2025年1月15日 (三) 07:36 imported>Raymon090

2025-01-15T07:36:59Z

新页面

{{NoteTA
| G1 = IT
| G2 = Windows
| G3 = FL
}}
{{Infobox Software
| name = Metview
| logo = Metview logo.svg
| logo size = 128px
| screenshot =
| caption =
| author = [[歐洲中期天氣預報中心]]
| released = {{Start date and age|1991}}
| latest release = 5.17.0（{{Release date and age|2022|08|24}}）
| programming language = [[C++]]、[[C语言|C]]、[[Python]]及[[Qt]]
| operating_system = [[Linux]]、[[OS X]]
| platform =
| license = [[Apache许可证]]
| genre = [[科学可视化]]
| website = {{url|https://confluence.ecmwf.int/metview}}
}}
'''Metview'''是[[歐洲中期天氣預報中心]]所開發的氣象[[工作站]][[批处理任务]]的程式<ref name="Official Website">{{cite web|url=https://confluence.ecmwf.int/metview|title=Metview Official Website|publisher=ECMWF|access-date=2022-01-26|archive-date=2023-08-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230825095655/https://confluence.ecmwf.int/display/METV|dead-url=no}}</ref>。

==開發歷史==
Metview係由歐洲中期天氣預報中心在1990年代與{{le|巴西國家太空中心|National Institute for Space Research}}及[[法國氣象局]]偕同開發<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.ecmwf.int/sites/default/files/elibrary/2013/14581-newsletter-no138-winter-201314.pdf|title=News item in ECMWF Newsletter 138 (Winter 2013/2014): Metview's 20th Anniversary|last=Russell|first=Iain|date=January 2014|website=ECMWF|access-date=2023-08-25|archive-date=2021-12-27|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211227175215/https://www.ecmwf.int/sites/default/files/elibrary/2013/14581-newsletter-no138-winter-201314.pdf|dead-url=no}}</ref>。
{| class="wikitable"
!年份
!版本
!變動
|-
|1990
|宣告
|透過{{le|EGOWS|EGOWS}}宣告<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Daabeck|first=Jens|date=June 1990|title=Report from the EGOWS meeting|url=http://projects.knmi.nl/egows/01_EGOWS_1990.pdf|journal=EGOWS report|volume=1|access-date=2017-12-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305003756/http://projects.knmi.nl/egows/01_EGOWS_1990.pdf|archive-date=2016-03-05|url-status=dead}}</ref>
|-
|1991
|雛形
|由巴西國家太空中心創立批处理任务
|-
|1993
|1.0
|第一版批处理任务與建立[[使用者介面]]
|-
|1998
|2.0
|透過[[OpenGL]]創建視覺化界面
|-
|2000
|3.0
|新版使用者介面 (Motif)
|-
|2010
|4.0
|升級至Magics++圖型函式庫<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ams.confex.com/ams/90annual/techprogram/paper_162983.htm|title=2B.2 Metview 4 & Magics++ answering new challenges of increasing volumes of data (2010 - 90annual_26iips)|last=Siemen|first=Stephan|date=2017-12-02|website=ams.confex.com|access-date=2017-12-03|archive-date=2017-12-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171204171136/https://ams.confex.com/ams/90annual/techprogram/paper_162983.htm|dead-url=no}}</ref> 並基於[[Apache授權條款]]進行[[開源軟體|開源]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ams.confex.com/ams/93Annual/webprogram/Paper221909.html|title=Abstract: Metview: Helping to make best use of ECMWF's data (93rd American Meteorological Society Annual Meeting)|last=Siemen|first=Stephan|website=ams.confex.com|access-date=2017-12-03|archive-date=2023-06-05|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230605202615/https://ams.confex.com/ams/93Annual/webprogram/Paper221909.html|dead-url=no}}</ref>
|-
|2014
|4.5
|基於[[Qt]]4的新版使用者介面
|-
|2018
|5.0
|更新至Qt5，改善繪圖窗與使用Python介面
|}

==程式特色==
===使用者介面===
[[File:Screenshot of Metview desktop.png|thumb|此截圖顯示的是Metview基於圖示的使用者介面及其資料視覺化的功能]]
Metview有一個基於[[圖示]]的使用者介面，其中，氣象產品的任何方面都能以圖示展現，使用者可以透過圖示在繪圖區塊將資料視覺化<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://metview.readthedocs.io/en/latest/|title=Metview — metview documentation|publisher=ECMWF|access-date=2023-08-28|archive-date=2023-06-09|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230609050213/https://metview.readthedocs.io/en/latest/|dead-url=no}}</ref>。

Metview亦提供各種工具讓使用者瀏覽與顯示氣象文件格式的內容，例如[[GRIB]]、[[氣象資料二進制通用表示格式|BUFR]]、[[NetCDF]]及ODB<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://confluence.ecmwf.int/display/METV|title=Metview - ECMWF Conflunce Wiki|publisher=ECMWF|access-date=2023-08-25|archive-date=2019-06-01|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190601091015/https://confluence.ecmwf.int/display/METV|dead-url=no}}</ref>。

===Metview用以處理批次處理任務的巨集===
透過[[高階語言]]來進行[[巨集]]的設計，可以使氣象分析師或科學家更專注於嘗試去實現的工作/流程。
<syntaxhighlight lang="python">
# Metview Macro

# 從read()函式讀取GRIB檔案
a = read(mygrib1.grb)
b = read(mygrib2.grb)

# 計算兩者之間的差值
c = a-b

# 繪製結果
plot(c)
</syntaxhighlight>
此類巨集在2017年所釋出的版本中，即透過[[Python]]實現<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Russell|first=Iain|date=January 2020|title=Metview’s Python interface opens new possibilities|url=https://www.ecmwf.int/en/newsletter/162/computing/metviews-python-interface-opens-new-possibilities|journal=ECMWF Newsletter|volume=162|pages=36–39|access-date=2023-08-25|archive-date=2023-03-07|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230307162423/https://www.ecmwf.int/en/newsletter/162/computing/metviews-python-interface-opens-new-possibilities|dead-url=no}}</ref>。

===支援檔案格式===
Metview支援各類型的氣象數據格式作為輸入於輸出使用，包含：GRIB、BUFR<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Karhila|first=Vesa|date=July 2012|title=BUFR data and Metview|url=https://software.ecmwf.int/wiki/download/attachments/14158625/130_mv4.pdf?version=1&modificationDate=1343638698832&api=v2|journal=ECMWF Newsletter|volume=132|pages=34–36|access-date=2023-08-25|archive-date=2017-12-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171204061536/https://software.ecmwf.int/wiki/download/attachments/14158625/130_mv4.pdf?version=1&modificationDate=1343638698832&api=v2|dead-url=no}}</ref>、NetCDF、ODB（歐洲中期天氣預報中心的觀測數據庫）<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Kertesz|first=Sandor|date=January 2012|title=A new framework to handle ODB in Metview 4|url=https://software.ecmwf.int/wiki/download/attachments/14158625/130_mv4.pdf?version=1&modificationDate=1343638698832&api=v2|journal=ECMWF Newsletter|volume=130|pages=31–33|access-date=2023-08-25|archive-date=2017-12-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171204061536/https://software.ecmwf.int/wiki/download/attachments/14158625/130_mv4.pdf?version=1&modificationDate=1343638698832&api=v2|dead-url=no}}</ref>、本地端資料庫及ASCII資料文件（[[逗號分隔值]]、[[網格]]及[[離散]]數據）

==程式開發==
所有的主開發工作由歐洲中期天氣預報中心進行，大部分程式碼由C++編譯，並透過[[Git]]進行[[版本控制]]<ref>{{Cite journal|date=25 May 2021|title=ECMWF Copernicus Procurement - Copernicus Climate Change Service Volume II|url=https://climate.copernicus.eu/sites/default/files/2021-06/CJS2_211_Volume_II_final.pdf2|journal=ECMWF|dead-url=no}}{{Dead link}}</ref>，另透過[[CMake]]進行[[軟體組建]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://confluence.ecmwf.int/display/METV/CodesUI+-+Installation+guide|title=CodesUI - Installation guide - ECMWF Conflunce Wiki|publisher=ECMWF|access-date=2023-08-28|archive-date=2023-08-28|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230828135037/https://confluence.ecmwf.int/display/METV/CodesUI+-+Installation+guide|dead-url=no}}</ref>。

Metview亦會使用歐洲中期天氣預報中心所開發的其他程式封裝包。事實上，其為[https://software.ecmwf.int/wiki/display/UDOC/MARS+user+documentation MARS] {{Wayback|url=https://software.ecmwf.int/wiki/display/UDOC/MARS+user+documentation |date=20220120065348 }}的擴充客戶端，並透過其使用[https://software.ecmwf.int/wiki/display/ECC/ecCodes+Home ecCodes] {{Wayback|url=https://software.ecmwf.int/wiki/display/ECC/ecCodes+Home |date=20180623224227 }}來進行BUFR、GRIB的資料掌控及透過[https://software.ecmwf.int/magics Magics] {{Wayback|url=https://software.ecmwf.int/magics |date=20191016220405 }}進行資料的輪廓化及視覺化。

==程式發行==
Metview主要透過[[tar]]源文件以[[Apache授權條款]]2.0版釋出，並透過[[GitHub]]開源。

在[[Ubuntu]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/metview|title=metview package : Ubuntu|website=launchpad.net|language=|access-date=2017-12-02|archive-date=2023-08-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230825100215/https://launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/metview|dead-url=no}}</ref>及[[MacPorts]]<ref>{{Citation|title=macports-ports: The MacPorts ports tree|date=2017-12-01|url=https://github.com/macports/macports-ports|publisher=MacPorts|access-date=2017-12-02|archive-date=2021-08-06|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210806091548/https://github.com/macports/macports-ports|dead-url=no}}</ref>，可以透過[[Conda]]取得Metview的二進制版本使用。Metview亦透過[[Open Build Service]]提供主要的[[Linux]]發行版的[[RPM套件管理員|RPM]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://build.opensuse.org/package/show/home:SStepke/Metview|title=Show home:SStepke / Metview - openSUSE Build Service|website=build.opensuse.org|access-date=2017-12-02|archive-date=2017-12-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171203153835/https://build.opensuse.org/package/show/home:SStepke/Metview|dead-url=no}}</ref>。

==參考來源==
{{Reflist|30em}}

==外部連結==
* {{website|https://confluence.ecmwf.int/metview|官方網站}}

[[Category:科學軟體]]

Metview - 版本历史

2025年1月15日 (三) 07:36 imported>Raymon090