imported>-Zest：clean up

2025-11-28T07:37:49Z

clean up

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{{Sky|16|04|56.6|+|23|55|57.7}}
{{Infobox galaxy|name=[[NGC天體表|NGC]] 6051
|image=File:NGC6051 - SDSS DR14.jpg|caption=[[史隆數位巡天|SDSS]]的NGC 6051影像
|epoch=[[J2000]]
|constellation name=[[巨蛇座]]
|ra={{RA|16|04|56.6}}
|dec={{DEC|+23|55|57.7}}
|z=0.031404|h_radial_v=9,415 [[公里/秒|Km/s]]
|dist_ly=453 [[光年|Mly]] (138.8 [[秒差距|Mpc]])
|group_cluster=AWM 4
|appmag_v=0.19|appmag_b=0.26|sbrightness=13.71
|type=cD; E
|size=250,000 [[光年|ly]] (大約76.65 [[秒差距|kpc]])
|size_v=1.3' x 0.9'
|names=[[主要星系目錄|PGC]] 57006、[[烏普薩拉總目錄|UGC]] 10178、[[4C星表|4C]] +24.36、[[星系形態目錄|MCG]] +04-38-021, GIN 487}}

'''NGC 6051'''是位於[[巨蛇座]]的一個巨大[[橢圓星系]]，距離[[地球]]4.53億[[光年]]，這意味著，考慮到其表觀[[維度|尺寸]]，該星系的直徑約為250,000光年<ref>{{Cite web |title=NED Search Results for NGC 6051 |url=https://ned.ipac.caltech.edu/cgi-bin/objsearch?objname=NGC_6051&extend=no&hconst=73&omegam=0.27&omegav=0.73&corr_z=1&out_csys=Equatorial&out_equinox=J2000.0&obj_sort=RA+or+Longitude&of=pre_text&zv_breaker=30000.0&list_limit=5&img_stamp=YES |access-date=2024-09-07 |website=ned.ipac.caltech.edu |archive-date=2024-12-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241202001049/https://ned.ipac.caltech.edu/cgi-bin/objsearch?objname=NGC_6051&extend=no&hconst=73&omegam=0.27&omegav=0.73&corr_z=1&out_csys=Equatorial&out_equinox=J2000.0&obj_sort=RA+or+Longitude&of=pre_text&zv_breaker=30000.0&list_limit=5&img_stamp=YES |dead-url=no }}</ref>。它是名為AWM 4的化石系統中一個鬆弛的貧窮[[星系團]]內最亮的[[最亮團星系|團星系]]<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Zibetti |first1=Stefano |last2=Pierini |first2=Daniele |last3=Pratt |first3=Gabriel W. |date=2009-01-11 |title=Are fossil groups a challenge of the cold dark matter paradigm? |journal=Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society |volume=392 |issue=2 |pages=525–536 |doi=10.1111/j.1365-2966.2008.14098.x |doi-access=free |arxiv=0809.2036 |bibcode=2009MNRAS.392..525Z |issn=0035-8711}}</ref>。這個星系團由至少30個星系成員組成<ref name=":1">{{Cite journal |last1=O'Sullivan |first1=E. |last2=Vrtilek |first2=J. M. |last3=Kempner |first3=J. C. |last4=David |first4=L. P. |last5=Houck |first5=J. C. |date=2005-03-11 |title=AWM 4 - an isothermal cluster observed with XMM-Newton |journal=Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society |volume=357 |issue=4 |pages=1134–1150 |doi=10.1111/j.1365-2966.2005.08749.x |doi-access=free |arxiv=astro-ph/0412430 |bibcode=2005MNRAS.357.1134O |issn=0035-8711}}</ref>。

== 觀測的歷史 ==
NGC 6051是[[爱德华·斯特凡]]在1881年6月20日發現的。根據[[約翰·路易·埃米爾·德雷耳]]的說法，他將其描述為一個微弱的小圓形物體，中間有一個明亮的核，東南方有一顆10等的[[恆星]]<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=New General Catalog Objects: NGC 6050 - 6099 |url=https://cseligman.com/text/atlas/ngc60a.htm#6051 |access-date=2024-09-07 |website=cseligman.com |archive-date=2022-09-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220920171358/https://cseligman.com/text/atlas/ngc60a.htm#6051 |dead-url=no }}</ref>。[[SIMBAD]]和[[里昂-默東星系資料庫|LEDA]]將NGC 6051登錄為[[IC 4588]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=NGC 6051 |url=https://simbad.u-strasbg.fr/simbad/sim-id?Ident=NGC+6051&NbIdent=1&Radius=2&Radius.unit=arcmin&submit=submit+id |access-date=2024-09-07 |website=simbad.u-strasbg.fr |archive-date=2025-02-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250224200511/https://simbad.u-strasbg.fr/simbad/sim-id?Ident=NGC%206051&NbIdent=1&Radius=2&Radius.unit=arcmin&submit=submit%20id |dead-url=no }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Hyperleda results for NGC 6051 |url=https://archive.wikiwix.com/cache/index2.php?url=http%3A%2F%2Fatlas.obs-hp.fr%2Fhyperleda%2Fledacat.cgi%3Fo%3Dngc%25206051#federation=archive.wikiwix.com&tab=url |access-date=2024-09-07 |website=archive.wikiwix.com |archive-date=2025-02-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250224113426/https://archive.wikiwix.com/cache/index2.php?url=http%3A%2F%2Fatlas.obs-hp.fr%2Fhyperleda%2Fledacat.cgi%3Fo%3Dngc%206051#federation=archive.wikiwix.com&tab=url |dead-url=no }}</ref>，但根據哈羅德·科溫的說法，這是兩個獨立的星系<ref>{{Cite web |title=Corwin's description on IC 4588 |url=http://www.darkerview.com/scripts/query.php?16084400 |access-date=2024-09-07 |website=www.darkerview.com |archive-date=2025-02-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250224113425/http://www.darkerview.com/scripts/query.php?16084400 |dead-url=no }}</ref>。奧沙利文及其同事（2011）將它們視為獨立的實體，NGC 6051是星系團中心的主導星系<ref>{{cite journal | title=A deep Chandra observation of the poor cluster AWM 4 - II. The role of the radio jets in enriching the intracluster medium | display-authors=1 | last1=O'Sullivan | first1=Ewan | last2=Giacintucci | first2=Simona | last3=David | first3=Laurence P. | last4=Vrtilek | first4=Jan M. | last5=Raychaudhury | first5=Somak | journal=Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society | volume=411 | issue=3 | pages=1833–1842 | date=March 2011 | doi=10.1111/j.1365-2966.2010.17812.x | doi-access=free | arxiv=1010.0610 | bibcode=2011MNRAS.411.1833O }}</ref>。

== 特徵 ==
NGC 6051是一個[[cD型星系]]<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Rebusco |first1=P. |last2=Churazov |first2=E. |last3=Bohringer |first3=H. |last4=Forman |first4=W. |date=2006-11-11 |title=Effect of turbulent diffusion on iron abundance profiles |journal=Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society |volume=372 |issue=4 |pages=1840–1850 |doi=10.1111/j.1365-2966.2006.10977.x |doi-access=free |arxiv=astro-ph/0608491 |bibcode=2006MNRAS.372.1840R |issn=0035-8711}}</ref>。與AWM 4中的其它星系相比，它的亮度要高得多<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Gastaldello |first1=Fabio |last2=Buote |first2=David A. |last3=Brighenti |first3=Fabrizio |last4=Mathews |first4=William G. |last5=Temi |first5=Pasquale |last6=Ettori |first6=Stefano |last7=Heinz |first7=Sebastian |last8=Wilcots |first8=Eric |date=2009 |title=AGN Feedback in Galaxy Groups: The Two Interesting Cases of AWM 4 and NGC 5044 |url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3293045 |journal=AIP Conference Proceedings |volume=1201 |publisher=AIP |pages=237–240 |doi=10.1063/1.3293045|arxiv=0909.0600 |bibcode=2009AIPC.1201..237G }}</ref>，具有低[[面亮度]]輪廓<ref name=":1" />，但沒有恒星包層<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Schombert |first=James M. |date=August 1987 |title=The structure of brightest cluster members. II - Mergers |url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/191212 |journal=The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series |volume=64 |pages=643 |doi=10.1086/191212 |bibcode=1987ApJS...64..643S |issn=0067-0049}}</ref>。

NGC 6051中的核心被認為是[[活動星系核|活躍星系]]，它是一個[[電波星系]]<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Velzen |first1=Sjoert van |last2=Falcke |first2=Heino |last3=Schellart |first3=Pim |last4=Nierstenhöfer |first4=Nils |last5=Kampert |first5=Karl-Heinz |date=2012-08-01 |title=Radio galaxies of the local universe - All-sky catalog, luminosity functions, and clustering |url=https://www.aanda.org/articles/aa/full_html/2012/08/aa19389-12/aa19389-12.html#T3 |journal=Astronomy & Astrophysics |volume=544 |pages=A18 |doi=10.1051/0004-6361/201219389 |arxiv=1206.0031 |bibcode=2012A&A...544A..18V |issn=0004-6361}}</ref>。它被歸類為[[法納羅夫-萊利分類]]I型和II型混合的過渡型。聚集著廣角尾的强力[[無線電波源|電波源]]<ref name=":2">{{Cite journal |last1=Giacintucci |first1=Simona |last2=Vrtilek |first2=Jan M. |last3=Murgia |first3=Matteo |last4=Raychaudhury |first4=Somak |last5=O'Sullivan |first5=Ewan J. |last6=Venturi |first6=Tiziana |last7=David |first7=Laurence P. |last8=Mazzotta |first8=Pasquale |last9=Clarke |first9=Tracy E. |last10=Athreya |first10=Ramana M. |date=2008-07-01 |title=A Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope Multifrequency Radio Study of the Isothermal Core of the Poor Galaxy Cluster AWM 4 |url=https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2008ApJ...682..186G/abstract |journal=The Astrophysical Journal |volume=682 |issue=1 |pages=186–198 |doi=10.1086/589280 |arxiv=0804.1906 |bibcode=2008ApJ...682..186G |issn=0004-637X}}</ref><ref name=":3">{{Cite journal |last1=O’Sullivan |first1=Ewan |last2=Giacintucci |first2=Simona |last3=David |first3=Laurence P. |last4=Vrtilek |first4=Jan M. |last5=Raychaudhury |first5=Somak |date=2010-11-17 |title=A deep Chandra observation of the poor cluster AWM 4 - II. The role of the radio jets in enriching the intracluster medium |journal=Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society |volume=411 |issue=3 |pages=1833–1842 |doi=10.1111/j.1365-2966.2010.17812.x |doi-access=free |issn=0035-8711|arxiv=1010.0610 |bibcode=2011MNRAS.411.1833O }}</ref>，NGC 6051包含兩個反射對稱的擺動[[相對論性噴流|電波噴流]]和從其電波核心出現約80[[秒差距|Kpc]]的巨大[[電波星系|電波瓣]]<ref name=":4">{{Cite journal |last1=Giacintucci |first1=Simona |last2=O’Sullivan |first2=Ewan |last3=Vrtilek |first3=Jan |last4=David |first4=Laurence P. |last5=Raychaudhury |first5=Somak |last6=Venturi |first6=Tiziana |last7=Athreya |first7=Ramana M. |last8=Clarke |first8=Tracy E. |last9=Murgia |first9=Matteo |last10=Mazzotta |first10=Pasquale |last11=Gitti |first11=Myriam |last12=Ponman |first12=Trevor |last13=Ishwara-Chandra |first13=C. H. |last14=Jones |first14=Christine |last15=Forman |first15=William R. |date=2011-04-21 |title=A COMBINED LOW-RADIO FREQUENCY/X-RAY STUDY OF GALAXY GROUPS. I. GIANT METREWAVE RADIO TELESCOPE OBSERVATIONS AT 235 MHz AND 610 MHz |url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0004-637x/732/2/95 |journal=The Astrophysical Journal |volume=732 |issue=2 |pages=95 |doi=10.1088/0004-637x/732/2/95 |arxiv=1103.1364 |bibcode=2011ApJ...732...95G |issn=0004-637X}}</ref>。對於這種活動星系核（AGN）活動，最被接受的理論是存在一個[[超大質量黑洞]]。基於MBH-MK相關性。NGC 6051中心黑洞的質量估計為9.57 ± 0.02 M⊙<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Mezcua |first1=M. |last2=Hlavacek-Larrondo |first2=J. |last3=Lucey |first3=J. R. |last4=Hogan |first4=M. T. |last5=Edge |first5=A. C. |last6=McNamara |first6=B. R. |date=2017-10-30 |title=The most massive black holes on the Fundamental Plane of black hole accretion |journal=Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society |volume=474 |issue=1 |pages=1342–1360 |doi=10.1093/mnras/stx2812 |doi-access=free |issn=0035-8711|arxiv=1710.10268 }}</ref>。

根據射流與反射流的亮度[[比率]]，NGC 6051的中心約10kpc噴流區域可能更靠近[[天文學辭彙#P|天空平面]]。根據對逐漸變陡的[[譜指數|光譜指數]]的分析，噴流和波瓣的壽命估計為1.6億年，這表明NGC 6051的來源很古老<ref name=":2" /><ref name=":4" />。

一項研究在NGC 6051中心區域產生的夾帶氣體中發現了[[鐵]]的痕迹，其質量約為1.4 x 106 M⊙。當[[能量]]量為〜4.5 x 1057 [[爾格|erg]]時，氣體可能被星系的噴流從星系中輸送出來，在一定程度上豐富了[[星系團內介質]]<ref name=":3" />。

== 相關條目 ==
*[[NGC天體列表 (6000-6999)]]
*[[NGC 6166]]
*[[NGC 4889]]

== 外部連結 ==
{{WikiSky}}

== 參考文獻 ==
{{reflist}}

{{Ngc65}}
{{巨蛇座}}

[[Category:NGC天體|6051]]
[[Category:巨蛇座]]
[[Category:PGC天體|057006]]
[[Category:UGC天體|10178]]
[[Category:4C天體|24.36]]
[[Category:橢圓星系]]
[[Category:電波星系]]
[[Category:1881年發現的天體|18810620]]
[[Category:爱德华·斯特凡发现的天体]]

NGC 6051 - 版本历史

imported>-Zest：​clean up

imported>-Zest：clean up