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{{not|附加组件 (Mozilla)#主题}}
{{noteTA
|G1=IT
|G2=FL
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{{Infobox software
| name = Mozilla Persona
| logo = [[File:Mozilla Persona.png|200px]]
| screenshot =
| caption =
| developer = [[Mozilla基金會]]
| released = 2011年7月
| programming language = [[JavaScript]]
| operating_system = [[跨平台]]
| size =
| language = 51種語言
| genre = [[授權_(資安)|授權]]
| license = [[Mozilla Public License|MPL]]
| website = {{URL|developer.mozilla.org/en-US/Persona}}
}}
'''Mozilla Persona'''是由[[Mozilla]]開發<ref>{{cite web | title = Persona: Connect with Mozilla Persona, the safest & easiest way to sign in. | url = https://login.persona.org/ | author = [[Mozilla]] | deadurl = yes | archiveurl = https://archive.today/20121221011450/https://login.persona.org/ | archivedate = 2012-12-21 | accessdate = 2014-05-06 }}</ref>的基於開放BrowserID協定<ref>{{cite web | title = “Persona” | url = https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/persona | author = Mozilla Developer Network (MDN) | accessdate = 2014-05-06 | archive-date = 2013-04-13 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20130413225910/https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Persona | dead-url = no }}</ref>的網站安全[[身份驗證]]系統。

== 歷史 ==
Persona和[[OpenID]]、{{le|Facebook Connect}}等類似的身分驗證系統有相同的目標，唯Persona具有以下特點：

# 使用電子郵件地址當作唯一的身分識別方式。
# 更加強調用戶的隱私。
# 希望和瀏覽器完全整合。

由於既有的身分驗證提供單位並無法得知識別用戶的網站為何，因此Persona更加專注於用戶的隱私管理<ref>{{cite web | title = “How BrowserID differs from OpenID” | url = http://identity.mozilla.com/post/7669886219/how-browserid-differs-from-openid | author = Ben Adida <benadida> | date = 2011-07-15 | deadurl = yes | archiveurl = https://archive.today/20130129174959/http://identity.mozilla.com/post/7669886219/how-browserid-differs-from-openid | archivedate = 2013-01-29 | accessdate = 2014-05-06 }}</ref>。

Persona在2011年7月公開<ref>{{cite web | title = “Introducing BrowserID: A better way to sign in” | url = http://identity.mozilla.com/post/7616727542/introducing-browserid-a-better-way-to-sign-in | author = Mozilla Identity team | date = 2011-07-14 | deadurl = yes | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20130128201115/http://identity.mozilla.com/post/7616727542/introducing-browserid-a-better-way-to-sign-in | archivedate = 2013-01-28 | accessdate = 2014-05-06 }}</ref>，到2012年1月才正式對外開放<ref>{{cite web | title = Mozilla pushes browser-based alternative to passwords | url = http://www.theregister.co.uk/2012/01/20/browserid/ | author = Leyden, John | date = 2012-01-20 | accessdate = 2014-05-06 | archive-date = 2019-04-02 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20190402153836/https://www.theregister.co.uk/2012/01/20/browserid/ | dead-url = no }}</ref>。2014年3月7日，Mozilla宣布將負責Mozilla Persona的全職工程師調動至其他專案，並將Persona的開發交給社群。Mozilla只繼續提供服務本身和錯誤修正等支援<ref>{{cite web | title = Transitioning Persona to Community Ownership | url = http://identity.mozilla.com/post/78873831485/transitioning-persona-to-community-ownership | date = 2014-03-07 | deadurl = yes | archiveurl = https://archive.today/20140307204633/http://identity.mozilla.com/post/78873831485/transitioning-persona-to-community-ownership | archivedate = 2014-03-07 | accessdate = 2014-05-06 }}</ref>。

== 原則與實作 ==
Persona基於以BrowserID協定著名<ref>{{cite web | title = Glossary - "Persona" vs. "BrowserID" | url = https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Persona/Glossary | author = Mozilla Developer Network | date = 2012-11-26 | accessdate = 2014-05-06 | archive-date = 2013-01-21 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20130121085743/https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Persona/Glossary | dead-url = no }}</ref>的 VerifiedEmailProtocol<ref>{{cite web | title = “Verified Email Protocol: Overview and Introduction” | url = https://wiki.mozilla.org/Labs/Identity/VerifiedEmailProtocol | author = Mozilla Wiki | accessdate = 2014-05-06 | archive-date = 2020-09-24 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20200924092133/https://wiki.mozilla.org/Labs/Identity/VerifiedEmailProtocol | dead-url = no }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | title = How BrowserID Works | url = http://lloyd.io/how-browserid-works | author = lloyd's blog | date = 2011-07-01 | deadurl = yes | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20121225145026/http://lloyd.io/how-browserid-works | archivedate = 2012-12-25 | accessdate = 2014-05-06 }}</ref>，使用電子郵件地址作為用戶身分的驗證。此協定包含在瀏覽器、身分驗證提供者和任何網站上。

=== 瀏覽器、提供者與網站 ===
瀏覽器儲存用戶用來認證的電子郵件地址，並向加密的網站傳送使用者的電子郵件地址。憑證必須每24小時透過用戶登入（通常代表用戶必須在該網站上輸入電子郵件地址和密碼）來更新，登入之後即可用來認證瀏覽器，不必重新登入。憑證理論上可存放在任何身分提供者服務中，但目前仍須依賴Mozilla的伺服器。儘管此協定需要中央伺服器，但該伺服器僅能得知瀏覽器更新憑證，無法得知憑證將用在哪個網站。

=== 使用現有帳號登錄 ===
Mozilla在2013年7月發表了「使用現有帳號登錄（Identity Bridging）」功能。以往必須透過Mozilla傳送電子郵件給用戶確認連結，但透過現有帳號登錄功能，Persona可以直接向用戶的電子郵件提供商既有的[[OpenID]]或[[OAuth]]來驗證用戶身分。在此階段支援[[Yahoo]]電子郵件服務。在2013年8月，Mozilla宣布現有帳號登錄功能支援[[Gmail]]帳號。透過支援Yahoo和Gmail的現有帳號登錄功能，Persona等同於擁有超過700,000,000的活躍電子郵件用戶<ref>{{cite web | title = Mozilla Makes Signing in Easy for Gmail Users | url = http://identity.mozilla.com/post/57712756801/persona-makes-signing-in-easy-for-gmail-users | date = 2013-08-08 | deadurl = yes | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20130811153049/http://identity.mozilla.com/post/57712756801/persona-makes-signing-in-easy-for-gmail-users | archivedate = 2013-08-11 | accessdate = 2014-05-06 }}</ref>。

== 發展 ==
Persona相當依賴在客戶端瀏覽器執行的[[JavaScript]]程式。

支援Persona驗證的網站應用程式可以在[[Drupal]]<ref>{{cite web | title = Mozilla Persona | url = https://drupal.org/project/persona | author = Drupal | date = 2012-09-28 | accessdate = 2014-05-06 | archive-date = 2020-08-04 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20200804113327/https://www.drupal.org/project/persona | dead-url = no }}</ref>、[[WordPress]]<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://wordpress.org/support/plugin/browserid |title=存档副本 |accessdate=2014-05-06 |archive-date=2019-04-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190402153838/https://wordpress.org/support/plugin/browserid/ |dead-url=no }}</ref>等[[內容管理系統]]上實作。[[Phonegap]]平台（行動裝置的[[HTML5]]應用程式開發平台）亦可支援Persona<ref>{{cite web | title = couchbaselabs / cordova-browserid | url = https://github.com/couchbaselabs/cordova-browserid | accessdate = 2014-05-06 | archive-date = 2020-10-05 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20201005055807/https://github.com/couchbaselabs/cordova-browserid | dead-url = no }}</ref>。Mozilla提供自家的Persona伺服器（persona.org）。同時開發者也可設置自己的Persona驗證伺服器<ref>{{cite web | title = "Implementing a Persona IdP" | url = https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Persona/Implementing_a_Persona_IdP | author = Mozilla Developer Network (MDN) | accessdate = 2014-05-06 | archive-date = 2013-01-21 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20130121144919/https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Persona/Implementing_a_Persona_IdP | dead-url = no }}</ref>。

著名網站如[[Ting]]<ref>{{cite web | title = Ting implements Mozilla Persona | url = https://ting.com/blog/ting-implements-mozilla-persona/ | author = Ting.com | accessdate = 2014-05-06 | archive-date = 2020-10-01 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20201001195622/https://ting.com/blog/ting-implements-mozilla-persona/ | dead-url = no }}</ref>、[[泰晤士報]]、[[Trovebox]]和[[Voost]]等皆支援 Persona。

== 註解 ==
{{reflist}}

== 相關條目 ==
* [[OpenID]]

{{Mozilla}}

[[Category:Mozilla]]
[[Category:口令认证]]

Mozilla Persona - 版本历史

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