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{{Infobox website
| name = Pylons计划
| logo = Pylons Project logo on transparent background.png
| logo_size = 160px
| logocaption =
| screenshot =
| collapsible =
| collapsetext =
| caption =
| url = {{Official URL}}
| commercial = No
| type = [[Python]][[web应用框架|框架]][[软件开发|开发]]
| registration = None
| language = English
| num_users =
| content_license =
| owner = 开源
| author =
| editor = 匿名
| launch_date = {{Start date|2010|12|27}}
| alexa =
| revenue =
| current_status = 活跃
| footnotes =
}}
'''Pylons计划'''是开发一组用[[Python]]书写的web应用技术的[[开源软件|开源组织]]。最初这个计划只是一个叫做Pylons的单一的web框架，但是后来合并了repoze.bfg框架，并取了新名字Pyramid，Pylons计划现在由多个有关的web应用技术组成。

==Pyramid==
{{Infobox software
| name = Pyramid
| logo = Pyramid web framework logo on transparent background.png
| logo size = 160px
| developer = Chris McDonough, Ben Bangert, Michael Merickel, Bert JW Regeer, Steve Piercy
| released = {{Start date and age|2008|07|08}}<ref>{{cite web|title=Pyramid Change History|url=https://docs.pylonsproject.org/projects/pyramid/en/latest/#change-history|website=The Pyramid Web Framework|publisher=Pylons Project|accessdate=10 March 2017|archive-date=2021-01-01|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210101133030/https://docs.pylonsproject.org/projects/pyramid/en/latest/#change-history|dead-url=no}}</ref>
| latest release version = {{wikidata|property|reference|edit|Q2342759|P348}}
| latest release date = {{wikidata|qualifier|Q2342759|P348|P577}}，{{Time ago|{{wikidata|qualifier|raw|Q2342759|P348|P577}}}}
| latest preview version =
| latest preview date =
| repo = {{url|https://www.github.com/Pylons/pyramid}}
| programming language = [[Python]]
| operating system = [[跨平台]]
| genre = [[Web应用框架]]
| license = [[BSD License]]
| website = {{URL|https://trypyramid.com/}}
}}

'''Pyramid'''是用[[Python]]书写的[[开源软件|开源]][[web应用框架]]，它基于了[[Web服务器网关接口|WSGI]]。它是受到[[Zope]]、[[#Pylons框架|Pylons]]和[[Django]]启发的[[极简主义]]的web框架<ref name="_doc">{{cite web|title=repoze.bfg introduction|author=Chris McDonough|url=http://docs.repoze.org/bfg/current/narr/introduction.html|accessdate=2010-09-21|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131230021947/http://docs.repoze.org/bfg/current/narr/introduction.html|archive-date=2013-12-30|dead-url=yes}}</ref>。

Pyramid最初叫做“repoze.bfg”，它获得关注主要在于[[Zope]]<ref name="poster">{{cite web |url=http://codesinger.blogspot.com/2010/09/zope-summit-dzug-repozebfg.html |title=Zope Summit, DZUG, repoze.bfg |author=Gary Poster |date=2010-09-17 |access-date=2010-09-21 |archive-date=2011-08-13 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110813195213/http://codesinger.blogspot.com/2010/09/zope-summit-dzug-repozebfg.html }}</ref>和[[Plone]]社区，随着[[开放社会基金会]]的KARL计划从Plone迁移至BFG<ref name="karl">{{cite video |people=Thomas Moroz, Chris Rossi & Calvin Hendryx-Parker |date=2009-10-28 |title=KARL – large-scale Knowledge Management |url=http://plone.blip.tv/file/3037005/ |publisher=Plone Conference 2009 |location=Budapest, Hungary |access-date=2010-09-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100602004608/http://plone.blip.tv/file/3037005 |archive-date=2010-06-02 }}</ref>。在2010年宣布了Pylons框架将于版本1.5转移到使用BFG作为基础<ref name="pylons">{{cite web|title=Emails explaining the Pylons 2 structure|url=http://sluggo.scrapping.cc/tmp/execution/emails.html|author=Ben Bangert|date=2010-09-18|access-date=2010-09-21|archive-date=2022-04-01|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220401074839/http://sluggo.scrapping.cc/tmp/execution/emails.html}}</ref>。作为将BFG包括入Pylons计划的结果，BFG被重命名为Pyramid<ref>{{cite web|title=repoze.bfg is now Pyramid|url=http://www.plope.com/bfg-becomes-pyramid|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101113024153/http://plope.com/bfg-becomes-pyramid|archive-date=2010-11-13|access-date=2011-01-03}}</ref>。

===特征===
Pyramid是极简主义的[[跨平台]]web框架。它不预定[[持久化]]方式，可以通过[[SQLAlchemy]]集成于SQL数据库或集成于{{le|Zope对象数据库|Zope Object Database}}二者，还有其他[[NoSQL]]数据库比如[[CouchDB]]<ref name="_doc" />。

Pyramid允许开发者使用[[正则表达式]]定义映射到对象的路由。同样跟从框架Zope，Pyramid允许层级对象遍历，这里[[URL]]的每个部份都是包含其他对象的对象，这种方式类似于文件系统中的文件夹<ref name="akkerman">{{cite video |people=Wichert Akkerman |date=2009-10-28 |title=Lessons from other frameworks |url=http://plone.blip.tv/file/3224136/ |publisher=Plone Conference 2009 |location=Budapest, Hungary |accessdate=2010-09-21 |time=25:50 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130418172552/http://plone.blip.tv/file/3224136/ |archive-date=2013-04-18 |dead-url=yes }}</ref>。

===例子代码===
<syntaxhighlight lang="Python">
from wsgiref.simple_server import make_server
from pyramid.config import Configurator
from pyramid.response import Response

def hello_world(request):
return Response('Hello World!')

if __name__ == '__main__':
with Configurator() as config:
config.add_route('hello', '/')
config.add_view(hello_world, route_name='hello')
app = config.make_wsgi_app()
server = make_server('0.0.0.0', 6543, app)
server.serve_forever()
</syntaxhighlight>

==Pylons框架==
{{Infobox software
| name = Pylons框架
| logo =
| released = {{Start date and age|2005|9}}<ref name="pylons-history">{{Cite web |url=https://pylonsproject.org/about-pylons-framework.html |title=History of Pylons |access-date=2020-11-01 |archive-date=2020-07-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200707182907/https://pylonsproject.org/about-pylons-framework.html }}</ref>
| latest release version = {{wikidata|property|reference|edit|Q18285301|P348}}
| latest release date = {{wikidata|qualifier|Q18285301|P348|P577}}，{{Time ago|{{wikidata|qualifier|raw|Q18285301|P348|P577}}}}
| genre = [[Web应用框架]]
| license = [[BSD license]]
| programming language = [[Python]]
| operating system = [[跨平台]]
| developer = Ben Bangert, James Gardner
| website = {{URL|https://pylonsproject.org/about-pylons-framework.html}}
}}
'''Pylons'''是一个[[开放源代码]]的[[Web应用框架]]，使用[[Python]]语言编写。它对[[WSGI]]标准进行了扩展应用，提升了重用性且将功能分割到独立的模块中。

Pylons类似于[[Django]]和[[TurboGears]]。Pylons受[[Ruby on Rails]]影响很深：它的两个组件，Routes<ref name="#1">[https://web.archive.org/web/20120205185539/http://routes.groovie.org/ Routes]</ref>和WebHelpers<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://docs.pylonsproject.org/projects/webhelpers/en/latest |title=WebHelpers |accessdate=2015-12-15 |archive-date=2015-12-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151222203804/http://docs.pylonsproject.org/projects/webhelpers/en/latest |dead-url=unfit }}</ref>是Rails特性的[[Python]]实现。

=== 安装和依赖 ===
Pylons的官方安装方法是从Python CheeseShop<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://cheeseshop.python.org/ |title=Python CheeseShop |accessdate=2008-08-11 |archive-date=2008-07-19 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080719174928/http://cheeseshop.python.org/ |dead-url=unfit }}</ref>下载使用EasyInstall<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20100708053624/http://peak.telecommunity.com/DevCenter/EasyInstall EasyInstall]</ref>完成，而大部分的附加工具也通常以相同方式安装。

=== URL分派===
Pylons普遍使用的URL分派器是Routes<ref name="#1"/>，实际是[[Ruby on Rails]]的URL分派的Python重新实现，其他的URL分派器只要是[[Web服务器网关接口|WSGI]]兼容也可以使用，例如Selector<ref>[http://cheeseshop.python.org/pypi/selector Selector]</ref>。

=== HTML生成 ===
另一个从[[Ruby on Rails|Rails]] Pylons化的部分是WebHelpers<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20080914160852/http://pylonshq.com/WebHelpers/ WebHelpers]</ref>，它提供了基于路径的URL映射。WebHelpers也提供了一些实用的功能来生成基于{{le|script.aculo.us}}和[[Prototype JavaScript Framework|Prototype]]库的[[JavaScript]]代码。

=== 模板 ===
Myghty是缺省的Pylons模板语言，但在版本0.9.6它被替代为Mako<ref>Haas, Christoph [http://workaround.org/pylons/beginning-pylons.html Beginning Pylons] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090216145116/http://workaround.org/pylons/beginning-pylons.html |date=2009-02-16 }}. Retrieved July 5, 2007</ref>。也可以使用其他模板语比如{{le|Genshi (模板语言)|Genshi (templating language)|Genshi}}<ref>Genshi Wiki [http://genshi.edgewall.org/wiki/GenshiRecipes/PylonsWithGenshi Pylons with Genshi] {{Wayback|url=http://genshi.edgewall.org/wiki/GenshiRecipes/PylonsWithGenshi |date=20160403212239 }} Retrieved July 5, 2007</ref>。

=== 数据库抽象和对象关系映射 ===
Pylons没有默认的数据库程序库。可以使用比较有名的[[SQLObject]]和[[SQLAlchemy]]。

== 另见 ==
* [[各網頁框架系統的比較]]

== 参考 ==
{{reflist|2}}

== 外部链接 ==
* {{Official website}}

{{Application frameworks}}
{{Python web frameworks}}

[[Category:用Python編程的自由軟體]]
[[Category:Python軟體]]
[[Category:Web應用框架]]
[[Category:自由跨平台軟體]]

Pylons - 版本历史

imported>ExultantEditor 来自 2025年12月26日 (五) 16:30