imported>TuhansiaVuoria：增加或调整内部链接

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{{Infobox globular cluster
| name = [[梅西耶天體|M]] 70
| image = [[Image:Messier70-HST-Potw1215a.jpg|300px]]
| caption = [[哈伯太空望遠鏡]]拍攝的M70；視場為3.3弧分
| credit = ESA/Hubble和NASA
| epoch = [[J2000]]
| class = V<ref name=hcob849_11/>
| constellation = [[人馬座]]
| ra = {{RA|18|43|12.76}}<ref name=aj140_6_1830/>
| dec = {{DEC|–32|17|31.6}}<ref name="simbad" />
| dist_ly = {{Convert|29.4|kly|kpc|abbr=on|lk=on}}<ref name=apj742_1_51/>
| appmag_v = +9.06<ref name="simbad" />
| size_v = {{Val|8.0|ul=arcminute}}<ref name=Adam2018/>
| mass_msol = {{Val|1.79|e=5}}<ref name=apj742_1_51/>
| radius_ly = 34 ly<ref name=sma/>
| radius_tidal_arcminsec = {{Val|11.2|u=arcminute}}<ref name=Liller1983/>
| metal_fe = –1.35<ref name=mnras404_3_1203/>
| age = 12.80 [[Gigayear|Gyr]]<ref name=mnras404_3_1203/>
| notes =
| names = GCl 101, M70, [[NGC天體表|NGC]] 6681<ref name="simbad" />
}}

'''M70'''或'''梅西耶70'''，也稱為'''NGC 6681'''，是在[[人馬座]]南側的一個[[球狀星團]]{{efn|位於茶壺星群的最南端；它的赤緯意味著在[[北緯58度線]]以北就看不到它。要觀測到它至少要往北移動到[[北緯43度線]]，使它的高度能超過15度，才能在影像不失真的條件下進行仔細的觀測。}}。[[查爾斯·梅西耶|梅西耶]]在1780年8月31日發現它<ref name=Adam2018/>。著名的[[海尔-波普彗星]]在1995年7月23日被發現時，就在它的旁邊<ref name=Mobberley2013/>。

它與[[地球]]的距離為29,400[[光年]]<ref name=apj742_1_51/>，並以{{Convert|2|kpc|ly|order=flip|disp=out}}的距離繞著[[銀心|銀河中心]]運轉<ref name=Watson1994/>。它的大小和[[亮度]]與同在[[人馬座]]的鄰居，也是球狀星團的[[M69]]大致相同<ref name=Hartmut2011/>。M70的核心非常小，半徑大約只有{{Convert|0.068|pc|ly|order=flip|abbr=on|lk=off}}<ref name=Djorgovski1993/>，半光度的半徑則為{{Convert|55.80|pc|ly|order=flip|abbr=on|lk=off}}<ref name=Forbes2008/>。該星團經歷了[[球狀星團#質量層化、光度和核心坍縮|核心崩塌]]，使其質量集中於中心<ref name=Pryor1989/>，光度分佈遵循[[幂定律]]<ref name=Watson1994/>。

星團中有兩個不同的恒星群體，每一個群體都顯示出獨特的豐度<ref name=OMalley2017/>。已知有五顆[[變星]]位於其廣泛的半徑，即潮汐半徑內，所有的這些變星都是[[天琴座RR型變星]]<ref name=Liller1983/><ref name=Clement2001/>。這個星團在核心附近可能有兩顆[[藍掉隊星|藍離散星]]
<ref name=Watson1994/>。

== 圖集 ==
<gallery>
File:Messier 70 Hubble WikiSky.jpg|哈伯太空望遠鏡拍攝的M70。
File:M70map.png|以箭頭標示出M70的星圖，在正常狀況下，地平線的位置在圖的南方(下方) (羅伯托·穆拉) 。
</gallery>

== 參考資料和註解 ==
{{reflist|refs=

<ref name=Mobberley2013>{{citation
| title=It Came From Outer Space Wearing an RAF Blazer!: A Fan's Biography of Sir Patrick Moore
| first1=Martin | last1=Mobberley
| publisher=Springer Science & Business Media
| year=2013 | isbn=978-3319006093 | page=483
| url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dfO7BAAAQBAJ&pg=PA483 }}</ref>

<ref name=Hartmut2011>{{citation | first1=Hartmut | last1=Frommert | first2=Christine | last2=Kronberg | title=Globular Cluster M70 | date=2007-08-30 | work=SEDS Messier pages | publisher=Students for the Exploration and Development of Space (SEDS) | url=http://messier.seds.org/m/m070.html | access-date=2018-12-04 | postscript=. | archive-date=2015-03-03 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150303151702/http://messier.seds.org/m/m070.html | dead-url=no }}</ref>

<ref name=Adam2018>{{citation
| title=Imaging the Messier Objects Remotely from Your Laptop
| series=The Patrick Moore Practical Astronomy Series
| first1=Len | last1=Adam | publisher=Springer
| year=2018 | isbn=978-3319653853 | page=304
| url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7nNUDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA304 | bibcode=2018imor.book.....A
}}</ref>

<ref name=Djorgovski1993>{{citation
| contribution=Physical Parameters of Galactic Globular Clusters
| last1=Djorgovski | first1=S.
| title=Structure and Dynamics of Globular Clusters. Proceedings of a Workshop held in Berkeley, California, July 15–17, 1992, to Honor the 65th Birthday of Ivan King
| editor1-first=S. G. | editor1-last=Djorgovski
| editor2-first=G. | editor2-last=Meylan
| publisher=Astronomical Society of the Pacific
| volume=50 | pages=373 | location=San Francisco, California
| date=January 1993 | isbn=978-0937707692
| bibcode=1993ASPC...50..373D | postscript=. }}</ref>

<ref name=Pryor1989>{{citation
| title=Mass-to-light ratios for globular clusters. I - The centrally concentrated clusters NGC 6624, M28 (NGC 6626), and M70 (NGC 6681)
| last1=Pryor | first1=Carlton | last2=McClure | first2=Robert D.
| last3=Fletcher | first3=J. M. | last4=Hesser | first4=James E.
| display-authors=1 | postscript=.
| journal=Astronomical Journal
| volume=98 | date=August 1989 | pages=596–610
| doi=10.1086/115160 | bibcode=1989AJ.....98..596P }}</ref>

<ref name=Watson1994>{{citation | display-authors=1 | postscript=. | title=Far-ultraviolet imaging of the globular cluster NGC 6681 with WFPC2 | last1=Watson | first1=Alan M. | last2=Mould | first2=Jeremy R. | last3=Gallagher | first3=John S., III | last4=Ballester | first4=Gilda E. | last5=Burrows | first5=Christopher J. | last6=Casertano | first6=Stefano | last7=Clarke | first7=John T. | last8=Crisp | first8=David | last9=Griffiths | first9=Richard E. | last10=Hester | first10=J. Jeff | last11=Hoessel | first11=John G. | last12=Holtzman | first12=Jon A. | last13=Scowen | first13=Paul A. | last14=Stapelfeldt | first14=Karl R. | last15=Trauger | first15=John T. | last16=Westphal | first16=James A. | journal=Astrophysical Journal, Part 2 | volume=435 | issue=1 | pages=L55–L58 | date=November 1994 | doi=10.1086/187593 | bibcode=1994ApJ...435L..55W | url=https://authors.library.caltech.edu/53635/1/1994ApJ___435L__55W.pdf | accessdate=2021-08-12 | archive-date=2022-10-06 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221006011702/https://authors.library.caltech.edu/53635/1/1994ApJ___435L__55W.pdf | dead-url=no }}</ref>

<ref name=Liller1983>{{citation
| title=The variable stars in the field of the globular cluster NGC 6681
| last1=Liller | first1=M. H.
| journal=Astronomical Journal | postscript=.
| volume=88 | date=October 1983 | pages=1463–1469
| doi=10.1086/113435 | bibcode=1983AJ.....88.1463L }}</ref>

<ref name=Clement2001>{{citation
| title=Variable Stars in Galactic Globular Clusters
| last1=Clement | first1=Christine M. | last2=Muzzin | first2=Adam
| last3=Dufton | first3=Quentin | last4=Ponnampalam | first4=Thivya
| last5=Wang | first5=John | last6=Burford | first6=Jay
| last7=Richardson | first7=Alan | last8=Rosebery | first8=Tara
| last9=Rowe | first9=Jason | last10=Hogg | first10=Helen Sawyer
| journal=The Astronomical Journal | display-authors=1
| volume=122 | issue=5 | pages=2587–2599 | date=November 2001
| doi=10.1086/323719 | arxiv=astro-ph/0108024
| bibcode=2001AJ....122.2587C | postscript=. }}</ref>

<ref name=OMalley2017>{{citation
| title=High-resolution Spectroscopic Abundances of Red Giant Branch Stars in NGC 6681
| last1=O'Malley | first1=Erin M. | last2=Knaizev | first2=Alexei
| last3=McWilliam | first3=Andrew | last4=Chaboyer | first4=Brian
| journal=The Astrophysical Journal | display-authors=1
| volume=846 | issue=1 | id=23 | pages=15 | date=September 2017
| doi=10.3847/1538-4357/aa7b72 | postscript=.
| bibcode=2017ApJ...846...23O | arxiv=1706.06962 }}</ref>

<ref name=Forbes2008>{{citation
| title=Uniting old stellar systems: from globular clusters to giant ellipticals
| last1=Forbes | first1=Duncan A. | last2=Lasky | first2=Paul
| last3=Graham | first3=Alister W. | last4=Spitler | first4=Lee
| display-authors=1
| journal=Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
| volume=389 | issue=4 | pages=1924–1936 | date=October 2008
| doi=10.1111/j.1365-2966.2008.13739.x | postscript=.
| bibcode=2008MNRAS.389.1924F | arxiv=0806.1090 }}</ref>

<ref name=aj140_6_1830>{{citation
| last1=Goldsbury | first1=Ryan | last2=Richer | first2=Harvey B.
| last3=Anderson | first3=Jay | last4=Dotter | first4=Aaron
| last5=Sarajedini | first5=Ata | last6=Woodley | first6=Kristin
| title=The ACS Survey of Galactic Globular Clusters. X. New Determinations of Centers for 65 Clusters
| display-authors=1 | journal=[[The Astronomical Journal]]
| volume=140 | issue=6 | pages=1830–1837 | date=December 2010
| doi=10.1088/0004-6256/140/6/1830 | bibcode=2010AJ....140.1830G
| postscript=. | arxiv=1008.2755 }}</ref>

<ref name=hcob849_11>{{citation
| last1=Shapley | first1=Harlow | last2=Sawyer | first2=Helen B.
| title=A Classification of Globular Clusters
| journal=Harvard College Observatory Bulletin
| volume=849 | issue=849 | pages=11–14 | date=August 1927
| bibcode=1927BHarO.849...11S | postscript=. }}</ref>

<ref name=mnras404_3_1203>{{citation
| last1=Forbes | first1=Duncan A. | last2=Bridges | first2=Terry
| title=Accreted versus in situ Milky Way globular clusters
| journal=[[Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society]]
| volume=404 | issue=3 | pages=1203–1214 | date=May 2010
| doi=10.1111/j.1365-2966.2010.16373.x | bibcode=2010MNRAS.404.1203F
| postscript=. | arxiv=1001.4289 }}</ref>

<ref name="simbad">{{cite simbad
| title=NGC 6681
| access-date=2006-11-17 }}</ref>

<ref name=apj742_1_51>{{citation
| last1=Boyles | first1=J. | last2=Lorimer | first2=D. R.
| last3=Turk | first3=P. J. | last4=Mnatsakanov | first4=R.
| last5=Lynch | first5=R. S. | last6=Ransom | first6=S. M.
| last7=Freire | first7=P. C. | last8=Belczynski | first8=K.
| title=Young Radio Pulsars in Galactic Globular Clusters
| display-authors=1 | journal=The Astrophysical Journal
| volume=742 | issue=1 | page=51 | date=November 2011
| doi=10.1088/0004-637X/742/1/51 | bibcode=2011ApJ...742...51B
| postscript=. | arxiv=1108.4402 }}</ref>

<ref name=sma>distance × sin( diameter_angle / 2 ) = 34 ly. radius</ref>

}}
{{notelist}}

== 外部連結 ==
{{Commons category|Messier 70}}
* [http://gclusters.altervista.org/cluster_4.php?ggc=M+70 Messier 70, Galactic Globular Clusters Database page] {{Wayback|url=http://gclusters.altervista.org/cluster_4.php?ggc=M+70 |date=20110522204101 }}
* {{WikiSky}}

{{Sky|18|43|12.64|-|32|17|30.8|29300}}
{{梅西耶天體}}
{{Ngc70}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Messier 070}}
[[Category:球狀星團]]
[[Category:人馬座]]
[[Category:梅西耶天體|070]]
[[Category:NGC天體]]
[[Category:1780年發現的天體]]

M70 - 版本历史

imported>TuhansiaVuoria：​增加或调整内部链接

imported>TuhansiaVuoria：增加或调整内部链接