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PSR B1620-26 - 版本历史
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<p><b>新页面</b></p><div>{{Starbox begin <br />
| name = PSR B1620−26<br />
}} <br />
{{Starbox image <br />
| image = [[Image:Location of pulsar B1620-26.jpg|250px]]<br />
| caption = PSR B1620−26的位置(小藍綠圈標示)<br />
}} <br />
{{Starbox observe <br />
| epoch = [[J2000.0]]<br />
| constell = [[天蠍座]](梅西耶天體|M4]])<br />
| ra = {{RA|16|23|38.2218}}<ref name=SIMBAD/><br />
| dec = {{DEC|−26|31|53.769}}<ref name=SIMBAD/><br />
| appmag_v = 21.30<ref name=SIMBAD/><br />
}} <br />
{{Starbox character <br />
| class = Pulsar / DB<br />
| b-v = <br />
| u-b = <br />
| variable = none<br />
}} <br />
{{Starbox astrometry <br />
| radial_v = <br />
| prop_mo_ra = <br />
| prop_mo_dec = <br />
| parallax = <br />
| p_error = <br />
| dist_ly = 12,400<br />
| dist_pc = 3,800<br />
| absmag_v = <br />
}} <br />
{{Starbox detail <br />
| age =〜120億<br />
| metal = <br />
| mass = 1.35 / 0.34<br />
| radius = <br />
| rotation = <br />
| luminosity = <br />
| temperature = <br />
}} <br />
{{Starbox catalog <br />
| names = PSR J1623−2631<br />
}}<br />
{{Starbox reference<br />
|Simbad=PSR+B1620-26<br />
}}<br />
{{Starbox end}}<br />
<br />
'''PSR B1620−26'''是位於[[天蠍座]]的[[球狀星團]][[M4 (球狀星團)|M4]]內的[[聯星]]系統，距離3,800[[秒差距]]<ref name=EPEstar>{{cite web |url=http://exoplanet.eu/star.php?st=PSR+B1620-26 |title=Notes for star PSR B1620-26 |author=Jean Schneider |date=2011 |publisher=[[Extrasolar Planets Encyclopaedia]] |access-date=26 September 2011 |archive-date=2012-03-13 |archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/668nDBSXx?url=http://exoplanet.eu/star.php?st=PSR+B1620-26 |dead-url=no }}</ref><ref name="arzoumanian">{{cite journal | author = Z. Arzoumanian | author2 = K. Joshi | author3 = F. A. Rasio | author4 = S. E. Thorsett | title=Orbital Parameters of the PSR B1620-26 Triple System | journal=Proceedings of the 160th Colloquium of the International Astronomical Union | date=1999 | volume=105 | pages=525 | bibcode=1996ASPC..105..525A |arxiv = astro-ph/9605141 }}</ref><ref name=ESO>{{cite web |url=http://www.eso.org/public/images/m4/ |title=Messier 4 (M4) globular cluster |date=2009 |publisher=[[European Southern Observatory]] |access-date=26 September 2011 |archive-date=2018-09-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180903082306/https://www.eso.org/public/images/m4/ |dead-url=no }}</ref>。這個系統由一顆[[脈衝星]]( '''PSR B1620−26 A''')和一顆[[白矮星]]( [[WD B1620−26]]或'''PSR B1620−26 B''')組成。截至2000年，該系統還被證實有一顆[[系外行星]]圍繞著這兩顆恆星運行。<br />
<br />
== 歷史 ==<br />
聯星系統(''三合星''包括被稱為行星的同伴)就在球狀星團核心之旁。根據估計，這個星團的年齡約為122億年<ref name=aaa143_1>{{cite journal | author=Caputo, F. | author2=Castellani, V. | author3=Quarta, M. L. | title=Reddening, distance modulus and age of the globular cluster NGC 6121 (M4) from the properties of RR Lyrae variables | url=https://archive.org/details/sim_astronomy-and-astrophysics_1985-02_143_1/page/8 | journal=Astronomy and Astrophysics | volume=143| issue=1 |date=February 1985 | pages=8–12 | bibcode=1985A&A...143....8C<br />
}}</ref>。因此，這也是兩顆恆星和行星誕生年齡的估計。<br />
<br />
對於這個不尋常的恆星系統命名規則有一個小小的爭議。一方認為命名聯星的A/B約定具有優先權，因此脈衝星命名為PSR B1620−26 A，白矮星伴星為PSR B1620−26 B，行星為[[PSR B1620-26b]]。另一方認為PSR只適用於脈衝星的恆星，而不適用於伴星的白矮星。因此，白矮星應該用WD的慣例命名，即脈衝星是"PSR B1620−26"，白矮星是"WD J1623−266"，行星是"PSR B1620−26 b"。早期的文章使用第一種命名法則，但是星表都使用第二種命名法<ref name=SIMBAD>{{cite simbad|title=PSR B1620-26|access-date=31 January 2018}}</ref><ref name=EPEplanet>{{cite encyclopedia |url=http://exoplanet.eu/planet.php?p1=PSR+B1620-26&p2=b |title=Notes for Planet PSR B1620−2 b |author=Jean Schneider |date=2011 |encyclopedia=[[Extrasolar Planets Encyclopaedia]] |access-date=24 September 2011 |archive-date=2011-11-09 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111109025942/http://exoplanet.eu/planet.php?p1=PSR+B1620-26&p2=b |dead-url=no }}</ref>。最近的提議<ref name="hessman">{{cite journal | author = F. V. Hessman | display-authors = 4 | author2 = V. S. Dhillon | author3 = D. E. Winget | author4 = M. R. Schreiber | author5 = K. Horne | author6 = T. R. Marsh | author7 = E. Guenther | author8 = A. Schwope | author9 = U. Heber | title=On the naming convention used for multiple star systems and extrasolar planets | date=2010 | pages=4| bibcode=2010arXiv1012.0707H |arxiv = 1012.0707 }}</ref>提供類似的命名法，以'''PSR B1620−26 (AB)b'''命名行星，括弧中的大寫字母'''A'''和'''B'''識別這是聯星系統的兩顆恆星，後面小寫的'''b'''表示是繞行這兩顆恆星的[[系外行星]]。, 在實務上，細讀上下文可以清楚的表明，是指脈衝星、白矮星、行星，還是整個系統。<br />
<br />
== 白矮星 ==<br />
白矮星的質量是0.34[[太陽質量]]；運行軌道對主星傾斜55°<ref name="sigurdsson">{{cite journal | author = S. Sigurdsson | display-authors = 4 | author2 = H. B. Richer | author3 = B. M. Hansen | author4 = I. H. Stairs | author5 = S. E. Thorsett | title=A Young White Dwarf Companion to Pulsar B1620-26: Evidence for Early Planet Formation. | url = https://archive.org/details/sim_science_2003-07-11_301_5630/page/192 | journal=Science | date=2003| volume=301| pages=193–196| bibcode=2003Sci...301..193S |arxiv = astro-ph/0307339 | doi=10.1126/science.1086326 | pmid=12855802 | issue=5630| s2cid = 39446560 }}</ref>。<br />
<br />
== 行星系統 ==<br />
[[Image:Jovian planet in globular cluster M4 - calm bystander in stellar drama.jpg|thumb|left|PSR B1620−26系統的演變。]]<br />
<br />
PSR B1620−26 b最初是通過它的軌道對其所繞行恆星的軌道產生的都卜勒頻移 (在這種情況下，脈衝星的視脈動週期發生的變化。) 探測到的。<br />
<br />
在1990年代初期，由Donald Backer領導的一組天文學家在研究他們所認為的脈衝星聯星時，確認需要第三個天體才能解釋他們所觀察到的都卜勒頻移。在幾年內，這顆行星對脈衝星和白矮星軌道的引力效應已竟被量測出來，從而估計出第三個天體的質量。但這個天體太小了，不可能是恆星。在1993年，{{link-en|Stephen Thorsett}}和它的合作夥伴宣布第三個天體是行星的結論。<br />
<br />
{{OrbitboxPlanet begin}}<br />
{{OrbitboxPlanet<br />
| exoplanet = [[PSR B1620-26b|b]]<br />
| mass = 2.5 ± 1<br />
| period = ~36,500<br />
| semimajor = 23<br />
| eccentricity = ''low''<br />
| inclination = 55<sub>−8</sub><sup>+14</sup><br />
}}<br />
{{Orbitbox end}}<br />
<br />
== 相關條目 ==<br />
*[[PSR B1257+12]]<br />
*[[PSR B1620-26b]]<br />
*[[天大将军十一]]（三角座δ）<br />
*[[白矮星]]<br />
*[[中子星]]<br />
*[[脈衝星]]<br />
*[[脈衝星行星]]<br />
*[[太陽系外行星]]<br />
*[[行星系]]<br />
<br />
== 參考資料 ==<br />
{{reflist}}<br />
<br />
== 外部連結 ==<br />
* [http://www.solstation.com/x-objects/b1620-26.htm '''SolStation''': PSR B1620-26] {{Wayback|url=http://www.solstation.com/x-objects/b1620-26.htm |date=20210127122703 }}<br />
* [http://www.space.com/scienceastronomy/oldest_planet_030710-1.html '''SPACE''': Oldest Known World Conjures Prospect of Ancient Life] {{Wayback|url=http://www.space.com/scienceastronomy/oldest_planet_030710-1.html |date=20030720021737 }}<br />
{{-}}<br />
{{Sky|16|23|38|-|26|31|53|12400}}<br />
<br />
{{天蠍座恆星}}<br />
<br />
{{DEFAULTSORT:PSR B1620-26}}<br />
[[Category:聯星]]<br />
[[Category:脈衝星]]<br />
[[Category:白矮星]]<br />
[[Category:天蠍座]]<br />
[[Category:聚星的行星系|2]]<br />
[[Category:確認有一顆系外行星的行星系]]</div>
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