-05-11| author = NASA| archive-date = 2015-05-07| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20150507000201/http://spaceflight.nasa.gov/gallery/audio/shuttle/sts-104/html/ndxpage1.html| dead-url = no}}</ref>。
{| class="wikitable" style="margin-bottom: 10px;"
!任务日
!歌曲
!艺术家/组合
!链接
|-
|第2日
|"Wallace Courts Murron"
|[[勇敢的心|Braveheart]] Soundtrack
|[http://spaceflight.nasa.gov/gallery/audio/shuttle/sts-104/wave/fd02.wav wav]{{Wayback|url=http://spaceflight.nasa.gov/gallery/audio/shuttle/sts-104/wave/fd02.wav |date=20121013142255 }} [http://spaceflight.nasa.gov/gallery/audio/shuttle/sts-104/netshow/fd02.asf NetShow]{{Wayback|url=http://spaceflight.nasa.gov/gallery/audio/shuttle/sts-104/netshow/fd02.asf |date=20121013144020 }} [http://spaceflight.nasa.gov/gallery/audio/shuttle/sts-104/realaudio/fd02.rm RealAudio]{{Wayback|url=http://spaceflight.nasa.gov/gallery/audio/shuttle/sts-104/realaudio/fd02.rm |date=20121013142614 }}
|-
|第3日
|"God of Wonders"
|Caedmons Call
|[http://spaceflight.nasa.gov/gallery/audio/shuttle/sts-104/wave/fd03.wav wav]{{Wayback|url=http://spaceflight.nasa.gov/gallery/audio/shuttle/sts-104/wave/fd03.wav |date=20121013142421 }} [http://spaceflight.nasa.gov/gallery/audio/shuttle/sts-104/netshow/fd03.asf NetShow]{{Wayback|url=http://spaceflight.nasa.gov/gallery/audio/shuttle/sts-104/netshow/fd03.asf |date=20121013142552 }} [http://spaceflight.nasa.gov/gallery/audio/shuttle/sts-104/realaudio/fd03.rm RealAudio]{{Wayback|url=http://spaceflight.nasa.gov/gallery/audio/shuttle/sts-104/realaudio/fd03.rm |date=20121013190805 }}
|-
|第4日
|"Space Cowboy"
|[[超級男孩|'N Sync]]
|[http://spaceflight.nasa.gov/gallery/audio/shuttle/sts-104/wave/fd04.wav wav]{{Wayback|url=http://spaceflight.nasa.gov/gallery/audio/shuttle/sts-104/wave/fd04.wav |date=20121013141904 }} [http://spaceflight.nasa.gov/gallery/audio/shuttle/sts-104/netshow/fd04.asf NetShow]{{Wayback|url=http://spaceflight.nasa.gov/gallery/audio/shuttle/sts-104/netshow/fd04.asf |date=20121013142019 }} [http://spaceflight.nasa.gov/gallery/audio/shuttle/sts-104/realaudio/fd04.rm RealAudio]{{Wayback|url=http://spaceflight.nasa.gov/gallery/audio/shuttle/sts-104/realaudio/fd04.rm |date=20121013142414 }}
|-
|第5日
|"[[No Woman, No Cry]]"
|[[巴布·馬利|Bob Marley]]
|[http://spaceflight.nasa.gov/gallery/audio/shuttle/sts-104/wave/fd05.wav wav]{{Wayback|url=http://spaceflight.nasa.gov/gallery/audio/shuttle/sts-104/wave/fd05.wav |date=20121013143105 }} [http://spaceflight.nasa.gov/gallery/audio/shuttle/sts-104/netshow/fd05.asf NetShow]{{Wayback|url=http://spaceflight.nasa.gov/gallery/audio/shuttle/sts-104/netshow/fd05.asf |date=20121013190727 }} [http://spaceflight.nasa.gov/gallery/audio/shuttle/sts-104/realaudio/fd05.rm RealAudio]{{Wayback|url=http://spaceflight.nasa.gov/gallery/audio/shuttle/sts-104/realaudio/fd05.rm |date=20121013190735 }}
|-
|第6日
|"Nobody Does it Better"
|[[Carly Simon]], from [[The Spy Who Loved Me (soundtrack)|The Spy Who Loved Me]] soundtrack
|[http://spaceflight.nasa.gov/gallery/audio/shuttle/sts-104/wave/fd06.wav wav]{{Wayback|url=http://spaceflight.nasa.gov/gallery/audio/shuttle/sts-104/wave/fd06.wav |date=20121013143954 }} [http://spaceflight.nasa.gov/gallery/audio/shuttle/sts-104/netshow/fd06.asf NetShow]{{Wayback|url=http://spaceflight.nasa.gov/gallery/audio/shuttle/sts-104/netshow/fd06.asf |date=20121013142202 }} [http://spaceflight.nasa.gov/gallery/audio/shuttle/sts-104/realaudio/fd06.rm RealAudio]{{Wayback|url=http://spaceflight.nasa.gov/gallery/audio/shuttle/sts-104/realaudio/fd06.rm |date=20121013142543 }}
|-
|第7日
|"Happy Birthday, Darling"
|[[Conway Twitty]]
|[http://spaceflight.nasa.gov/gallery/audio/shuttle/sts-104/wave/fd07.wav wav]{{Wayback|url=http://spaceflight.nasa.gov/gallery/audio/shuttle/sts-104/wave/fd07.wav |date=20121013143851 }} [http://spaceflight.nasa.gov/gallery/audio/shuttle/sts-104/netshow/fd07.asf NetShow]{{Wayback|url=http://spaceflight.nasa.gov/gallery/audio/shuttle/sts-104/netshow/fd07.asf |date=20121013190809 }} [http://spaceflight.nasa.gov/gallery/audio/shuttle/sts-104/realaudio/fd07.rm RealAudio]{{Wayback|url=http://spaceflight.nasa.gov/gallery/audio/shuttle/sts-104/realaudio/fd07.rm |date=20121013142225 }}
|-
|第8日
|"[[All I Wanna Do (Sheryl Crow song)|All I Wanna Do]]"
|[[雪瑞兒·可洛|Sheryl Crow]]
|[http://spaceflight.nasa.gov/gallery/audio/shuttle/sts-104/wave/fd08.wav wav]{{Wayback|url=http://spaceflight.nasa.gov/gallery/audio/shuttle/sts-104/wave/fd08.wav |date=20121013143826 }} [http://spaceflight.nasa.gov/gallery/audio/shuttle/sts-104/netshow/fd08.asf NetShow]{{Wayback|url=http://spaceflight.nasa.gov/gallery/audio/shuttle/sts-104/netshow/fd08.asf |date=20121013142603 }} [http://spaceflight.nasa.gov/gallery/audio/shuttle/sts-104/realaudio/fd08.rm RealAudio]{{Wayback|url=http://spaceflight.nasa.gov/gallery/audio/shuttle/sts-104/realaudio/fd08.rm |date=20121013142239 }}
|-
|第9日
|"A Time to Dance"
|Space Center Intermediate School Symphonic Band
|[http://spaceflight.nasa.gov/gallery/audio/shuttle/sts-104/wave/fd09.wav wav]{{Wayback|url=http://spaceflight.nasa.gov/gallery/audio/shuttle/sts-104/wave/fd09.wav |date=20121013142027 }} [http://spaceflight.nasa.gov/gallery/audio/shuttle/sts-104/netshow/fd09.asf NetShow]{{Wayback|url=http://spaceflight.nasa.gov/gallery/audio/shuttle/sts-104/netshow/fd09.asf |date=20121013142928 }} [http://spaceflight.nasa.gov/gallery/audio/shuttle/sts-104/realaudio/fd09.rm RealAudio]{{Wayback|url=http://spaceflight.nasa.gov/gallery/audio/shuttle/sts-104/realaudio/fd09.rm |date=20121013142246 }}
|-
|第10日
| "[[I Could Write a Book]]"
| [[Harry Connick Jr.]], from the soundtrack to [[When Harry Met Sally]]
| [http://spaceflight.nasa.gov/gallery/audio/shuttle/sts-104/wave/fd10.wav wav]{{Wayback|url=http://spaceflight.nasa.gov/gallery/audio/shuttle/sts-104/wave/fd10.wav |date=20121013143031 }} [http://spaceflight.nasa.gov/gallery/audio/shuttle/sts-104/netshow/fd10.asf NetShow]{{Wayback|url=http://spaceflight.nasa.gov/gallery/audio/shuttle/sts-104/netshow/fd10.asf |date=20121013142335 }} [http://spaceflight.nasa.gov/gallery/audio/shuttle/sts-104/realaudio/fd10.rm RealAudio]{{Wayback|url=http://spaceflight.nasa.gov/gallery/audio/shuttle/sts-104/realaudio/fd10.rm |date=20121013142111 }}
|-
|第11日
|"[[Who Let the Dogs Out?]]"
|[[The Baha Boys]]
|[http://spaceflight.nasa.gov/gallery/audio/shuttle/sts-104/wave/fd11.wav wav]{{Wayback|url=http://spaceflight.nasa.gov/gallery/audio/shuttle/sts-104/wave/fd11.wav |date=20121013142345 }} [http://spaceflight.nasa.gov/gallery/audio/shuttle/sts-104/netshow/fd11.asf NetShow]{{Wayback|url=http://spaceflight.nasa.gov/gallery/audio/shuttle/sts-104/netshow/fd11.asf |date=20121013143948 }} [http://spaceflight.nasa.gov/gallery/audio/shuttle/sts-104/realaudio/fd11.rm RealAudio]{{Wayback|url=http://spaceflight.nasa.gov/gallery/audio/shuttle/sts-104/realaudio/fd11.rm |date=20121013143821 }}
|-
|第12日
|"[[Orinoco Flow]]"
|[[恩雅|Enya]]
|[http://spaceflight.nasa.gov/gallery/audio/shuttle/sts-104/wave/fd12.wav wav]{{Wayback|url=http://spaceflight.nasa.gov/gallery/audio/shuttle/sts-104/wave/fd12.wav |date=20121013141941 }} [http://spaceflight.nasa.gov/gallery/audio/shuttle/sts-104/netshow/fd12.asf NetShow]{{Wayback|url=http://spaceflight.nasa.gov/gallery/audio/shuttle/sts-104/netshow/fd12.asf |date=20121013144013 }} [http://spaceflight.nasa.gov/gallery/audio/shuttle/sts-104/realaudio/fd12.rm RealAudio]{{Wayback|url=http://spaceflight.nasa.gov/gallery/audio/shuttle/sts-104/realaudio/fd12.rm |date=20121013190800 }}
|-
|第13日
|"[[Honey, I'm Home]]"
|[[仙妮亞·唐恩|Shania Twain]]
|[http://spaceflight.nasa.gov/gallery/audio/shuttle/sts-104/wave/fd13.wav wav]{{Wayback|url=http://spaceflight.nasa.gov/gallery/audio/shuttle/sts-104/wave/fd13.wav |date=20121013144032 }} [http://spaceflight.nasa.gov/gallery/audio/shuttle/sts-104/netshow/fd13.asf NetShow]{{Wayback|url=http://spaceflight.nasa.gov/gallery/audio/shuttle/sts-104/netshow/fd13.asf |date=20121013143907 }} [http://spaceflight.nasa.gov/gallery/audio/shuttle/sts-104/realaudio/fd13.rm RealAudio]{{Wayback|url=http://spaceflight.nasa.gov/gallery/audio/shuttle/sts-104/realaudio/fd13.rm |date=20121013143920 }}
|-
|第14日
|"Hold Back the Rain"
|[[杜蘭杜蘭|Duran Duran]]
|[http://spaceflight.nasa.gov/gallery/audio/shuttle/sts-104/wave/fd14.wav wav]{{Wayback|url=http://spaceflight.nasa.gov/gallery/audio/shuttle/sts-104/wave/fd14.wav |date=20121013190742 }} [http://spaceflight.nasa.gov/gallery/audio/shuttle/sts-104/netshow/fd14.asf NetShow]{{Wayback|url=http://spaceflight.nasa.gov/gallery/audio/shuttle/sts-104/netshow/fd14.asf |date=20121013142121 }} [http://spaceflight.nasa.gov/gallery/audio/shuttle/sts-104/realaudio/fd14.rm RealAudio]{{Wayback|url=http://spaceflight.nasa.gov/gallery/audio/shuttle/sts-104/realaudio/fd14.rm |date=20121013143925 }}
|}

== 另见 ==

* [[載人航天飛行列表|人类太空飞行列表]]
* [[国际空间站舱外活动列表|国际空间站太空行走列表]]
* [[太空梭任務列表|航天飞机任务列表]]
* [[艙外活動列表 (1965年至1999年)|1965年到1999年太空行走和月球行走列表]]
* [[空间科学|空间科学概述]]

== 参考文献 ==
{{Include-NASA}}{{reflist}}
===译注===
{{reflist|group="译注"|2}}

== 外部链接 ==

* [https://web.archive.org/web/20160810135739/http://science.ksc.nasa.gov/shuttle/missions/sts-104/mission-sts-104.html 美国航空航天局的任务摘要]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20171006035140/http://www.nss.org/resources/library/shuttlevideos/shuttle105.htm STS-104视频亮点]

{{亚特兰蒂斯号航天飞机}}
{{Manned ISS flight}}
{{2001年轨道发射任务}}

[[Category:航天飞机任务]]
[[Category:2001年发射的太空飞行器]]

STS-104 - 版本历史

imported>GriefCrow：​增加或调整内部链接

imported>GriefCrow：增加或调整内部链接