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2026-05-22T10:34:56Z

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{{NoteTA
|G1=IT
|G2=Apple
}}
{{Infobox software
| title = Liquid Glass
| screenshot = [https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/d/d7/IOS_26_Home_Screen_iPhone_16_Pro_Max.png IOS_26_Home_Screen_iPhone_16_Pro_Max.png]
| caption = 在iPhone 16 Pro Max機型執行 [[iOS 26]] Beta 1上的液態玻璃設計
| developer = [[Apple公司]]
| released = {{Start date and age|2025|6|9}}
| programming language = [[Swift語言|Swift]]
| operating system = [[iOS]]、[[iPadOS]]、[[macOS]]、[[tvOS]]、[[watchOS]]
| genre = [[圖形使用者介面]][[設計語言]]
}}

'''Liquid Glass'''，直譯「液態玻璃」，是[[蘋果公司]]開發的一種採用[[新擬物設計]]的[[圖形使用者介面]]和[[設計語言]]，作為該公司旗下各[[作業系統]]的統一視覺風格。Liquid Glass在2025年6月9日召開的[[苹果全球开发者大会]]（WWDC）上首次公開亮相，為[[iOS 26]]、[[iPadOS 26]]、[[macOS Tahoe]]、[[tvOS 26]]和[[watchOS 26]]引入更加接近液體、同時更具有玻璃質感的使用者介面。<ref>{{Cite web |title=Apple's macOS 26 Tahoe has new Liquid Glass look, customizable folders, and more |url=https://arstechnica.com/gadgets/2025/06/apples-macos-26-tahoe-has-new-liquid-glass-look-customizable-folders-and-more/ |website=[[Ars Technica]] |date=2025-06-09 |language=en |last=Cunningham |first=Andrew |access-date=2025-06-10}}</ref>

== 設計原則 ==
蘋果公司將液態玻璃定義為一種動態材質，稱其「結合了玻璃的光學特性，加入了-{zh;zh-hans;zh-hant|流動}-特性」。<ref>{{Cite web |title=Liquid Glass |url=https://docs.developer.apple.com/documentation/technologyoverviews/liquid-glass |website=Apple Developer Documentation |language=en-US |access-date=2025-06-10}}</ref> 根据蘋果公司更新的人機介面指引，使用Liquid Glass製作的應用程式應當層次分明地展示內容和控制元件。<ref>{{Cite web |title=Materials |url=https://docs.developer.apple.com/design/human-interface-guidelines/materials |website=Apple Developer Documentation |language=en-US |access-date=2025-06-12}}</ref> 液態玻璃設計語言的目標是統一軟體介面元素及硬體裝置的外觀與感覺，使其在各種視窗大小和顯示器上保持一致。<ref>{{Cite web |title=Apple's new Liquid Glass design is its biggest visual update in years |url=https://www.engadget.com/mobile/smartphones/apples-new-liquid-glass-design-is-its-biggest-visual-update-in-years-172158766.html |website=[[Engadget]] |date=2025-06-09 |language=en-US |last=Rutherford |first=Sam |access-date=2025-06-12}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=iOS 26 vs iOS 18: Is Apple's 'Liquid Glass' a true redesign? |url=https://appleinsider.com/articles/25/06/10/ios-26-vs-ios-18-is-apples-liquid-glass-a-true-redesign |website=AppleInsider |date=2025-06-10 |language=en |last=Zivkovic |first=Marko |access-date=2025-06-12}}</ref>

Liquid Glass的一大特色是元素可以透過反射和[[折射]]光線自動適應環境。數位元素內部是透明的，但沿其形状邊緣產生外部高光，形成对比。 <ref name="WWDC25">{{Cite web |title=Meet Liquid Glass - WWDC25 - Videos |url=https://developer.apple.com/videos/play/wwdc2025/219/ |website=Apple Developer |language=en |access-date=2025-06-10}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=For Liquid Glass, 'the most obvious inspiration was visionOS', says Apple's Senior VP of Software Engineering |url=https://www.techradar.com/phones/ios/we-did-all-this-work-with-physical-glass-simulating-as-closely-as-we-could-the-actual-properties-of-glass-for-liquid-glass-says-apples-craig-federighi-then-they-went-further |website=TechRadar |date=2025-06-10 |language=en |last=Ulanoff |first=Lance |access-date=2025-06-11}}</ref> 蘋果公司軟體工程高階副總裁[[克雷格·费德里吉]]在接受TechRadar的採訪时提及，在設計的過程中，蘋果公司的設計師使用了工業級設計工作室來製造不同[[不透明度]]和透鏡特性的玻璃，調整介面特性使之與真實玻璃非常接近。<ref name=":0" />

== 實作 ==
蘋果公司使用Liquid Glass設計語言將現有各平台作業系統的介面元件（如文字、滑塊、[[開關按鈕]]、[[警報訊息]]、面板、[[側邊欄]]以及整體[[毛玻璃]]設計）進行了徹底的改造。<ref name="Human Interface Guidelines">{{Cite web |title=Human Interface Guidelines |url=https://docs.developer.apple.com/design/human-interface-guidelines |website=Apple Developer Documentation |language=en-US |access-date=2025-06-10}}</ref> Liquid Glass亦實作於內建應用程式、設備主畫面<ref>{{Cite web |title=Apple's Liquid Glass was a wild change to my iPhone |url=https://www.theverge.com/apple/683914/apple-iphone-ios-26-changes-liquid-glass |website=[[The Verge]] |date=2025-06-10 |language=en-US |last=Peters |first=Jay |access-date=2025-06-10}}</ref>和第三方應用程式中。蘋果公司在一篇詳細介紹設計變更的影片中表示，此設計受到了[[macOS]]的[[Aqua (GUI)|Aqua]]設計語言、[[iOS 7]]中的即時[[高斯模糊]]、[[iPhone X]]中的動畫過渡、[[iPhone 14 Pro]]及更高版本上的[[動態島]]以及[[visionOS]]的玻璃狀UI的啟發。<ref name="WWDC25">{{Cite web |title=Meet Liquid Glass - WWDC25 - Videos |url=https://developer.apple.com/videos/play/wwdc2025/219/ |website=Apple Developer |language=en |access-date=2025-06-10}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true">[https://developer.apple.com/videos/play/wwdc2025/219/ "Meet Liquid Glass - WWDC25 - Videos"]. ''Apple Developer''. Retrieved June 10, 2025.</cite></ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=For Liquid Glass, 'the most obvious inspiration was visionOS', says Apple's Senior VP of Software Engineering |url=https://www.techradar.com/phones/ios/we-did-all-this-work-with-physical-glass-simulating-as-closely-as-we-could-the-actual-properties-of-glass-for-liquid-glass-says-apples-craig-federighi-then-they-went-further |website=TechRadar |date=2025-06-10 |language=en |last=Ulanoff |first=Lance |access-date=2025-06-11}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFUlanoff2025">Ulanoff, Lance (June 10, 2025). [https://www.techradar.com/phones/ios/we-did-all-this-work-with-physical-glass-simulating-as-closely-as-we-could-the-actual-properties-of-glass-for-liquid-glass-says-apples-craig-federighi-then-they-went-further "For Liquid Glass, 'the most obvious inspiration was visionOS', says Apple's Senior VP of Software Engineering"]. ''TechRadar''. Retrieved June 11, 2025.</cite></ref>

== 評價 ==
部分使用者稱讚使用此設計語言作業系統的美感<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=Love it or hate it? Apple's new 'Liquid Glass' design is getting mixed reviews |url=https://techcrunch.com/2025/06/10/love-it-or-hate-it-apples-new-liquid-glass-design-is-getting-mixed-reviews/ |website=[[TechCrunch]] |date=2025-06-10 |language=en-US |last=Perez |first=Sarah |access-date=2025-06-11}}</ref>，並對重現玻璃折射和透鏡特性的效果印象深刻。<ref name=":2">{{Cite magazine |title='Beautiful' and 'Hard to Read': Designers React to Apple's Liquid Glass Update |url=https://www.wired.com/story/designers-react-to-apple-liquid-glass/ |author=Rogers |first=Reece |magazine=Wired |language=en-US |issn=1059-1028 |access-date=2025-06-10}}</ref><ref name=":3">{{Cite web |title=Apple's Liquid Glass redesign doesn't look like much |url=https://www.theverge.com/apple/682833/apples-liquid-glass-redesign-doesnt-look-like-much |website=[[The Verge]] |date=2025-06-09 |language=en-US |last=Pierce |first=David |access-date=2025-06-10}}</ref> 不過，亦有其他使用者指出，部分元素過於透明，導致文字在低對比度環境下（例如陽光直射）難以閱讀。<ref name=":1" /><ref>{{Cite web |title=What is Liquid Glass? Internet reacts to Apple's new software design |url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/tech/2025/06/10/liquid-glass-apple-design-reactions/84131961007/ |website=[[USA Today]] |language=en-US |last=Encinas |first=Amaris |access-date=2025-06-11}}</ref> 接受《[[連線 (雜誌)|Wired]]》雜誌採訪的設計師認為，視覺效果分散了使用者對於應用程式內容的注意力。<ref name=":2" /> 更有設計師還擔心，小規模團隊的開發者可能難以達到新介面所設定的高標準。<ref name=":2" />

Liquid Glass標誌著Apple在設計語言上的轉變，從[[喬納森·艾維]]推廣的[[扁平化設計]]風格轉向更具表現力的[[擬物化]]元素。<ref name=":2">{{Cite magazine |title='Beautiful' and 'Hard to Read': Designers React to Apple's Liquid Glass Update |url=https://www.wired.com/story/designers-react-to-apple-liquid-glass/ |author=Rogers |first=Reece |magazine=Wired |language=en-US |issn=1059-1028 |access-date=2025-06-10}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Apple Ushers in New Glassy Design With iOS 26 and 'Liquid Glass' Interface |url=https://gizmodo.com/apples-ushers-in-new-glassy-design-with-ios-26-and-liquid-glass-interface-2000613045 |website=[[Gizmodo]] |date=2025-06-09 |language=en-US |last=Wong |first=Raymond |access-date=2025-06-11}}</ref> 不少評論家和社群媒體用戶指出其与[[Windows Aero]]有相似之处，Windows Aero自[[Windows Vista]]中引入，設計語言中包含玻璃狀紋理，盛行一時。<ref name=":3">{{Cite web |title=Apple's Liquid Glass redesign doesn't look like much |url=https://www.theverge.com/apple/682833/apples-liquid-glass-redesign-doesnt-look-like-much |website=The Verge |date=2025-06-09 |language=en-US |last=Pierce |first=David |access-date=2025-06-10}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=iOS 26 liquid glass: Here's why Windows Vista jokes are trending |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/technology/ios-26-liquid-glass-here-s-why-windows-vista-jokes-are-trending-101749541980351.html |website=[[Hindustan Times]] |date=2025-06-10 |access-date=2025-06-10}}</ref>

[[克雷格·費德里吉]]坦言Liquid Glass需要額外的計算能力，這將導致一些人指責Apple公司是有[[计画性报废|計畫性地報廢產品]]。<ref>{{Cite AV media |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wCEkK1YzqBo&t=820s |title=Apple Execs on AI Setbacks, What Went Wrong with Siri and More (Full Interview) |date=2025-06-13 |last= |publisher=[[The Wall Street Journal]] |access-date=2025-06-14 |via=YouTube }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Adrian Weckler: Should you worry if your iPhone is too old for the latest upgrade? |url=https://www.independent.ie/business/technology/adrian-weckler-should-you-worry-if-your-iphone-is-too-old-for-the-latest-upgrade/a1415630745.html |website=Irish Independent |date=2025-06-14 |language=en |access-date=2025-06-15}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=The Design Strategy Behind Apple's Liquid Glass |url=https://www.jeffreyhumble.com/blog/design-strategy-apple-liquid-glass |website=Jeff Humble |language=en-US|access-date=2025-06-15}}</ref>

== 參見 ==
* [[新擬物設計]]
* [[Y2K美學]]
* [[流暢設計體系]]
* [[Frutiger Aero]]

== 参考資料 ==
{{reflist}}

== 外部連結 ==
* Apple開發者文檔：[https://developer.apple.com/documentation/technologyoverviews/liquid-glass Liquid Glass]

{{IOS}}
{{MacOS}}
[[Category:IPadOS]]
[[Category:iOS]]
[[Category:watchOS軟體]]
[[Category:tvOS軟體]]
[[Category:蘋果公司產品]]
[[Category:設計語言]]

Liquid Glass - 版本历史

imported>CommonsDelinker：​移除IPhone_17_2026.jpg，已被Túrelio刪除：CSD F3 (derivative work of non-free content): IOS 26。

imported>CommonsDelinker：移除IPhone_17_2026.jpg，已被Túrelio刪除：CSD F3 (derivative work of non-free content): IOS 26。