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{{NoteTA
|G1=IT
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{{Infobox software
| name = MSBuild
| logo = MSBuild logo (2024).svg
| logo size = 64px
| developer = [[微软]]
| released = {{Start date and age|2003|df=dmy}}
| discontinued =
| latest release version = v17.0.0
| latest release date = {{Start date and age|2021|11|02|df=dmy}}<ref>{{cite web |title=Latest release |department=Microsoft/msbuild |url=https://github.com/Microsoft/msbuild/releases/latest |website=[[GitHub]] |publisher=[[微软]] |access-date=2022-02-15}}</ref>
| programming language = [[C♯|C#]]
| operating system = [[跨平臺]]
| platform = [[.NET框架]]、[[.NET]]
| size =
| language =
| language count = 
| language footnote =
| genre = [[組建自動化]]
| license = [[MIT許可證]]
}}
'''Microsoft Build Engine'''（通常简称'''MSBuild'''<ref>{{Cite web|title=microsoft/msbuild: The Microsoft Build Engine (MSBuild) is the build platform for .NET and Visual Studio|url=https://github.com/Microsoft/msbuild|access-date=2019-07-23|work=[[GitHub]]|publisher=[[Microsoft]]|archive-date=2015-04-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150429205525/https://github.com/Microsoft/msbuild}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite book|title=Inside the Microsoft Build Engine: Using MSBuild and Team Foundation Build|url=https://archive.org/details/insidemicrosoftb0000hash_t2j0|year=2009|publisher=Microsoft Press|isbn=978-0-7356-2628-7|first=Sayed Ibrahim|last=Hashimi|first2=William|last2=Bartholomew|pages=[https://archive.org/details/insidemicrosoftb0000hash_t2j0/page/406 406]}}</ref>）是一个[[自由及开放源代码软件|自由且开源]]的[[組建自動化|构建工具]]集，适用于[[受控代碼|托管代码]]以及原生[[C++]]代码，是[[.NET框架]]的一部分。[[Microsoft Visual Studio]]依赖于 MSBuild，MSBuild也依赖于Visual Studio。 <ref name="Prime">{{Cite web|title=MSBuild|url=https://docs.microsoft.com/visualstudio/msbuild/msbuild|access-date=2019-07-23|work=[[Microsoft Docs]]}}</ref>

== 概述 ==
MSBuild是一套构建工具，用于帮助软件产品创建流程的自动化，包括[[編譯器|编译]][[源代码]]、[[软件包管理系统|打包]]、测试、[[软件部署|部署]]和创建文档。使用MSBuild可以在不安装Visual Studio [[集成开发环境|IDE]]的情况下构建 Visual Studio项目和解决方案。MSBuild是[[自由及开放源代码软件|自由且开源]]的软件。<ref>{{Cite web|title=MSBuild Engine is now Open Source on GitHub|url=https://devblogs.microsoft.com/dotnet/msbuild-engine-is-now-open-source-on-github/|access-date=2019-07-23|author=Lander|date=2015-03-18|first=Rich|work=MSDN Blogs|publisher=[[Microsoft]]|archive-date=2021-11-24|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211124165422/https://devblogs.microsoft.com/dotnet/msbuild-engine-is-now-open-source-on-github/}}</ref> MSBuild曾经是[[.NET框架]]的一部分，但从[[Microsoft Visual Studio|Visual Studio 2013]]开始成为Visual Studio产品的组件之一。 <ref name="msb12" />MSBuild是[[Make|nmake]]实用程序在功能上的替代品，不过nmake实用程序仍在源自早期Visual Studio版本的项目中使用。

MSBuild作用于与[[Apache Ant]]和{{tsl|en|NAnt}}有相似[[XML]]语法的MSBuild项目文件。尽管语法基于定义明确的[[XML Schema 语言|XML模式]]，但其基本结构和操作与传统的Unix [[make]]实用程序相当：用户指定使用什么（通常是源代码文件）以及结果是什么（通常是静态库、DLL或可执行应用程序），而实用程序本身决定做什么以及执行构建的顺序。

MSBuild可以依照选择来针对其支持的.NET框架版本构建项目，此功能被称为“多目标”。不过，同一时间只能指定一个.NET框架目标版本。<ref>{{Cite web|title=MSBuild multitargeting overview|url=https://docs.microsoft.com/visualstudio/msbuild/msbuild-multitargeting-overview|access-date=2019-07-23|work=[[Microsoft Docs]]}}</ref>

== 历史 ==
MSBuild的创建始于2003年，针对在[[Microsoft Visual Studio|Visual Studio 2005]]（代号Whidbey）<ref>{{Cite web|title=Building, Testing, and Deployment|url=http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/88fx1xy0(VS.80).aspx#rtmbuildtestdeploy|work=MSDN|publisher=Microsoft|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140826051347/http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/88fx1xy0(VS.80).aspx#rtmbuildtestdeploy|archive-date=2014-08-26}}</ref>和[[Windows Vista]]（代号Longhorn）中使用的.NET Framework 2.0。<ref name="Sneath2004">{{Cite web|title=MSBuild: The New Build System for Visual Studio 2005 and Longhorn|url=https://blogs.msdn.microsoft.com/tims/2004/07/19/msbuild-the-new-build-system-for-visual-studio-2005-and-longhorn/|access-date=2018-04-22|author=Sneath|date=2004-07-19|first=Tim|work=MSDN Blogs|archive-date=2019-12-18|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191218033029/https://blogs.msdn.microsoft.com/tims/2004/07/19/msbuild-the-new-build-system-for-visual-studio-2005-and-longhorn/}}</ref> <ref name="England2010">{{Cite web|title=Getting Started with MSBuild|url=https://blogs.msdn.microsoft.com/visualstudio/2010/02/25/getting-started-with-msbuild/|access-date=2018-04-22|author=England|date=2010-02-25|first=Chuck|work=MSDN Blogs|archive-date=2019-01-12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190112214049/https://blogs.msdn.microsoft.com/visualstudio/2010/02/25/getting-started-with-msbuild/}}</ref>

== 版本 ==
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! 版本 !! .NET Framework !! Visual Studio版本 !! 常见安装位置（x86）<ref>{{cite web |title=Standard and custom Toolset configurations |url=https://docs.microsoft.com/visualstudio/msbuild/standard-and-custom-toolset-configurations |department=MSBuild |website={{tsl|en|Microsoft Docs}} |access-date=2019-07-23}}</ref>
|-
| 2.0 || 2.0 || 2005 || C:\Windows\Microsoft.NET\Framework\v2.0.50727
|-
| 3.5 || 3.5 || 2008 || C:\Windows\Microsoft.NET\Framework\v3.5
|-
| 4.7.3062.0 || 4.0 || 2010 || C:\Windows\Microsoft.NET\Framework\v4.0.30319
|-
| 4.8.3761.0 || 4.5.2 || 2012 || C:\Windows\Microsoft.NET\Framework\v4.0.30319
|-
| 12.0<ref name="msb12">{{cite web |title=What's new in MSBuild 12.0 |url=https://docs.microsoft.com/visualstudio/msbuild/what-s-new-in-msbuild-12-0 |department=MSBuild |website={{tsl|en|Microsoft Docs}} |access-date=2019-07-23}}</ref> || 4.5.2 || 2013 || C:\Program Files (x86)\MSBuild\12.0\Bin
|-
| 14.0 || 4.6 || 2015 || C:\Program Files (x86)\MSBuild\14.0\Bin
|-
| 15.0<ref name="msb15">{{cite web |title=What's new in MSBuild 15 |url=https://docs.microsoft.com/visualstudio/msbuild/what-s-new-in-msbuild-15-0 |department=MSBuild |website={{tsl|en|Microsoft Docs}} |access-date=2019-07-23}}</ref> || 4.7 || 2017 || class="plainlist" |
*C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2017\'''BuildTools'''\MSBuild\15.0\Bin
*C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2017\'''Enterprise'''\MSBuild\15.0\Bin
*C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2017\'''Community'''\MSBuild\15.0\Bin
|-
| 16.0<ref name="msb16">{{cite web |title=What's new in MSBuild 16.0 |url=https://docs.microsoft.com/visualstudio/msbuild/whats-new-msbuild-16-0 |department=MSBuild |website={{tsl|en|Microsoft Docs}} |access-date=2019-07-23}}</ref> || 4.7.2 || 2019 ||class="plainlist" |
*C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2019\'''BuildTools'''\MSBuild\Current\Bin
*C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2019\'''Enterprise'''\MSBuild\Current\Bin
*C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2019\'''Community'''\MSBuild\Current\Bin
|-
|17.0
|
|2022
|
*C:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio\2022\'''BuildTools'''\MSBuild\Current\Bin
*C:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio\2022\'''Enterprise'''\MSBuild\Current\Bin
*C:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio\2022\'''Community'''\MSBuild\Current\Bin
|}

== 参见 ==
* {{tsl|en|List of build automation software|构建自动化软件列表}}

== 参考资料 ==
{{Reflist}}

== 拓展阅读 ==

{{Refbegin}}
* {{cite book |title=MSBuild Trickery: 99 Ways to Bend the Build Engine to Your Will |url=https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780615509075 |year=2011 |publisher=K Cross Seven Ranch Company |isbn=978-0-615-50907-5 |last=Kretzler |first=Brian |pages=[https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780615509075/page/n431 426]}}
* {{cite journal |first=Sayed Ibrahim |last=Hashimi |url=http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/magazine/cc163589.aspx |title=Inside MSBuild: Compiling Apps With Custom Tasks For The Microsoft Build Engine |journal=MSDN Magazine |publisher=Microsoft |date=June 2006 |access-date=11 April 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150411004510/https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/magazine/cc163589.aspx |archive-date=11 April 2015 |url-status=dead }}
* {{cite journal |first=Sayed Ibrahim |last=Hashimi |url=http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/magazine/cc163456.aspx |title=WiX Tricks: Automate Releases With MSBuild And Windows Installer XML |journal=MSDN Magazine |publisher=Microsoft |date=March 2007 |access-date=11 April 2013 |archive-date=2015-02-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150205093127/https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/magazine/cc163456.aspx }}
* {{cite journal |first=Sayed Ibrahim |last=Hashimi |url=http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/magazine/dd419659.aspx |title=MSBuild: Best Practices For Creating Reliable Builds, Part 1 |journal=MSDN Magazine |publisher=Microsoft |date=February 2009 |access-date=11 April 2013 |archive-date=2019-07-15 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190715021856/https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/magazine/dd419659.aspx }}
* {{cite journal |first=Sayed Ibrahim |last=Hashimi |url=http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/magazine/dd483291.aspx |title=MSBuild: Best Practices For Creating Reliable Builds, Part 2 |journal=MSDN Magazine |publisher=Microsoft |date=March 2009 |access-date=11 April 2013 |archive-date=2019-07-15 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190715021651/https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/magazine/dd483291.aspx }}
* {{cite web |first=Andreas |last=Reif |url=http://www.heise.de/developer/artikel/Einfuehrung-in-Microsofts-Build-Management-Technik-MSBuild-1017660.html |title=Einführung in Microsofts Build-Management-Technik MSBuild |trans-title=Introduction to Microsoft's build management technology, MSBuild |language=de |work=heise Developer |publisher={{tsl|en|Heinz Heise}} |date=10 June 2010 |access-date=11 April 2013 |archive-date=2020-09-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200924160342/https://www.heise.de/developer/artikel/Einfuehrung-in-Microsofts-Build-Management-Technik-MSBuild-1017660.html }}
* {{Cite web |last1=Jones |first1=Mike |last2=Warren |first2=Genevieve |last3=Blome |first3=Mike |last4=Robertson |first4=Colin |last5=Hogenson |first5=Gordon |last6=Cai |first6=Saisang |date=2016-11-04 |title=MSBuild target framework and target platform |url=https://docs.microsoft.com/visualstudio/msbuild/msbuild-target-framework-and-target-platform |department=MSBuild |website={{tsl|en|Microsoft Docs}} |access-date=2018-02-19}}
{{Refend}}

== 外部链接 ==
* {{Official website}}
{{Microsoft development tools}}

[[Category:2003年软件]]
[[Category:使用MIT许可证的软件]]
[[Category:Microsoft Visual Studio]]
[[Category:微软自由软件]]
[[Category:編譯工具]]
[[Category:自动化构建]]

MSBuild - 版本历史

imported>InternetArchiveBot：​Fixing 2 dead IA links per WP:DEADIABOOKLINKS (20260528dark)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) (GreenC bot

imported>InternetArchiveBot：Fixing 2 dead IA links per WP:DEADIABOOKLINKS (20260528dark)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) (GreenC bot