imported>Ohtashinichiro 来自 2026年5月6日 (三) 23:21

2026-05-06T23:21:02Z

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{{NoteTA|G1=IT|G2=FL}}
{{Infobox Software
| name = Metacity
| logo = Metacity.png
| logo size = 48px
| screenshot = Metacity-screenshot.png
| screenshot size = 220px
| caption = Metacity在[[GNOME]]上運行
| developer = [[GNOME]]開發組
| released = {{Start date and age|2002|10|04}}
| latest_release_version = 3.30.1
| latest_release_date = {{Release date and age|2018|09|09}}
| latest_preview_version = 3.25.2
| latest_preview_date = {{Release date and age|2017|07|02}}
| programming language = [[C语言]]
| operating system = [[Linux]], [[Solaris]], [[BSD]],其他[[类Unix]]
| platform = [[Unix-like]]
| language =
| genre = [[X窗口管理器]]
| license = [[GNU通用公共许可证]]
| website = https://blogs.gnome.org/metacity/
}}
'''Metacity'''（发音的押韵与“capacity”类似，重音在第二个音节上<ref>{{cite web |url=http://rpmfind.net/linux/RPM/ximian/gnome-2-snapshot/redhat-72-i386/metacity-2.4.3.0.200210290744-0.snap.ximian.1.i386.html |title=Description of the RPM package |accessdate=2006-10-17 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927225611/http://rpmfind.net/linux/RPM/ximian/gnome-2-snapshot/redhat-72-i386/metacity-2.4.3.0.200210290744-0.snap.ximian.1.i386.html |archivedate=2007-09-27 }}</ref>）曾经是[[GNOME]] 2[[桌面环境]]下默认的[[复合窗口管理器]]。<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.eweek.com/article2/0,1895,1157715,00.asp |title=GNOME 2.2 Gains Muscle and Polish |accessdate=2007-03-26 |archive-date=2013-06-25 |archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/6HeQKHPnE?url=http://www.eweek.com/c/a/Mobile-and-Wireless/HP-TouchPad-Needs-68-Weeks-for-Additional-Shipments-142584/ |dead-url=no }}</ref> Metacity的开发工作是由[[Havoc Pennington]]发起的，并且它以[[GNU通用公共许可证]]这个许可协议授权分发。

在GNOME 2.2正式引进Metacity之前，GNOME陆续使用了[[Enlightenment]]和[[Sawfish]]作为它的窗口管理器。虽然Metacity是GNOME工程的一部分来并且被设计为集成进GNOME桌面，但它并不需要GNOME才能运行。同样GNOME也可以使用各种不同的窗口管理器，只要它们支持[[ICCCM]]规范。

Metacity由[[GTK+]]实现，这使得它可以主题化并与其他GTK+应用程序相融合。

2011年，Gnome 3发布，Metacity被'''[[Mutter]]'''代替。於[[GNOME]] 3.12時，移植到GTK+ 3，成為GNOME Flashback的預設視窗管理員。

== 哲学 ==
Metacity的理念是简单和适用而非新颖和花哨。它的作者将其描述为“Boring window manager for the adult in you. Many window managers are like Marshmallow Froot Loops; Metacity is like [[Cheerios]]。”<ref>{{cite web |url=http://svn.gnome.org/viewvc/metacity/trunk/README?view=markup |title=README of Metacity |accessdate=2006-10-17 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://archive.today/20120715054630/http://svn.gnome.org/viewvc/metacity/trunk/README?view=markup |archivedate=2012-07-15 }}</ref>

== 主题 ==
尽管Metacity的主题开发文档还未完成，为Metacity而写的主题已经有很多了。你可以从GNOME的艺术站点[http://art.gnome.org art.gnome.org] {{Wayback|url=http://art.gnome.org/ |date=20070311231810 }}下载到非常多数量的主题。最流行的主题是[[Clearlooks]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://art.gnome.org/themes/metacity/?sort_by=rating&thumbnails_per_page=12&view=list&order=DESC|title=GNOME Art – window borders|accessdate=2006-10-17|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070311231810/http://art.gnome.org/themes/metacity/?sort_by=rating&thumbnails_per_page=12&view=list&order=DESC|archivedate=2007-03-11}}</ref>，从GNOME 2.12开始它已经成为GNOME的默认主题了。

== 争议 ==
Metacity不像GNOME以前的窗口管理器，它没有多少可配置的选项，它的默认设置成为争论的地方。Metacity认为这与GNOME的设计理念一样，是为了让新的电脑用户摆脱那些额外的像[[Sawfish]]和[[Enlightenment]]一样的配置<ref>{{cite web |url=http://software.newsforge.com/article.pl?sid=05/01/19/166244&tid=130&tid=132 |title=Innovations in window management |accessdate=2007-03-26 |archive-date=2013-08-14 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130814221644/http://software.newsforge.com/article.pl?sid=05/01/19/166244&tid=130&tid=132 |dead-url=yes }}</ref>。Havoc Pennington写了一篇论文来解释为什么它写了Metacity并且它使GNOME桌面变得更加易用<ref>{{cite web|url=http://ometer.com/free-software-ui.html|title=Free software and good user interfaces|accessdate=2006-10-17|archive-date=2011-08-23|archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/619aWvWWa?url=http://ometer.com/free-software-ui.html|dead-url=no}}</ref>。批評者认为Metacity已经牺牲了灵活性和与Unix应用程序相关联的控制能力。这个已经意识到的灵活性缺失导致了如[[Devil's Pie]][https://web.archive.org/web/20080220094520/http://burtonini.com/blog/computers/devilspie] 和[[Brightside]]这些扩展的开发。

== 引用 ==
<div class="references-small">
<references />
</div>

== 外部链接 ==
* [http://ftp.gnome.org/pub/gnome/sources/metacity Metacity下载点] {{Wayback|url=http://ftp.gnome.org/pub/gnome/sources/metacity |date=20200217140045 }}
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20131022050801/http://art.gnome.org/themes/metacity/ Metacity主题]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20090416233213/http://library.gnome.org/users/creating_metacity_themes/unstable/info.html.en Metacity主题详解, Thomas Thurman]

{{GNOME}}
{{X桌面环境与窗口管理器}}

[[Category:X視窗管理器]]
[[Category:GNOME]]
[[Category:用C編程的自由軟體]]
[[Category:使用GPL许可证的软件]]
[[Category:使用GTK+的软件]]

Metacity - 版本历史

imported>Ohtashinichiro 来自 2026年5月6日 (三) 23:21