imported>運命カエル：/* 使用者 */

2026-05-07T00:49:47Z

使用者

新页面

{{Infobox Weapon
| name = SIG Sauer MG 338
| image =
| image_size =
| caption =
| origin = {{USA}}
| type = [[通用機槍]]<br />[[中型機槍]]
| is_ranged = Yes
| service =
| wars = [[加薩戰爭]]
| manufacturer = [[西格&紹爾]]
| weight = {{convert|21.4|lb|kg}}
| length = {{convert|50|in|mm|abbr=on}}
| part_length = {{convert|24|in|mm|abbr=on}}
| cartridge = {{tsl|en|.338 Norma Magnum|.338諾瑪麥格農}}
| caliber =
| action = 短後座衝擊平均（Short Recoil Impulse Averaging）
| rate = 600發／分鐘
| velocity = {{convert|2650|ft/s|m/s|abbr=on}}
| range = {{convert|1860|yd|m|abbr=off|sp=us}}
| max_range = {{convert|6170|yd|m|abbr=off|sp=us}}
| mode = [[半自动枪|半自動]]、[[自動火器|全自動]]，可[[可选射击模式枪械|選射]]
| feed = 50或100發[[彈鏈]]
| sights = 透過在[[機匣]]頂部的[[皮卡汀尼導軌]]安裝各種照準器
}}

'''SIG Sauer MG 338'''，原名為'''SIG Sauer MG 338'''，是一種使用{{tsl|en|.338 Norma Magnum|.338諾瑪麥格農}}子彈的[[中型機槍]]，由[[西格&紹爾]]公司生產。<ref name="SIG">{{Cite web |title=Defense Machine Guns |url=https://www.sigsauer.com/defense-machine-guns |access-date=2025-07-31 |website=www.sigsauer.com}}</ref>

== 歷史 ==
2017年，[[美國特種作戰司令部]]（SOCOM）發佈了對一款.338諾瑪麥格農口徑機槍的徵求計畫。<ref name="Guns.com">{{Cite web |last=Eger |first=Chris |title=USSOCOM TAKES DELIVERY OF NEW SIG SAUER MG 338 MACHINE GUN |url=https://www.guns.com/news/2020/01/16/ussocom-takes-delivery-of-new-sig-sauer-mg-338-machine-gun |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200117021222/https://www.guns.com/news/2020/01/16/ussocom-takes-delivery-of-new-sig-sauer-mg-338-machine-gun |archive-date=2020年1月17日 |access-date=2023-03-22 |website=Guns.com}}</ref> 這是為了在[[5.56×45mm NATO]]與[[7.62×51mm NATO]]相較[[7.62×54mmR]]時，能取得火力優勢。<ref name="overmatch">{{Cite web |title=SOCOM Looks to Overmatch Enemies with .338 NM Machine Gun |url=https://www.thefirearmblog.com/blog/2017/05/22/socom-overmatch-enemies-338-nm/ |website=The Firearm Blog |date=2017-05-22 |access-date=2023-03-22}}</ref>

MG 338設計時重量與[[M240通用機槍|M240]]接近，但使用.338諾瑪麥格農彈藥時，能提供類似[[.50 BMG]]的終端殺傷力。<ref name="ndia sofic 2020">{{Cite web |title=NDIA SOFIC 2020: SIG Sauer MG 338 Overview |url=https://ndiastorage.blob.core.usgovcloudapi.net/ndia/2020/sofic/ndia-sofic-sig-mg338.pdf |access-date=2023-03-22}}</ref><ref name="sofic 2021">{{Cite web |title=SOFIC 2021 Recap: SIG Sauer MG 338 |url=https://www.sofic.org/2021/sig-sauer-mg338 |access-date=2023-03-22}}</ref>

2018年[[美國特種作戰司令部]]開始採購.338諾瑪麥格農彈藥。<ref name="sofic 2018">{{Cite web |title=SOFIC 2018 Small Arms Updates |url=https://ndiastorage.blob.core.usgovcloudapi.net/ndia/2018/sofic/small-arms-update.pdf |access-date=2023-03-22}}</ref><ref name="SSD small arms prog update">{{Cite web |title=SOCOM Small Arms Program Update |url=https://soldiersystems.net/2018/05/23/socom-small-arms-program-update/ |website=Soldier Systems |date=2018-05-23 |access-date=2023-03-22}}</ref>2019年開始採購武器系統。<ref name="sofic 2019">{{Cite web |title=SOFIC 2019 SIG Sauer Update |url=https://ndiastorage.blob.core.usgovcloudapi.net/ndia/2019/sofic/sig-sauer-update.pdf |access-date=2023-03-22}}</ref> 該槍首次亮相於 2018 年 AUSA 展會。<ref name="SSD MG 338 announce">{{Cite web |title=SIG Sauer Announces MG 338 |url=https://soldiersystems.net/2018/10/10/sig-sauer-announces-mg-338/ |website=Soldier Systems |date=2018-10-10 |access-date=2023-03-22}}</ref>

MG 338的研發同時促成了“新世代班用武器”（NGSW）[[M250轻机枪|XM250]]（口徑為{{tsl|en|.277 Fury|6.8×51mm}}）的設計，該槍可視為MG 338的衍生型。MG 338亦曾被稱為「SL MAG」。<ref name="SSD early hands on try MG 338">{{Cite web |title=Early Hands-On with SIG MG 338 |url=https://soldiersystems.net/2019/01/25/early-hands-on-with-sig-mg-338/ |website=Soldier Systems |date=2019-01-25 |access-date=2023-03-22}}</ref><ref name="MG 338/SLMAG nsn">{{Cite web |title=MG 338/SLMAG Assigned NSN |url=https://soldiersystems.net/2020/02/01/mg338-nsn/ |website=Soldier Systems |date=2020-02-01 |access-date=2023-03-22}}</ref>

2020年，MG 338通過了美軍的安全測試。<ref name="sig mg 338 announce safety cert">{{Cite web |title=SIG MG 338 Receives Safety Certification |url=https://soldiersystems.net/2020/01/15/sig-sauer-mg-338-receives-safety-certification/ |website=Soldier Systems |date=2020-01-15 |access-date=2023-03-22}}</ref> [[美國陸軍]]也有意與 SOCOM 一同採用該槍，<ref>{{Cite web |last=Keller |first=Jared |date=2020-11-07 |title=The Army is on the hunt for a brand new machine gun to replace the M240 |url=https://taskandpurpose.com/news/army-m240-machine-gun-replacement/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210413050602/https://taskandpurpose.com/news/army-m240-machine-gun-replacement/ |archive-date=2021-04-13 |access-date=2023-03-22 |website=Task & Purpose}}</ref> [[美國海軍陸戰隊特種作戰司令部]]（MARSOC）也曾進行評估。<ref name="SSD MARSOC eval MG 338">{{Cite web |title=MARSOC Evaluates SIG MG 338 |url=https://soldiersystems.net/2020/01/16/marsoc-evaluates-sig-mg-338/ |website=Soldier Systems |date=2020-01-16 |access-date=2023-03-22}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=South |first=Todd |last2=Lowe |first2=Christian |date=2020-01-16 |title=MARSOC to evaluate machine gun that could replace both the M240 and .50 caliber ‘Ma Deuce’ |url=https://www.armytimes.com/news/your-army/2020/01/16/marsoc-to-evaluate-machine-gun-that-could-replace-both-the-m240-and-the-50-caliber-ma-deuce/ |archive-url=https://archive.today/20230917175205/https://www.armytimes.com/news/your-army/2020/01/16/marsoc-to-evaluate-machine-gun-that-could-replace-both-the-m240-and-the-50-caliber-ma-deuce/ |archive-date=2023-09-17 |access-date=2023-03-22 |website=Army Times}}</ref>

== 設計 ==
SIG MG 338的主要口徑為{{tsl|en|.338 Norma Magnum|.338諾瑪麥格農}}，有效射程約為1,700公尺，大約是[[7.62×51mm NATO]]有效射程的兩倍，在1,000公尺距離仍能擊穿[[防彈衣性能標準列表|III級防彈衣]]。<ref name="nat interest mg 338 drool">{{Cite web |title=Why the Army Wants the SIG MG 338 |url=https://nationalinterest.org/blog/buzz/why-army-wants-sig-mg-338-151236 |website=The National Interest |date=2020-01-18 |access-date=2023-03-22}}</ref>

MG 338可透過更換槍管、槍機、供彈托盤及供彈蓋，轉換為發射6.8×51mm或7.62×51mm NATO彈藥。<ref name="SSD early hands on try MG 338"/> 重量約為 {{convert|22|lb|kg|0|order=flip}}，明顯低於前代的[[M240通用機槍]]。其操作系統為[[氣動式_(槍械)|短行程導氣活塞]]，具備選射功能，可全自動或半自動射擊。<ref name="here's new mil.com">{{Cite web |last=Cox |first=Matthew |title=Here's the New Light Machine Gun SOCOM Is Evaluating |url=https://www.military.com/daily-news/2020/01/20/heres-new-light-machine-gun-socom-evaluating.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230608082313/https://www.military.com/daily-news/2020/01/20/heres-new-light-machine-gun-socom-evaluating.html |archive-date=2023-06-08 |access-date=2023-03-22 |website=Military.com}}</ref>

MG 338標準配置包括 AR 式握把與摺疊式槍托<ref name="SSD early hands on try MG 338" />，為完全雙手通用設計，可由左側或右側供彈與上膛，便於安裝於不同載具，<ref name="the drive mg 338">{{Cite web |title=The Drive: SIG Sauer’s MG 338 |url=https://www.thedrive.com/the-war-zone/31828/sig-sauers-new-338-nm-machine-gun |website=The Drive |date=2020-01-17 |access-date=2023-03-22}}</ref> 也可在閉鎖或開鎖狀態下裝填。<ref name="SSD early hands on try MG 338"/><ref name="SHOT hands on">{{Cite web |title=SHOT Show Hands-On with SIG MG 338 |url=https://www.thefirearmblog.com/blog/2020/01/21/shot-show-hands-on-mg338/ |website=The Firearm Blog |date=2020-01-21 |access-date=2023-03-22}}</ref>

該系統還配有 SIG Sauer 製造的新一代消音器（{{Langx|en|Next Generation Suppressor}}），並設有抑制/非抑制射擊的導氣調整。<ref name="TFB mg 338 look">{{Cite web |title=First Look: SIG Sauer MG 338 with Suppressor |url=https://www.thefirearmblog.com/blog/2020/01/16/sig-sauer-mg-338-first-look/ |website=The Firearm Blog |date=2020-01-16 |access-date=2023-03-22}}</ref>

MG 338的光學瞄具直接固定於槍身骨架，而非供彈蓋，避免安裝不穩問題；<ref name="here's new mil.com" /> 2021年另有獨立的火控系統採購計畫<ref name="SSD small arms prog update 2">{{Cite web |title=SOCOM Fire Control Program |url=https://soldiersystems.net/2021/05/19/socom-fire-control-program/ |website=Soldier Systems |date=2021-05-19 |access-date=2023-03-22}}</ref>，後座力則透過專利系統控制，槍管會略微後移，使其感覺僅略大於[[M4卡賓槍]]。<ref name="nat interest mg 338 interest">{{Cite web |title=The Army Is Very Interested in SIG’s MG 338 |url=https://nationalinterest.org/blog/buzz/army-very-interested-sigs-mg-338-118986 |website=The National Interest |date=2020-02-02 |access-date=2023-03-22}}</ref>

== 使用者 ==
* {{ISR}}
** [[以色列國防軍]]<ref>{{Cite AV media |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9CFSWZBtGJo |title=希伯來文：以色列國防軍軍械部主管談論 MG338 在加薩替換 FN MAG 的實際運用 |date=2025-08-13 |last=i24NEWS עברית |type=Video |access-date=2025-08-14 |via=YouTube}}</ref>
*** 當地命名為「Orim」<ref>{{Cite AV media |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9CFSWZBtGJo |title=希伯來文：以色列國防軍軍械部主管談論 MG338 在加薩替換 FN MAG 的實際運用 |date=2025-08-13 |last=i24NEWS עברית |type=Video |access-date=2025-08-14 |via=YouTube}}</ref><ref>{{Cite AV media |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9CFSWZBtGJo |title=הנשק החדש של צה"ל: הצצה למקלע החדש |date=2025-08-13 |last=i24NEWS עברית |access-date=2025-08-14 |via=YouTube}}</ref>
* {{ITA}}
* {{USA}}
** [[美國特種作戰司令部]]<ref name="the drive mg 338"/>

== 參見 ==
* [[SIG MG 710-3通用機槍]]
* [[True Velocity RM338]]

== 參考文獻 ==
{{reflist|refs=}}

== 外部連結 ==
{{Commons category}}
* {{en icon}}—[https://www.sigsauer.com/media/sigsauer/resources/WEB-2023_DSG_CATALOG_8-28-23.pdf SIG Sauer 2023產品目錄]
* {{zh-hans icon}}—[http://pewpewpew.work/sigsauer/mg338/mg338.htm 槍炮世界—SIG MG-338机枪]

{{通用機槍}}
{{Firearm by SIG&Sauer|state=collapsed}}

[[Category:.338 Norma Magnum槍械]]
[[Category:中型機槍]]
[[Category:美國機槍]]
[[Category:SIG Sauer槍械]]

SIG Sauer MG 338 - 版本历史

imported>運命カエル：​/* 使用者 */

imported>運命カエル：/* 使用者 */