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{{Infobox programming language
| name =MetaPost
| logo =[[File:MPlogo.svg|225px]]
| paradigm = [[指令式编程|指令式]]，[[排版]]
| year =
| designer = John D. Hobby
| developer = Taco Hoekwater
| latest_release_version = 1.001
| latest_release_date = {{release date and age|2007|11|14}}
| typing = [[推断类型]], [[动态类型]], [[强类型]]
| implementations =
| dialects =
| influenced_by =[[Metafont]]
| influenced =
| operating_system = [[跨平台]]
| license =[[公有领域]]
| website =[https://archive.today/20121209030037/http://foundry.supelec.fr/gf/project/metapost/ Development website]
| file_ext =
}}

'''MetaPost'''是一个[[程序语言]]和它的[[编译器]]的名字，衍生于[[高德纳]]的[[Metafont]]。MetaPost擅长通过数学描述制作矢量图，生成的图片为[[PostScript]]格式。它的语法来自[[Metafont]]。

== 实例 ==
这个文件<tt>example.mp</tt>通过MetaPost的编译器编译（在[[Linux]]系统中使用<code>mpost</code>命令）之后产生了3个[[EPS文件]]： <tt>example.1</tt>, <tt>example.2</tt>, <tt>example.3</tt>。这三个文件就是右边的三张图
[[Image:Metapost ex.svg|thumb|198px|right|example outputs]]
<syntaxhighlight lang="postscript">
transform pagecoords;
pagecoords:=identity scaled 10mm shifted (100mm,150mm);
beginfig (1)
fill ((0,0)--(2,0)--(2,1)--(1,1)--(1,2)--(0,2)--cycle)
transformed pagecoords withcolor green;
draw ((2,0)..(2,1)..(1,1)..(1,2)..(0,2))
transformed pagecoords;
drawarrow ((0,0)--(2,2)) transformed pagecoords;
endfig;
beginfig (2)
draw (for i=0 up to 7: dir (135i)-- endfor cycle)
transformed pagecoords;
endfig;
pagecoords:=identity scaled 15mm shifted (100mm,150mm);
beginfig (3);
% declare paths to be used
path p[],p[]t;
% set up points by defining relationships
z1=(0,0); z2=z1+2up;
z3=z1+whatever*dir (60)=z2+whatever*dir (-50);
z4=z3+(-1.5,-.5);
z5=z1+dir (135);
z0=whatever[z1,z2]=whatever[z3,z4];
% set up paths
p0=fullcircle yscaled .5 rotated 45 shifted z0 ;
p1=z2—z4..z0..z3---z1;
p2=p1 cutbefore p0 cutafter p0;
p3=p0 cutbefore p1 cutafter p1;
p4=p2—p3—cycle;
% define transformed versions of paths and points
for i=0 up to 4: p[i]t=p[i] transformed pagecoords; endfor
for i=0 up to 5: z[i]t=z[i] transformed pagecoords; endfor
% do some drawing
fill p4t withcolor (1,1,0.2);
draw z1t—z2t withcolor .5white;
draw z3t—z4t withcolor .5white;
pickup pencircle;
draw p0t dashed withdots scaled .3;
draw p1t dashed evenly;
draw p2t withcolor blue;
draw p3t withcolor red;
label.lrt (btex $z_0$ etex, z0t);
label.llft (btex $z_1$ etex, z1t);
label.top (btex $z_2$ etex, z2t);
label.rt (btex $z_3$ etex, z3t);
label.llft (btex $z_4$ etex, z4t);
for i=0 up to 4:
drawdot z[i]t withpen pencircle scaled 2;
endfor
endfig;
bye
</syntaxhighlight>

产生的3个eps文件可以直接用在[[TeX]]中（通过[[LaTeX]]的<code>\includegraphics</code>命令、[[ConTeXt]]的<code>\externalfigure</code>命令、Plain TeX的<code>\epsfbox</code>命令，或者Plain pdftex中来自<tt>supp-pdf.tex</tt>的<code>\convertMPtoPDF</code>命令。为了看或者打印这三张图片，这些引用是必须的，因为TeX的字体([[Metafont]])并不包含在MetaPost产生的eps文件中。

== 参见 ==
{{portal|自由软件|Free Software Portal Logo.svg}}
* [[PGF/TikZ]]

== 参考 ==
{{refbegin}}
* MetaFun (modules for Metapost) by Hans Hagen, [http://wiki.contextgarden.net/MetaFun] {{Wayback|url=http://wiki.contextgarden.net/MetaFun |date=20190928064515 }}
*[[Donald Knuth]]: ''The [[METAFONT]]book'', ([[Computers and Typesetting]] Volume C) [[Addison-Wesley]] 1986. ISBN 0-201-13444-6
*Comprehensive T<sub>E</sub>X Archive Network ([[CTAN]]): http://www.ctan.org/ {{Webarchive|url=https://archive.today/20121209004851/http://dante.ctan.org/tex-archive/help/Catalogue/index.html |date=2012-12-09 }}. Repository of the T<sub>E</sub>X source and hundreds of add-ons and style files.
*(La)TeX Navigator provides 305 simple MetaPost examples: https://web.archive.org/web/20130727021112/http://tex.loria.fr/prod-graph/zoonekynd/metapost/metapost.html
*Taco Hoekwater: [http://www.tug.org/TUGboat/Articles/tb27-1/tb86hoekwater-metapost.pdf MetaPost developments—autumn 2006] {{Wayback|url=http://www.tug.org/TUGboat/Articles/tb27-1/tb86hoekwater-metapost.pdf |date=20160303210501 }}. ''TUGboat'' '''27''':1 (2006).
{{refend}}

== 外部链接 ==
*The TeX users group ([[TeX Users Group|TUG]]) http://www.tug.org/ {{Wayback|url=http://www.tug.org/ |date=20120204061616 }} has a page devoted to MetaPost: http://www.tug.org/metapost.html{{Wayback|url=http://www.tug.org/metapost.html |date=20120204061624 }}
*Active development of MetaPost continues at https://web.archive.org/web/20070929092912/http://foundry.supelec.fr/projects/metapost/
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20081113124212/http://cryp.to/funcmp/ Functional MetaPost] allows MetaPost to be used from the functional programming language [[Haskell (programming language)|Haskell]]
*John D. Hobby has a homepage at https://web.archive.org/web/20131003040005/http://ect.bell-labs.com/who/hobby/index.shtml and some other pages and publications devoted to MetaPost, though these are now a little dated
**Historic MetaPost homepage: https://web.archive.org/web/20081212090123/http://ect.bell-labs.com/who/hobby/MetaPost.shtml
**''A User's Manual for MetaPost'' John D. Hobby. Available as a file mpman.ps distributed with MetaPost, or from the [https://web.archive.org/web/20051217231314/http://cm.bell-labs.com/cm/cs/doc/92/2-21.ps.gz Bell Labs web site]. Also available in [http://www.tug.org/tutorials/mp/mpman.pdf PDF format] {{Wayback|url=http://www.tug.org/tutorials/mp/mpman.pdf |date=20200803235236 }} from [[CTAN]].


{{矢量图形置标语言}}
{{Free and open-source typography}}
{{TeX navbox}}

[[Category:领域特定语言]]
[[Category:矢量图形置标语言]]
[[Category:TeX]]
[[Category:公有领域软件]]
[[Category:1994年建立的程式語言]]

MetaPost - 版本历史

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