imported>Adachan06：/* 發行版本 */ 修正失效錨點

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發行版本：修正失效錨點

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{{NoteTA
|G1=IT
|1=zh-hans:乔布斯; zh-tw:賈伯斯; zh-hk:喬布斯;
}}
{{Infobox OS version
| name = Mac OS X v10.6 Snow Leopard
| logo = OSXLeopard.svg
| logo_size = 60px
| screenshot = Snow_Leopard_Desktop.png
| caption =
| family = Mac OS X
| developer = [[苹果公司]]
| website = {{ubl|[http://www.apple.com.cn/support/snowleopard/ 中國大陸支援網站]|[http://www.apple.com/tw/support/snowleopard/ 台灣支援網站]|[http://www.apple.com/hk/support/snowleopard/ 香港支援網站]}}
| source_model = [[封闭源代码]]（包含[[开源]]组件）
| license = [[苹果公共源代码许可证|APSL]]和Apple [[最终用户许可协议|EULA]]
| kernel_type = [[32位元]]与[[64位元]][[混合内核]]
| updatemodel = [[Apple Software Update]]
| supported_platforms = [[IA-32]]、[[x86-64]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=Mac OS X v10.6 Snow Leopard - Installation and Setup Guide |url=http://manuals.info.apple.com/en_US/Snow_Leopard_Installation_Instructions.pdf |date=2009-09|publisher=苹果公司 |accessdate=2009-09-20 |archive-date=2011-06-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110614173416/http://manuals.info.apple.com/en_US/Snow_Leopard_Installation_Instructions.pdf |dead-url=no }}</ref>
| first_release_date = {{sda|2009|8|28}}
| preceded_by = [[Mac OS X Leopard]]
| succeeded_by = [[Mac OS X Lion]]
| support_status = 2014年2月25日之後停止支援<br>（2016年1月釋出升級至Mac App Store的更新檔）<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://arstechnica.com/apple/2016/01/apple-updates-snow-leopard-so-you-can-continue-to-upgrade-from-snow-leopard/ |title=Apple updates Snow Leopard so you can continue to upgrade from Snow Leopard|publisher=Ars Technica |accessdate=2017-02-01 |archive-date=2016-01-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160128102025/http://arstechnica.com/apple/2016/01/apple-updates-snow-leopard-so-you-can-continue-to-upgrade-from-snow-leopard/ |dead-url=no }}</ref>
}}
'''Mac OS X v10.6 Snow Leopard'''是由[[蘋果公司]]所發布及販售的[[作業系統]]，適用於[[麥金塔|麥金塔電腦]]，于2009年8月28日在全球上市，分为个人版和可供五人使用的家庭版。这是[[Mac OS X]]一个简单、功能更强大完善的版本。它提供了大量的改进功能、新一代技术、内置的Microsoft Exchange Server 支持以及新辅助功能。

本版本在[[OS X Mavericks]]发布后，仍继续发售光盘版本。

== 开发者相关技术 ==
=== 64位构架 ===
[[Mac OS X v10.4]]在支持64位的机种上增加了有限的[[64位]]应用程序支持；[[Mac OS X v10.5]]将64位应用程序支持扩展到了大多数Mac OS X的库和框架上。

Mac OS X 10.6中，绝大多数内建的应用程序都已经重新编译以支持[[x86-64]][[指令集架構|架构]]（除了[[iTunes]]，[[Front Row]]，[[Grapher]]和[[DVD播放程式 (macOS)|DVD播放程式]]以外）<ref>{{cite web|title=Mac OS X — New technologies in Snow Leopard|url=http://www.apple.com/macosx/technology/#sixtyfourbit|accessdate=2009-08-29|date=|publisher=Apple|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20091112005921/http://www.apple.com/macosx/technology/#sixtyfourbit|archivedate=2009-11-12|deadurl=yes}}</ref>。利用[[Mach-O]]的[[通用二进制]]特性，这些程序在32位处理器上可以以32位模式运行，在64位处理器上则可以以64位模式运行，在加载时自动选择最合适的版本。同时，内核和内核扩展也可以使用通用二进制格式以同时支持两种构架。

同时，为了可以在某些机种上以64位模式运行，Mac OS X [[内核]]也进行了重新编译。在不是默认运行64位模式的机种上，用户需要在启动时按住数字键6和4以使用64位内核<ref>{{cite web|title=Mac OS X Server v10.6: Starting up with the 32-bit or 64-bit kernel|url=http://support.apple.com/kb/HT3773|accessdate=2009-09-06|publisher=Apple|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090831153411/http://support.apple.com/kb/HT3773|archive-date=2009-08-31|dead-url=no}}</ref><ref name="cnet-64bit">{{cite web|title=64-bit Snow Leopard defaults to 32-bit kernel|url=http://news.cnet.com/8301-13579_3-10320314-37.html?tag=rtcol;pop|accessdate=2009-09-06|publisher=[[CNET]]}}{{Dead link}}</ref>，或更改com.apple.Boot.plist使得以默认64位内核方式启动。反之，在默认加载64位内核的情况下，可以在开机时按住数字键3和2以使用32位内核。64位内核只支持64位的[[内核扩展]]，反之亦然；普通应用程序则无此限制，唯独32位程序只能使用4GB的内存空间<ref name="arstechnicaMacOSX64bit">{{cite web|title=Mac OS X 10.6 Snow Leopard: the Ars Technica review|url=http://arstechnica.com/apple/reviews/2009/08/mac-os-x-10-6.ars/5|accessdate=2010-06-20|author=John Siracusa|publisher=Ars Technica LLC|archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/69swuj0Ua?url=http://arstechnica.com/apple/2009/08/mac-os-x-10-6/5/|archive-date=2012-08-13|dead-url=no}}</ref><ref name="Apple64Bit">{{cite web|title=Mac OS X Technology|url=http://www.apple.com/macosx/technology/|accessdate=2010-05-24|publisher=Apple|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20091112005921/http://www.apple.com/macosx/technology/|archivedate=2009-11-12|deadurl=yes}}</ref> 。

在10.6.0版系统上，只有下列机种可以开启64位内核功能：<ref>{{cite web|title=Mac OS X 10.6 Snow Leopard: the Ars Technica review|url=http://arstechnica.com/apple/reviews/2009/08/mac-os-x-10-6.ars/5|accessdate=2009-09-06|author=John Siracusa|publisher=Ars Technica|archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/69swuj0Ua?url=http://arstechnica.com/apple/2009/08/mac-os-x-10-6/5/|archive-date=2012-08-13|dead-url=no|page=5}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Mac OS X Server v10.6: Macs that use the 64-bit kernel|url=http://support.apple.com/kb/HT3770|accessdate=2009-11-22|author=Apple, Inc.|date=2009-08-27|language=en, ja|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101205233913/http://support.apple.com/kb/HT3770|archive-date=2010-12-05|dead-url=no|quote=Learn which Macs can use the 64-bit kernel in Mac OS X Server v10.6, and which use it by default.}}</ref>
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! 产品
! 型号名
! 64位内核状态
|-
| Early 2008 Mac Pro
| MacPro3,1
| 可开启
|-
| Early 2008 Xserve
| Xserve2,1
| 默认
|-
| MacBook Pro 15″/17″
| MacBookPro4,1
| 可开启
|-
| iMac
| iMac8,1
| 可开启
|-
| Unibody MacBook Pro 13″
| MacBookPro5,5
| 可开启
|-
| Unibody MacBook Pro 15″
| MacBookPro5,1
| 可开启
|-
| Unibody MacBook Pro 17″
| MacBookPro5,2
| 可开启
|-
| Mac Pro
| MacPro4,1
| 可开启
|-
| iMac
| iMac9,1
| 可开启
|-
| Early 2009 Xserve
| Xserve3,1
| 默认
|-
| Early 2009 Mac mini
| Macmini3,1
| 可开启
|}

{{note|*|*}} Amit Singh与Allen Dunahoo声称early 2009 Mac Mini 和 Early 2009 MacBook 13" 机型有可能可以开启64位内核。若使用[[OnyX]]，也可以让Unibody MacBook使用64位内核<ref>{{cite web|title=Mac OS X Internals: The Blog << Blog Archive >>; Is Your Machine Good Enough for Snow Leopard K64?|url=http://www.osxbook.com/blog/2009/08/31/is-your-machine-good-enough-for-snow-leopard-k64|accessdate=13 October 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200602233051/http://osxbook.com/blog/2009/08/31/is-your-machine-good-enough-for-snow-leopard-k64/|archive-date=2020-06-02|dead-url=no}}</ref>。

=== Grand Central Dispatch ===
[[Grand Central Dispatch]]可以利用新的Mac上的[[多核处理器]]取得更好的性能。由于为多核CPU进行[[程序优化]]的技术难度，多数程序并没有有效的利用多核的特性<ref>{{cite web|title=Mac OS X 10.6 Snow Leopard: the Ars Technica review|url=http://arstechnica.com/apple/reviews/2009/08/mac-os-x-10-6.ars/11|accessdate=2010-09-16|author=John Siracusa|date=August 31, 2009|work=Ars Technica|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120509075510/http://arstechnica.com/apple/reviews/2009/08/mac-os-x-10-6.ars/11|archive-date=2012-05-09|dead-url=no}}</ref>，因此，多核处理器的能力常常没有得到完全的应用。Grand Central Dispatch包含一些可以帮助开发者有效的利用多核特性进行[[并行计算]]的[[API]]。

Grand Central Dispatch将线程编程的焦点移到了编程自身，而将开发者从原有的将任务平均分配到各个核上、清除无用线程使用的内存等繁琐过程中解放出来，使优化性能变得更为容易。Apple也给出了用于开发者编写的程序的Grand Central Dispatch API，也允许开发者分析Grand Central Dispatch程序中特定模块的性能。<ref>{{cite news|first=John|last=Markoff|authorlink=|title=Apple in Parallel: Turning the PC World Upside Down?|url=http://bits.blogs.nytimes.com/2008/06/10/apple-in-parallel-turning-the-pc-world-upside-down/|work=Bits|publisher=New York Times|date=2008-06-10|accessdate=2008-06-11|archive-date=2011-01-11|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110111073540/http://bits.blogs.nytimes.com/2008/06/10/apple-in-parallel-turning-the-pc-world-upside-down/|dead-url=no}}</ref>

一种称为「[[块 (C语言扩展)|块]]」（blocks）新的[[C语言]]和[[Objective-C]]语言特性使得开发者可以更简便的优化程序，以应用Grand Central Dispatch的优点。<ref>{{cite news|first=Chris|last=Lattner|authorlink=|title="Blocks" in Clang (aka closures)|url=http://lists.cs.uiuc.edu/pipermail/cfe-dev/2008-August/002670.html|date=2008-08-27|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110904020457/http://lists.cs.uiuc.edu/pipermail/cfe-dev/2008-August/002670.html|archivedate=2011-09-04|accessdate=2010-09-16}}</ref><ref>{{cite|first=Alan|last=Quatermain|authorlink=|title=Comment on Article: Cocoa for Scientists (Part XXVII): Getting Closure with Objective-C|url=http://www.macresearch.org/cocoa-scientists-part-xxvii-getting-closure-objective-c#comment-14138|publisher=MacResearch|date=2008-09-01|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20081201160012/http://www.macresearch.org/cocoa-scientists-part-xxvii-getting-closure-objective-c#comment-14138|archivedate=2008-12-01|accessdate=2010-09-16}}</ref><ref>{{cite|authorlink=苹果公司|title=Grand Central Dispatch A better way to do multicore.|url=http://images.apple.com/macosx/technology/docs/GrandCentral_TB_brief_20090608.pdf|publisher=[[Apple Inc]]|date=2009|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090612043735/http://images.apple.com/macosx/technology/docs/GrandCentral_TB_brief_20090608.pdf|archivedate=2009-06-12|accessdate=2010-09-16}}</ref>

=== OpenCL ===
[[OpenCL]]允许在任意程序中利用[[GPU]]的运算能力，而不限于类似于3D游戏的偏重图形的程序。OpenCL自动的为Mac中的GPU种类而优化，并利用可用的运算能力。OpenCL提供了连续的数值精度，并修正了妨碍基于GPU编程的一个问题。<ref>{{cite|title=OpenCL Taking the graphics processor beyond graphics.|url=http://images.apple.com/macosx/technology/docs/OpenCL_TB_brief_20090608.pdf|publisher=[[苹果公司]]|date=2009|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090711083408/http://images.apple.com/macosx/technology/docs/OpenCL_TB_brief_20090608.pdf|archivedate=2009-07-11|accessdate=2010-09-16}}</ref>

OpenCL的目的与[[Nvidia]]的C语言框架[[CUDA]]以及[[微软]]的[[Direct3D#Direct3D 11|Direct3D 11]]计算技术相似。

OpenCL只能在下列GPU上工作： NVIDIA GeForce 320M, GT 330M, 9400M, 9600M GT, 8600M GT, GT 120, GT 130, GTX 285, 8800 GT, 8800 GS, Quadro FX 4800, FX 5600 and ATI Radeon HD 4670, HD 4850, HD 4870, HD 5670, HD 5750, HD 5770, HD 5870.<ref name="techspecs">{{cite web|title=Mac OS X Snow Leopard: Technical Specs|url=http://www.apple.com/macosx/specs.html|accessdate=2009-06-12|author=[[Apple Inc.]]|work=Apple Inc.|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120519065345/http://www.apple.com/macosx/specs.html|archive-date=2012-05-19|dead-url=no}}</ref>

=== CUPS ===
[[CUPS]] （是在许多[[类Unix]]系统上应用的打印系统）被升级到了1.4版，提供了改进的驱动，网络，[[Kerberos]]支持以及一些性能改进。CUPS 1.4也是第一个支持[[互联网列印协定]]2.1版的实现。<ref>{{cite news|first=Michael|last=Sweet|authorlink=|title=IPP/2.1 support now in CUPS 1.4svn!|url=http://www.pwg.org/archives/ipp/2009/005553.html|work=Bits|publisher=[[Printer Working Group]]|date=2009-01-09|accessdate=2009-06-05|archive-date=2009-08-15|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090815201046/http://www.pwg.org/archives/ipp/2009/005553.html|dead-url=no}}</ref>

=== 电源管理 ===

电源管理也有所改进，包含了支持了更多硬件[[按需唤醒]]功能的实现。<ref name="macworld-glenn">{{cite web|title=Wake on Demand lets Snow Leopard sleep with one eye open|url=http://www.macworld.com/article/142468/2009/08/wake_on_demand.html|accessdate=2009-09-15|author=Glenn Fleishman|date=2009-08-28|publisher=Macworld.com|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090916005930/http://www.macworld.com/article/142468/2009/08/wake_on_demand.html|archive-date=2009-09-16|dead-url=no|quote=How it works", "Energy Saver preference pane}}</ref> 按需唤醒利用了一些在[[AirPort]]与[[Time Capsule]]等路由设备[[Sleep proxy service]]中实现的优点，<ref name="apple-support-doc">{{cite web|title=Mac OS X v10.6: About Wake on Demand (Apple Article HT3774)|url=http://support.apple.com/kb/HT3774|accessdate=2009-09-15|date=2009-08-27|publisher=Apple|language=|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090831113247/http://support.apple.com/kb/HT3774|archive-date=2009-08-31|dead-url=no|quote=Setting up Wake on Demand", "Setting up a Bonjour Sleep Proxy}}</ref>因此计算机可以在路由器响应[[mDNS]]请求时睡眠。若请求需要唤醒主机，则路由会向睡眠的计算机发送必要的特殊[[网路唤醒#魔法封包|唤醒封包]]<ref>Note: The networking industry nomenclature for a wake-up-packet is [[網路喚醒#魔法封包|Magic Packet]]</ref> 。

== 發行版本 ==
{|class="wikitable"
|-
!|版本
!|Build
!|日期
!|[[uname|系统名称]]
!|备注
!|下载
|-
|rowspan=2 |10.6
||10A432
|rowspan=2 |2009年8月28日
|rowspan=2 |[[Apple Darwin|Darwin]] 10.0
||第一個零售版本
|rowspan=2 {{n/a}}
|-
||10A433
||第一個伺服器零售版本
|-
||10.6.1
||10B504
||2009年9月10日
||Darwin 10.1
||[http://support.apple.com/kb/HT3810 About the Mac OS X v10.6.1 Update] {{Wayback|url=http://support.apple.com/kb/HT3810 |date=20140724060136 }}
||[http://support.apple.com/kb/DL930 Mac OS X v10.6.1 Update] {{Wayback|url=http://support.apple.com/kb/DL930 |date=20140701145653 }}
|-
||10.6.2
||10C540
||2009年11月9日
||Darwin 10.2
||[http://support.apple.com/kb/HT3874 About the Mac OS X v10.6.2 Update] {{Wayback|url=http://support.apple.com/kb/HT3874 |date=20141027235208 }}
||[http://support.apple.com/kb/DL958 Mac OS X v10.6.2 Update] {{Wayback|url=http://support.apple.com/kb/DL958 |date=20140228154527 }}
|-
|rowspan=3 |10.6.3
||10D573
||2010年3月29日
|rowspan=3 |Darwin 10.3
||[http://support.apple.com/kb/HT4014 About the Mac OS X v10.6.3 Update] {{Wayback|url=http://support.apple.com/kb/HT4014 |date=20141010112108 }}
||[http://support.apple.com/kb/DL1018 Mac OS X v10.6.3 Update] {{Wayback|url=http://support.apple.com/kb/DL1018 |date=20150217170004 }}
|-
||10D575
||
||第二零售發佈版本
|{{n/a}}
|-
||10D578
||2010年4月13日
||[http://support.apple.com/kb/HT4014 About the Mac OS X v10.6.3 Update] {{Wayback|url=http://support.apple.com/kb/HT4014 |date=20141010112108 }}; v1.1
||[http://support.apple.com/kb/DL1017 Mac OS X v10.6.3 v1.1 Update (Combo)] {{Wayback|url=http://support.apple.com/kb/DL1017 |date=20150225092906 }}
|-
||10.6.4
||10F569
||2010年6月15日
||Darwin 10.4
||[http://support.apple.com/kb/HT4150 About the Mac OS X v10.6.4 Update] {{Wayback|url=http://support.apple.com/kb/HT4150 |date=20140928100124 }}
||[http://support.apple.com/kb/DL1048 Mac OS X v10.6.4 Update (Combo)] {{Wayback|url=http://support.apple.com/kb/DL1048 |date=20141228053148 }}
|-
||10.6.5
||10H574
||2010年11月11日
||Darwin 10.5
||[http://support.apple.com/kb/HT4250 About the Mac OS X v10.6.5 Update] {{Wayback|url=http://support.apple.com/kb/HT4250 |date=20141010095826 }}
||[http://support.apple.com/kb/DL1324 Mac OS X v10.6.5 Update (Combo)] {{Wayback|url=http://support.apple.com/kb/DL1324 |date=20150216011034 }}
|-
||10.6.6
||10J567
||2011年1月6日
||Darwin 10.6
||[http://support.apple.com/kb/HT4459 About the Mac OS X v10.6.6 Update] {{Wayback|url=http://support.apple.com/kb/HT4459 |date=20140924062240 }}
||[http://support.apple.com/kb/DL1349 Mac OS X v10.6.6 Update (Combo)] {{Wayback|url=http://support.apple.com/kb/DL1349 |date=20150225174221 }}
|-
||10.6.7
||10J869
||2011年3月21日
||Darwin 10.7
||[http://support.apple.com/kb/HT4472 About the Mac OS X v10.6.7 Update] {{Wayback|url=http://support.apple.com/kb/HT4472 |date=20140923080743 }}
||[http://support.apple.com/kb/DL1361 Mac OS X v10.6.7 Update (Combo)] {{Wayback|url=http://support.apple.com/kb/DL1361 |date=20150225092936 }}
|-
|rowspan=2 |10.6.8
||10K540
||2011年6月23日
|rowspan=2 |Darwin 10.8
||[http://support.apple.com/kb/HT4561 About the Mac OS X v10.6.8 Update] {{Wayback|url=http://support.apple.com/kb/HT4561 |date=20140919014023 }}
||Mac OS X v10.6.8 Update (Combo)
|-
||10K549
||2011年7月25日
||[http://support.apple.com/kb/HT4561 About the Mac OS X v10.6.8 Update] {{Wayback|url=http://support.apple.com/kb/HT4561 |date=20140919014023 }}; v1.1
||[http://support.apple.com/kb/DL1399 Mac OS X v10.6.8 v1.1 Update (Combo)] {{Wayback|url=http://support.apple.com/kb/DL1399 |date=20150225092941 }}
|}

== 参考文献 ==
{{reflist|2}}

{{Mac OS X}}
{{由蘋果公司開發的作業系統}}

[[Category:MacOS]]
[[Category:2009年软件]]
[[Category:苹果操作系统]]

Mac OS X Snow Leopard - 版本历史

imported>Adachan06：​/* 發行版本 */ 修正失效錨點

imported>Adachan06：/* 發行版本 */ 修正失效錨點