imported>Raymon090 来自 2025年1月15日 (三) 08:55

2025-01-15T08:55:16Z

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{{NoteTA|G1=IT}}
{{infobox OS
| name = RISC OS
| logo =
| screenshot = File:RISCOS370dd.png
| caption =
| developer = {{link-en|Castle Technology|Castle Technology}} & {{link-en|RISC OS Open|RISC OS Open}} (5.xx), {{link-en|RISCOS Ltd|RISCOS Ltd}} (6.xx)
| family =
| working_state = 继续开发中
| released = {{Start date and age|1987}}<ref name='arthur_os_copyright_note'>copyright notice Arthur 1.20 (25 Sep 1987)</ref>
| marketing_target =
| language = {{En}}
| prog_language = {{link-en|BBC BASIC|BBC BASIC}}, [[C语言]], [[C++]], [[汇编语言]]
| updatemodel = [[闪存]] 或 [[PROM|OTP ROM]]
| package_manager =
| supported_platforms = [[ARM架构]]
| kernel_type =
| userland =
| ui =
| license = 'Shared Source'<ref>[http://www.riscosopen.org/content/documents/ssfaq RISC OS Shared Source FAQ] {{Wayback|url=http://www.riscosopen.org/content/documents/ssfaq |date=20131012003618 }}, RISC OS Open, accessed 2011-01-06</ref> (5.xx), Proprietary (6.xx)
| preceded_by =
| succeeded_by =
| website = [http://riscosopen.org RISC OS Open Ltd], [http://riscos.com RISCOS Ltd]
}}

'''{{nowrap|RISC OS}}''' ({{IPAc-en|icon|r|ɪ|s|k|oʊ|ˈ|ɛ|s}})<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.riscosopen.org/content/about |title=About us: RISC OS Open Limited FAQ |publisher=RISC OS Open |accessdate=2011-06-13 |archive-date=2012-09-08 |archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/6AWX3epq5?url=http://www.riscosopen.org/content/about |dead-url=no }}</ref> 是给[[ARM架构]]的系统设计的一系列基于[[图形用户界面]]的电脑[[操作系统]]。它的名字来源于它所支持的[[精简指令集]]RISC 架构。这个OS原本是被[[艾康電腦]]（[[Acorn Computers]])公司开发，用于他们的1987的[[Archimedes]]个人电脑，该个人电脑使用的是[[Acorn RISC Machine]]处理器。它是由[[命令行界面]]和[[桌面环境]]组成的[[视窗系统]]。

最新的稳定版本运行在 ARMv3/ARMv4 {{link-en|RiscPC|RiscPC}}<ref name='RISCOSLtd General FAQ'>{{cite web |url=http://select.riscos.com/RISCOS6/faq.html |title=Risc os 6 general faq |accessdate=2011-01-31 |publisher=[[RISCOS Ltd]] |quote=[RISC OS 6 is] suitable for Risc PC, A7000 and Virtual Acorn products. |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://archive.today/20121208135752/http://select.riscos.com/RISCOS6/faq.html |archivedate=2012-12-08 }}</ref>（或根据仿真通过{{tsl|en|VirtualAcorn}}或{{tsl|en|RPCEmu}}），ARMv5的Iyonix<ref name='Iyonix at a glance RO5 features'>{{cite web |url=http://www.iyonix.com/iyonix/features/osfeatures.shtml |title=RISC OS 5 features |accessdate=2011-01-31 |publisher=Iyonix Ltd |quote=All IYONIX pcs ship with RISC OS 5 in flash ROM. |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20101110111706/http://www.iyonix.com/iyonix/features/osfeatures.shtml |archivedate=2010-11-10 }}</ref>和ARMv7的Cortex-A8处理器<ref name="theinquirer snaps leak">{{cite web | url=http://www.theinquirer.net/inquirer/news/1051924/snaps-leak-risc-os5-beagleboard | title=Snaps leak of RISC OS5 on Beagleboard | publisher=[[The Inquirer]] | date=2009-04-27 | accessdate=2011-06-28 | last=Farrell | first=Nick | quote=A snap of an RISC OS 5, running on a Beagleboard device powered by a 600MHz ARM Cortex-A8 processor with a built-in graphics chip, has tipped up on the world wide wibble. The port developed by Jeffrey Lee is a breakthrough for the shared-source project because it has ported the OS without an army of engineers. | archive-date=2012-09-08 | archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/6AWX6OIjL?url=http://www.theinquirer.net/inquirer/news/1051924/snaps-leak-risc-os5-beagleboard | dead-url=no }}</ref><ref name='RISC OS Open wiki Cortex-A8 port status'>{{cite web | url = https://www.riscosopen.org/wiki/documentation/pages/Cortex-A8+port+status/versions/1 | title = Cortex-A8 port status | accessdate = 2011-01-31 | publisher = [[RISC OS Open]] | quote = [The port includes] a modified version of the RISC OS kernel containing support for (all) Cortex-A8 CPU cores. | archive-date = 2021-10-26 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20211026212426/https://www.riscosopen.org/hub/account/login }}</ref> （如使用的[[BeagleBoard]]和{{tsl|en|Touch Book}}）。在2011年，一个移植的{{tsl|en|Cortex-A9}} {{tsl|en|PandaBoard}}已宣布<ref name="iconbar old news for you">{{cite web | url=http://www.iconbar.com/articles/Have_I_Got_Old_News_For_You/index1268.html | title=Have I Got Old News For You | work=[[The Icon Bar]] | date=2011-08-02 | accessdate=28 September 2011 | author=Lee, Jeffrey | quote=[...] Willi Theiss has recently announced that he's been working on a port of RISC OS to the PandaBoard [...] | archive-date=2012-12-12 | archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/6CrU6xC1N?url=http://www.iconbar.com/articles/Have_I_Got_Old_News_For_You/index1268.html | dead-url=no }}</ref>和[[树莓派]]在公众场合露面的开发版本可免费下载的候选发布版已跟进<ref name="iconbar newsround">{{cite web | url=http://www.iconbar.com/articles/Newsround/index1271.html | title=Newsround | work=[[The Icon Bar]] | accessdate=17 October 2011 | author=Lee, Jeffrey | archive-date=2016-01-04 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160104182418/http://www.iconbar.com/articles/Newsround/index1271.html | dead-url=no }}</ref><ref name="osnews risc os">{{cite web | url=http://www.osnews.com/story/25276/Raspberry_Pi_To_Embrace_RISC_OS | title=Raspberry Pi To Embrace RISC OS | work=[[OSNews]] | date=31 October 2011 | accessdate=1 November 2011 | author=Holwerda, Thom | archive-date=2016-01-04 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160104182418/http://www.osnews.com/story/25276/Raspberry_Pi_To_Embrace_RISC_OS | dead-url=no }}</ref><ref name="archive london show 2011">{{cite news | title=The London show 2011 | work=Archive (magazine) | date=December 2011 | accessdate=19 January 2012 | author=Dewhurst, Christopher | volume=23 | issue=3 | pages=3}}</ref>，这版本已免费提供[[树莓派]]用户。<ref>{{Cite web |title=Downloads {{!}} Raspberry Pi |url=http://www.raspberrypi.org/downloads |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130114192342/http://www.raspberrypi.org/downloads |archive-date=2013-01-14 |accessdate=2013-01-10 |dead-url=no}}</ref>

2018年10月，RISC OS在[[Apache 2.0]]许可证下开源<ref>{{cite web |title=RISC OS is open for business! |url=https://www.riscosopen.org/news/articles/2018/10/22/risc-os-is-open-for-business |website=www.riscosopen.org |publisher=RISC OS Open |accessdate=2018-10-23 |archive-date=2018-10-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181022204607/https://www.riscosopen.org/news/articles/2018/10/22/risc-os-is-open-for-business |dead-url=no }}</ref>。

== 支持的硬件 ==

各个版本的RISC OS运行或者将要运行在以下的硬件。

{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|+ RISC OS 兼容的硬件
! style="vertical-align:bottom;" rowspan="2"|机器 !! style="vertical-align:bottom;" rowspan="2"|推出 !! style="vertical-align:bottom;" colspan="2"|版本 !! style="vertical-align:bottom;" rowspan="2"|ROOL<br /> development ROM<ref name="Rool">{{Cite web |url=https://www.riscosopen.org/content/downloads/other-zipfiles |title=RISC OS Open: ROM image releases |accessdate=2013-01-10 |archive-date=2013-01-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130125033028/http://www.riscosopen.org/content/downloads/other-zipfiles |dead-url=yes }}</ref>
|-
! style="vertical-align:bottom;" |第一版 !! style="vertical-align:bottom;" |最后版
|-
| colspan=5| '''ARM with {{link-en|26位元|26-bit}} program counter'''
|-
| {{link-en|Acorn Archimedes|Acorn Archimedes}} || 1987{{spaced ndash}}1992 || 0.30{{spaced ndash}}3.1x || 3.1x||{{no}}
|-
|colspan=5| '''ARM with 26- & 32-bit program counter'''
|-
| {{tsl|en|Risc PC}} || 1994<ref name="riscpc">{{Cite web |url=http://acorn.chriswhy.co.uk/Computers/RiscPCComputers.html |title=Chris's Acorns – Risc PC |accessdate=2013-01-10 |archive-date=2013-05-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130527205717/http://acorn.chriswhy.co.uk/Computers/RiscPCComputers.html |dead-url=no }}</ref> || 3.50<ref name="riscpc"/> || 6.20<ref name="select-faq">{{Cite web |url=http://select.riscos.com/RISCOS6/faq.html |title=RISC OS Six Frequently Asked Questions |accessdate=2013-01-10 |archive-date=2012-12-08 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20121208135752/http://select.riscos.com/RISCOS6/faq.html |dead-url=yes }}</ref>||{{yes}}
|-
| {{tsl|1=en|2=Acorn A7000|4=Acorn A7000 and A7000+}} || 1995<ref name="a7000">{{Cite web |url=http://acorn.chriswhy.co.uk/Computers/A7000.html |title=Chris's Acorns – A7000 |accessdate=2013-01-10 |archive-date=2013-04-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130412063958/http://acorn.chriswhy.co.uk/Computers/A7000.html |dead-url=no }}</ref>{{spaced ndash}}1997<ref name="a7000+">{{Cite web |url=http://acorn.chriswhy.co.uk/Computers/A7000+.html |title=Chris's Acorns – A7000+ |accessdate=2013-01-10 |archive-date=2013-04-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130412061503/http://acorn.chriswhy.co.uk/Computers/A7000+.html |dead-url=no }}</ref> || 3.60<ref name="a7000"/>{{spaced ndash}}3.71<ref name="a7000+"/> || 6.20<ref name="select-faq" />||{{yes}}
|-
| {{tsl|en|Acorn Phoebe}} || 1998 (取消) || 3.80 (Ursula) || {{n/a}} ||{{no}}
|-
| MicroDigital Medi<ref>repackaged A7000+</ref> ||1998<ref name="medi">{{Cite web |url=http://acorn.chriswhy.co.uk/AfterAcorn/Microdigital.html#Medi |title=Chris's Acorns – Microdigital Medi |accessdate=2013-01-10 |archive-date=2013-01-15 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130115072723/http://acorn.chriswhy.co.uk/AfterAcorn/Microdigital.html#Medi |dead-url=no }}</ref> || 3.71<ref name="medi"/> || 6.20 ||{{yes}}
|-
| {{tsl|en|MicroDigital Mico}} ||1999<ref name="mico">{{Cite web |url=http://acorn.chriswhy.co.uk/AfterAcorn/Microdigital_Mico.html |title=Chris's Acorns – Microdigital Mico |accessdate=2013-01-10 |archive-date=2013-05-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130527205329/http://acorn.chriswhy.co.uk/AfterAcorn/Microdigital_Mico.html |dead-url=no }}</ref> || 4.03<ref name="mico"/> ||4.39<ref name="select-faq" /> ||{{yes}}<ref name="IOMD_development">{{Cite web |url=https://www.riscosopen.org/forum/forums/5/topics/410 |title=RISC OS Open Forum IOMD development / issues |accessdate=2013-01-10 |archive-date=2015-04-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150411191031/https://www.riscosopen.org/forum/forums/5/topics/410 |dead-url=no }}</ref>
|-
| {{tsl|en|RiscStation R7500}} || 1999<ref name="r7500">{{Cite web |url=http://acorn.chriswhy.co.uk/AfterAcorn/Riscstation.html |title=Chris's Acorns – RiscStation R7500 |accessdate=2013-01-10 |archive-date=2013-01-15 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130115074433/http://acorn.chriswhy.co.uk/AfterAcorn/RiscStation.html |dead-url=no }}</ref> || 4.03<ref name="r7500"/> ||4.39<ref name="select-faq" /> || Unknown
|-
|Castle Kinetic RiscPC|| 2000<ref name="kinetic">{{Cite web |url=http://www.iconbar.com/forums/viewthread.php?newsid=918 |title=Castle reveal Kinetic to the press |accessdate=2013-01-10 |archive-date=2012-07-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120716211137/http://www.iconbar.com/forums/viewthread.php?newsid=918 |dead-url=no }}</ref>||4.03||6.20||{{pending}}
|-
| {{tsl|en|MicroDigital Omega}} ||2003<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.drobe.co.uk/article.php?id=973 |title=Drobe – Omega production saga continues |accessdate=2013-01-10 |archive-date=2012-03-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120316220842/http://www.drobe.co.uk/article.php?id=973 |dead-url=no }}</ref>|| 4.03<ref name="omega">{{Cite web |url=http://acorn.chriswhy.co.uk/AfterAcorn/Microdigital.html#Omega |title=– Microdigital Omega |accessdate=2013-01-10 |archive-date=2013-01-15 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130115072723/http://acorn.chriswhy.co.uk/AfterAcorn/Microdigital.html#Omega |dead-url=no }}</ref>||4.39<ref name="select-faq" /> ||{{no}}<ref name="IOMD_development" />
|-
| {{tsl|en|Advantage Six A75}} || 2004<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.drobe.co.uk/article.php?id=1047 |title=Drobe – A75 is ARM7500FE ruggable |accessdate=2013-01-10 |archive-date=2015-10-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151016230127/http://www.drobe.co.uk/article.php?id=1047 |dead-url=no }}</ref>||4.39<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.advantagesix.com/Thea75.html |title=Advantage6: Thea75 |accessdate=2013-01-10 |archive-date=2013-11-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131102161846/http://www.advantagesix.com/Thea75.html |dead-url=no }}</ref> || || Unknown
|-
|colspan=5|'''ARM with 32-bit program counter'''
|-
| {{tsl|1=en|2=Iyonix PC|4=Iyonix Ltd Iyonix PC}} || 2002 || 5.01 || 5.18<ref name="Rool" /> ||{{yes}}
|-
| {{tsl|1=en|2=A9Home|4=Advantage Six A9}}(Home/RM/Loc) || 2005 || 4.42<ref name="select-faq" /> || ||{{no}}<ref name="IOMD_development" />
|-
| [[Beagleboard]]<ref name="theinquirer snaps leak" /> || 2008 || 5.15 || 5.18<ref name="Rool" /> ||{{yes}}
|-
|| {{tsl|1=en|2=Touch Book|4=Always Innovating Touch Book}} || 2009 || 5.15 || ||{{yes}}
|-
| {{tsl|en|PandaBoard}}<ref name="iconbar old news for you" /> || 2011 || 5.17 || ||{{yes}}
|-
| {{tsl|en|OpenPandora}} {{tsl|1=en|2=Pandora (console)|4=Pandora}} || 2009 || 5.17 || ||{{yes}}<ref name="Pandora port">{{Cite web |url=https://www.riscosopen.org/forum/forums/5/topics/166?page=14 |title=Let's get started with a Pandora port |accessdate=2013-01-10 |archive-date=2014-09-19 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140919225512/https://www.riscosopen.org/forum/forums/5/topics/166?page=14 |dead-url=no }}</ref>
|-
| [[树莓派]]<ref name="osnews risc os" /><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.raspberrypi.org/?page_id=43&mingleforumaction=viewtopic&t=919.0 |title=存档副本 |accessdate=2016-02-07 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120229180108/http://www.raspberrypi.org/?page_id=43 |archivedate=2012-02-29 }}</ref> || 2012 || 5.19 || ||{{yes}}
|-
|style="text-align:right; border-color:white;" colspan="5"|<small>'''Pending'''（待定） = 没有公开</small>
|}

== 参看 ==

* {{link-en|Acorn C/C++|Acorn C/C++}} {{En}}
* {{tsl|en|Drobe}} {{En}}
* {{tsl|en|List of users' groups#RISC OS}} {{En}}
* {{tsl|en|riscos.info}} {{En}}
* {{link-en|The Icon Bar|The Icon Bar}} {{En}}

== 参考资料 ==

{{Reflist|colwidth=30em}}

== 外部链接 ==

* [http://www.lewisgilbert.co.uk/archiology/index.html Archiology]{{Wayback|url=http://www.lewisgilbert.co.uk/archiology/index.html |date=20130108021213 }}: Michael Gilbert's collection of "relics from Acorn's past" {{En}}
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20040207172011/http://www.qsure.demon.co.uk/arthur/art.html Arthur Lives!]: a guide by Ben Jefferys {{En}}
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20071116175515/http://acorn.cybervillage.co.uk/emulation/arthur/ Arthur OS Emulator] {{En}}
* [https://archive.today/20070219161339/http://productsdb.riscos.com/admin/riscos.htm 什么是RISC OS?] {{En}}
* [http://www.wss.co.uk/pinknoise/Docs/ Pink Noise Productions OS documentation]{{Wayback|url=http://www.wss.co.uk/pinknoise/Docs/ |date=20120325192522 }} {{En}}

[[Category:桌面环境]]
[[Category:專有作業系統]]
[[Category:艾康操作系统]]
[[Category:ARM操作系统]]
[[Category:視窗系統]]
[[Category:开源软件]]

RISC OS - 版本历史

imported>Raymon090 来自 2025年1月15日 (三) 08:55