https://arolstar52-zhtest.hf.space/index.php?action=history&feed=atom&title=Lumen
Lumen - 版本历史
2026-07-16T03:24:41Z
在这个wiki上该页的修订历史
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https://arolstar52-zhtest.hf.space/index.php?title=Lumen&diff=646739&oldid=prev
imported>射命丸：回退2600:1006:B1AE:4AEC:5C82:C43E:E307:EB23（讨论）做出的1次编辑：?
2024-06-23T16:26:35Z
<p>回退<a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%94%A8%E6%88%B7%E8%B4%A1%E7%8C%AE/2600:1006:B1AE:4AEC:5C82:C43E:E307:EB23" title="Special:用户贡献/2600:1006:B1AE:4AEC:5C82:C43E:E307:EB23">2600:1006:B1AE:4AEC:5C82:C43E:E307:EB23</a>（<a href="/index.php?title=User_talk:2600:1006:B1AE:4AEC:5C82:C43E:E307:EB23&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="User talk:2600:1006:B1AE:4AEC:5C82:C43E:E307:EB23（页面不存在）">讨论</a>）做出的1次编辑：?</p>
<p><b>新页面</b></p><div>{{for|同名的美国电信公司|流明科技}}<br />
{{Infobox organization<br />
| name = Lumen<br />
| named_after = <br />
| image =<br />
| image_size = <br />
| alt = <!-- see [[WP:ALT]] --><br />
| caption = <br />
| abbreviation = <br />
| predecessor = <br />
| merged = <!-- Any other organizations with which the organization was merged --><br />
| successor = <br />
| formation = {{wikidata|property|references|edit|P571}}<br />
| founder = <!-- or: | founders = --><br />
| founding_location = <br />
| extinction = <!-- or: | dissolved = --> <!--e.g. use {{end date and age|YYYY|MM|DD}}--><br />
| merger = <!-- Other organizations (if any) merged to constitute the organization --><br />
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| status = <!-- Organization's legal status and/or description (company, charity, foundation, etc) --><br />
| purpose = <!-- or: | focus = --> <!--(humanitarian, activism, peacekeeping, etc)--><br />
| professional_title = <!-- for professional associations --><br />
| headquarters = <br />
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| region = <!-- or: | region_served = --> <!--Any particular region or regions associated with or served by the organization--><br />
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| membership_year = <!-- Year to which membership number/data apply --><br />
| language = {{wikidata|properties|references|edit|P407}}<br />
| sec_gen = <!-- Name of the organization's Secretary General (if post exists) --><br />
| leader_title = Founder <!-- defaults to "Leader" --><br />
| leader_name = {{wikidata|properties|references|edit|P112}}<br />
| leader_title2 = <br />
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| board_of_directors = <br />
| key_people =<br />
| main_organ = <!-- or: | publication = --> <!--Organization's principal body (assembly, committee, board, etc) or publication--><br />
| parent_organization = <!-- or: | parent_organisation = --><br />
| subsidiaries = <br />
| secessions = <br />
| affiliations = <br />
| budget = <br />
| budget_year = <br />
| staff = <!-- Numbers and/or types of staff --><br />
| staff_year = <!-- Year to which staff numbers/data apply --><br />
| volunteers = <!-- Numbers and/or types of volunteers --><br />
| volunteers_year = <!-- Year to which volunteer numbers/data apply --><br />
| website = {{Official website|name=lumendatabase.org}}<br />
| remarks = <br />
| formerly = Chilling Effects<br />
| footnotes = <br />
}}<br />
<br />
'''Lumen'''，原稱為'''寒蝉效应'''（{{lang|en|Chilling Effects}}），是一个协作编辑的档案库，由几个[[法律诊所]]和[[电子前哨基金会]]创立，旨在保护合法的網路活动免受法律威胁。人们在收到“[[停止并结束|停止并终止]]”权利通知书后，可以提交给它的网站<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.chillingeffects.org/ |title=“寒蝉”数据交换网站 |accessdate=2010-03-24 |archive-date=2020-12-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201211233133/http://chillingeffects.org/ |dead-url=no }}</ref>（{{lang|en|Chilling Effects Clearinghouse}}），并获得有关其法律权利和责任的信息。这个网站最初是由[[哈佛大学]]伯克曼互联网与社会中心的研究员{{link-en|温迪·塞尔策|Wendy Seltzer}}设立的。<br />
<br />
== 歷史 ==<br />
2001年一些互联网活动家披露了这些档案，他们对当时日渐增加的发送“停止并终止”[[律师函]]的现象感到担忧，虽然没有研究证实，但这种不受管制的私人行为对[[言论自由]]可能会产生潜在的巨大影响，引发“[[寒蝉效应]]”。<br />
<br />
2002年起，档案的数量开始显著增加，因为 [[Google]] 开始提交它收到的通知。Google 最初这么做是为回应一起公众事件。2002年4月，[[山达基教|山达基教会]]说服 Google 屏蔽了一个反对山达基教的网站「Operation Clambake」。这个举动激起了公众的强烈反应，用户和各种组织纷纷向 Google 发出抗议，最后Clambake的网站链接被恢复了。Google 此后便开始向寒蝉效应網站贡献它收到的通知书，将来自像山达基教会的投诉这样的档案存档，并提供访问档案的链接。<ref>[3] Don Marti，“ [http://www.linuxjournal.com/article/5997 Google Begins Making DMCA Takedowns Public] {{Wayback|url=http://www.linuxjournal.com/article/5997 |date=20060903170437 }} ''，”Linux Journal'' （2002/4/12）（说明 Google 对山达基教的回应，以及随后决定对ChillingEffects.org作出贡献）。</ref><ref>{{cite web | first = David F. | last = Gallagher | title = New Economy; A copyright dispute with the Church of Scientology is forcing Google to do some creative linking | url = http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9F02E5D7103FF931A15757C0A9649C8B63&sec=&spon=&pagewanted=all | work = | publisher = [[New York Times]] | date = 2002-04-22 | accessdate = 2008-01-24 | archive-date = 2019-10-18 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20191018060903/https://www.nytimes.com/2002/04/22/business/new-economy-copyright-dispute-with-church-scientology-forcing-google-some.html | dead-url = no }}</ref><br />
<br />
自2002年以来，研究人员一直在使用这一档案库，来研究人们如何使用“停止并终止”律师函，主要包括[[DMCA|数字千禧年著作权法案]]（DMCA）第512条的撤下公告，非DMCA版权及商标索赔<ref>[6] J. Urban &amp; L. Quilter，“Efficient Process or 'Chilling EffectsTakedown Notices Under Section 512 of the Digital Millennium Copyright Act，“ ''Santa Clara Computer &amp; High Technology Law Journal '' (March 2006)</ref><ref>[7] Free Expression Policy Project [http://fepproject.org/policyreports/WillFairUseSurvive.pdf ，（'''PDF''' ）“] {{Wayback|url=http://fepproject.org/policyreports/WillFairUseSurvive.pdf |date=20051208013331 }}Will Fair Use Survive? Free Expression in the Age of Copyright Control“（2005）</ref>。<br />
<br />
2015年11月2日，寒蝉效应網站宣佈改名為「Lumen」<ref>{{cite web | url = https://www.lumendatabase.org/blog_entries/763 | title = Chilling Effects Announces New Name, International Partnerships | accessdate = November 7, 2015 | date = November 2, 2015 | archive-date = 2020-02-24 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20200224141820/https://www.lumendatabase.org/blog_entries/763 | dead-url = no }}</ref>。<br />
<br />
== 成员 ==<br />
* 伯克曼互联网与社会中心，[[哈佛大学]]法学院<br />
* [[电子前哨基金会]]<br />
* [[乔治华盛顿大学]]法学院<br />
* {{lang|en|Samuelson Law, Technology & Public Policy Clinic}}，[[加州大学伯克利分校]]法学院（Boalt Hall）<br />
* [[圣塔克拉拉大学]]法学院高科技法律研究所<br />
* 斯坦福互联网与社会中心，[[斯坦福大学]]法学院<br />
* [[缅因大学]]法学院<br />
* {{lang|en|IIP Justice Project}}，[[旧金山大学]]法学院<br />
<br />
== 参考文献 ==<br />
{{reflist|colwidth=30em}}<br />
<br />
== 外部链接 ==<br />
* {{en}}[https://lumendatabase.org/ Lumen官方网站] {{Wayback|url=https://lumendatabase.org/ |date=20210206222416 }}<br />
* [http://images.chillingeffects.org/about-chill-zh.html 寒蝉官网中文介绍] {{Wayback|url=http://images.chillingeffects.org/about-chill-zh.html |date=20140705020959 }}<br />
<br />
{{DEFAULTSORT:Chilling Effects (Group)}}<br />
[[Category:互联网管理]]<br />
[[Category:言论自由]]<br />
[[Category:美国组织]]<br />
[[Category:2001年建立的組織]]<br />
[[Category:2001年美國建立]]</div>
imported>射命丸