imported>蓝哿：维基化

2023-12-26T17:39:44Z

维基化

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{{noteTA|G1=IT|G2=FL}}
{{infobox software
| name = lighttpd
| title = lighttpd
| logo = Lighttpd logo.svg
| screenshot =
| caption =
| developer = {{tsl|en|Jan Kneschke|扬·克内施克|扬·克内施克}}
| released = {{Start date|2003|03}}
| latest_release_version = 1.4.67
| latest_release_date = {{Release date and age|2022|09|17}}
| programming language = [[C语言]]
| operating system = [[跨平台]]
| language = 英文
| genre = [[網頁伺服器]]
| license = [[BSD许可证]]
| website = [https://www.lighttpd.net/ www.lighttpd.net]
}}

'''lighttpd'''（读作lighty）<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.lighttpd.net/|title=lighttpd fly light|accessdate=2010-06-13|quote=all of these describe lighttpd (pron. lighty)|archive-date=2006-07-07|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060707052005/http://www.lighttpd.net/|dead-url=no}}.</ref> 是一款以[[BSD許可證]][[开放源代码|开源]]的[[網頁伺服器]]，在确保兼容常见标准、安全性及灵活性的情况下专为需要处理速度的环境优化。此软件起初为扬·克内施克对{{tsl|en|c10k problem|c10k问题|c10k问题}}（如何同时并行处理10000条连接的问题）的[[概念验证]]，但随后受到了大众欢迎。<ref>{{Cite web| url=http://trac.lighttpd.net/trac/wiki/PoweredBylighttpd| title=Powered By lighttpd| accessdate=22 December 2008| publisher=lighttpd wiki| archive-date=2006-10-08| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061008084039/http://trac.lighttpd.net/trac/wiki/PoweredByLighttpd| dead-url=no}}</ref>其名称是“light”（轻量）与[[httpd]]的[[混成詞]]。相較於其他的網頁伺服器，lighttpd僅需少量的内存及[[中央处理器|CPU]]資源即可達到同樣的效能。

==前言==
相比其他网页服务器软件而言，lighttpd的低内存占用、<ref>{{cite web| url=http://wiki.dreamhost.com/Web_Server_Performance_Comparison| title=Web Server Performance Comparison| accessdate=15 March 2012| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160605174449/http://wiki.dreamhost.com/Web_Server_Performance_Comparison| archive-date=2016-06-05| dead-url=yes}}.</ref>低[[中央处理器|CPU]]负载及速度优化<ref>Gabriel Kerneis and Juliusz Chroboczek. [http://www.pps.jussieu.fr/~jch/research/cpc-bench.pdf ''Are events fast?''] {{Wayback|url=http://www.pps.jussieu.fr/~jch/research/cpc-bench.pdf |date=20110706220242 }}. PPS technical report, University of Paris 7. 2009.</ref>使其成为负载过重或提供静态媒体服务器的合适之选。lighttpd是一款[[自由及开放源代码软件]]，以[[BSD许可证]]发布。它可原生运行在[[类Unix系统]]操作系统及[[Microsoft Windows]]上。<ref>{{cite web |url=http://en.wlmp-project.net/downloads.php?cat=lighty |title=Downloads @ WLMP Project |accessdate=2011-03-27 |quote=LightTPD webserver for Windows Systems |archive-date=2011-03-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110324005357/http://en.wlmp-project.net/downloads.php?cat=lighty |dead-url=no }}.</ref>

==应用程序支持==
lighttpd支持向外部程序开放[[FastCGI]]、[[简单通用网关接口|SCGI]]及[[通用网关接口|CGI]]，允许以任意编程语言编写的程序与服务器通信。 [[PHP]]作为一门特别流行的语言，其性能受到了广泛关注。lighttpd的FastCGI可配置为使用[[PHP加速軟件|操作码缓存]]的方式来有效支持PHP（如[[PHP加速軟件#Alternative_PHP_Cache|Alternative PHP Cache]]）除此之外，lighttpd还获得了[[Python]]、[[Perl]]、[[Ruby]]和[[Lua]]社区的关注。lighttpd还支持[[WebDNA]]和弹性[[内存数据库]]系统。此软件是一款流行的、支持[[Catalyst]]和[[Ruby on Rails]]网页框架的网页服务器，但并不支持[[ISAPI]]。

== 特性 ==
* 支持[[负载均衡]]、[[FastCGI]]、[[SCGI]]及[[代理服务器|HTTP代理服务器]]
* 支援<code>[[Chroot|chroot]]</code>
* 网页服务器事件机制性能优化 – <code>select()</code>、<code>poll()</code>及<code>epoll()</code><ref>{{cite web |url= |title= Comparing and Evaluating epoll, select, and poll Event Mechanisms |first1= Louay |last1= Gammo |first2= Tim |last2= Brecht |first3= Amol |last3= Shukla |first4= David |last4= Pariag |publisher= University of Waterloo |work= Linux Symposium |date= 2004 |volume= 1 |page= 215 }}</ref>
* 支持更高效的{{tsl|en|event notification|事件通知|事件通知}}
* 支持[[URL重寫|URL条件重写]]（mod_rewrite）
* 通过[[OpenSSL]]可提供支持[[服务器名称指示|SNI]]的[[傳輸層安全性協定|TLS/SSL]]
* 透過[[轻型目录访问协议|LDAP]]服务器認證
* [[RRDtool]]狀態輸出
* 基于规则的下载
* [[服务器端内嵌]]支持（不包括服务侧CGI）<ref>[http://redmine.lighttpd.net/issues/show/1101 lighttpd - Bug #1101: SSI include virtual does not run cgi] {{Wayback|url=http://redmine.lighttpd.net/issues/show/1101 |date=20111007190532 }} – lighty labs</ref>
* 灵活的[[虚拟主机|虚拟主机]]
* 模块支持
* 缓存元语言（现已被mod_magnet替代）<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://redmine.lighttpd.net/projects/lighttpd/wiki/Docs:ModMagnet |title=存档副本 |accessdate=2019-04-23 |archive-date=2012-06-29 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120629054001/http://redmine.lighttpd.net/projects/lighttpd/wiki/Docs:ModMagnet |dead-url=no }}</ref> using the [[Lua|Lua programming language]]
* 对[[基于Web的分布式编写和版本控制|WebDAV]]最小支持
* Servlet（{{tsl|en|Apache JServ Protocol|Apache JServ协议|AJP}}）支持（1.5.x版後）
* 使用mod_compress及新版mod_deflate（1.4.42）的[[HTTP压缩]]
* 软件轻量（小于1[[百萬位元組|MB]]）<ref>{{Cite web| url=http://download.lighttpd.net/lighttpd/| title=lighttpd releases| accessdate=20 June 2010| publisher=lighttpd.net| archive-date=2019-09-09| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190909122818/http://download.lighttpd.net/lighttpd/| dead-url=no}}</ref>
* 仅有若干线程的单进程设计。开始每条连接时不产生新进程或新线程。

==局限性==
* 低于1.4.40以下的版本不官方支持从CGI、FastCGI或代理-{}-发送大文件，<ref>{{cite web|url =http://redmine.lighttpd.net/issues/1283|title =Memory usage increases when proxy+ssl+large file|publisher =lighttpd bug tracker|accessdate =2011-04-11|archive-date =2011-04-20|archive-url =https://web.archive.org/web/20110420152911/http://redmine.lighttpd.net/issues/1283|dead-url =no}}</ref>除非使用X-Sendfile。此问题已于lighttpd 1.4.40版中解决。<ref>{{cite web|url =https://redmine.lighttpd.net/issues/933|title =lighty should buffer responses (after it grows above certain size) on disk|publisher =lighttpd bug tracker|accessdate =2016-07-16|archive-date =2016-07-23|archive-url =https://web.archive.org/web/20160723163206/http://redmine.lighttpd.net/issues/933|dead-url =no}}</ref>
* 不支持SPDY或[[HTTP/2]]。此問題已於lighttpd 1.4.56版中解決。

==用法==
lighttpd被多个业务量极大的网站使用，如[[Bloglines]]和[[Xkcd|xkcd]]。<ref>{{cite web|url = http://www.webtechster.com/trends/web-server/lighttpd.html|title = lighttpd Web Server Usage|publisher = WebTechster|accessdate = 2014-03-26|archive-date = 2019-04-23|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20190423133533/http://www.webtechster.com/trends/web-server/lighttpd.html|dead-url = no}}</ref>在过去，[[Meebo]]和[[YouTube]]也曾使用lighttpd。<ref>{{cite web|url = http://www.serverwatch.com/stypes/servers/article.php/17191_3678346|title = Fly Light With lighttpd Web Server|publisher = ServerWatch|accessdate = 2008-02-12|archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20140331045948/http://www.serverwatch.com/stypes/servers/article.php/17191_3678346|archivedate = 2014-03-31|dead-url = yes}}</ref> [[维基媒体基金会]]也在服务器上运行lighttpd。<ref>{{cite web|url = http://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-l/2008-August/039194.html|title = Apache mod_php in wikipedia|publisher = Wikimedia wikitech-l mailing list|date = 2008-08-26|accessdate = 2008-08-27|author = Brion Vibber|archive-date = 2019-04-23|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20190423133554/https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-l/2008-August/039194.html|dead-url = no}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url = http://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-l/2008-August/039197.html|title = Apache mod_php in wikipedia|publisher = Wikimedia wikitech-l mailing list|date = 2008-08-27|accessdate = 2008-08-27|author = Tim Starling|archive-date = 2019-04-23|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20190423133547/https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-l/2008-August/039197.html|dead-url = no}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url = http://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-l/2008-August/039198.html|title = Apache mod_php in wikipedia|publisher = Wikimedia wikitech-l mailing list|date = 2008-08-27|accessdate = 2008-08-27|author = Domas Mitzuas|archive-date = 2019-04-23|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20190423133601/https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikitech-l/2008-August/039198.html|dead-url = no}}</ref><ref name=Poweredbylighttpd>{{cite web
| url=http://www.lighttpd.net/2007/4/4/powered-by-lighttpd
| title=Powered by lighttpd
| publisher=The official site
| date=2007-04-04
| quote=lighttpd is used by many well-known sites. The typical scenario is using lighttpd as off-load server to push out static content and leave the complex work to another server.
| accessdate=2008-12-22
| archive-date=2018-06-27
| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180627170221/https://www.lighttpd.net/2007/4/4/powered-by-lighttpd/
| dead-url=no
}}</ref>

==操作系统支持==
lighttpd至少为下列平台定期构建和发布:

* Linux（在Fedora Core、SuSE、OpenSUSE、Debian、Ubuntu、Gentoo、PLD-Linux、OpenWRT等發行版中可直接使用[[軟體套件|套件]]包）
* 原始碼安裝（[[CentOS]]等）
* BSD（[[FreeBSD]]、[[NetBSD]]、[[OpenBSD]]）
* [[Mac OS X]]
* IRIX
* [[Windows]]（[[Cygwin]]、[[MinGW]]等）
* [[Solaris]]
* AIX

==参考文献==
{{Reflist}}

==另请参阅==
{{Portal|自由軟體}}
* [[網頁伺服器比較]]
* {{tsl|en|Internet Cache Protocol|互联网缓存协议|互联网缓存协议}}
* 讨论客户端代理的[[代理服务器]]
* 讨论源站代理的[[反向代理]]
* [[Traffic Server]]
* 讨论基于主机的HTTP加速的{{tsl|en|Web accelerator|网页加速器|网页加速器}}

==延伸阅读==
{{refbegin}}
* {{cite book
|first1 = Andre
|last1 = Bogus
|date = October 29, 2008
|title = lighttpd
|publisher = {{tsl|en|Packt Publishing||Packt Publishing}}
|edition = 1st
|page = 236
|isbn = 978-1847192103
|url = https://www.packtpub.com/lighttpd/book
|access-date = 2019-04-23
|archive-date = 2014-07-15
|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20140715001902/https://www.packtpub.com/lighttpd/book
|dead-url = no
}}
{{refend}}

== 外部連結 ==
* {{Official website}}
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20051207024505/http://forum.lighttpd.net/ lighttpd forum]，lighttpd的論壇。
* [http://blog.lighttpd.net/ lighty's life] {{Wayback|url=http://blog.lighttpd.net/ |date=20200728072922 }}，lighttpd的[[網誌]]。
* [http://www.oschina.net/p/lighttpd] {{Wayback|url=http://www.oschina.net/p/lighttpd |date=20201126122238 }}, Open Source China 的介绍

{{Web服务器软件}}

[[Category:用C編程的自由軟體]]
[[Category:自由网络服务器软件]]
[[Category:自由跨平台軟體]]
[[Category:Unix网络相关软件]]
[[Category:Linux网络服务器软件]]
[[Category:Windows互联网软件]]

Lighttpd - 版本历史

imported>蓝哿：​维基化

imported>蓝哿：维基化