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'''ISO 7637'''标准全称为：'''道路车辆 -- 由传导和耦合产生的电气干扰'''<ref name="iso-official-63098">{{cite web|url=https://www.iso.org/standard/63098.html|publisher=[[國際標準化組織|ISO]]|title=ISO 7637-1:2015|accessdate=8 November 2018|archive-date=2020-08-01|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200801220800/https://www.iso.org/standard/63098.html|dead-url=no}}</ref>（{{langx|en|Road vehicles -- Electrical disturbances from conduction and coupling}}）。该标准是[[国际标准化组织]]为汽车12V和24V供电系统设立的[[电磁兼容性]]标准。截至2018年11月，ISO 7637标准共发布了4个部分，<ref name="iso-official-63098" /><ref name="iso-official-50925" /><ref name="iso-official-59603" /><ref name="iso-official-68935">{{cite web|url=https://www.iso.org/standard/68935.html|title=ISO/TR 7637-5:2016|publisher=ISO|accessdate=8 November 2018|archive-date=2020-08-02|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200802014735/https://www.iso.org/standard/68935.html|dead-url=no}}</ref><ref name="ti">{{cite web|title=1.2 ISO7637 and related standards overview|url=https://training.ti.com/iso7637-and-related-standards-overview?cu=1127713|publisher=[[德州仪器|Texas Instruments]]|accessdate=June 1, 2016|date=June 2016|archive-date=2019-03-30|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190330205318/https://training.ti.com/iso7637-and-related-standards-overview?cu=1127713|dead-url=no}}</ref>仍有一个部分（第4部分）修订中：<ref name="iso-official-72067">{{cite web|url=https://www.iso.org/standard/72067.html|title=ISO/DTS 7637-4|publisher=ISO|accessdate=8 November 2018|archive-date=2019-10-17|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191017130924/https://www.iso.org/standard/72067.html|dead-url=no}}</ref>
* ISO 7637-1（最后修订于{{start date|2015|10}}<ref name="iso-official-63098" />）定义和一般考虑
* ISO 7637-2（最后修订于{{start date|2011|3}}<ref name="iso-official-50925">{{cite web|url=https://www.iso.org/standard/50925.html|publisher=ISO|title=ISO 7637-2:2011|accessdate=8 November 2018|archive-date=2019-10-17|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191017130929/https://www.iso.org/standard/50925.html|dead-url=no}}</ref>）仅沿电源线的瞬时电传导
* ISO 7637-3（最后修订于{{start date|2016|7}}<ref name="iso-official-59603">{{cite web|url=https://www.iso.org/standard/59603.html|publisher=ISO|title=ISO 7637-3:2016|accessdate=8 November 2018|archive-date=2020-08-01|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200801224018/https://www.iso.org/standard/59603.html|dead-url=no}}</ref>）沿电源线以外的其他线缆的电容性和电感性耦合产生的瞬时电传导
* ISO 7637-4 仅沿有屏蔽层的高压电源线的瞬时电传导
* ISO 7637-5（最后修订于{{start date|2016|11}}<ref name="iso-official-68935" />）强化定义和使用符合ISO 7637的脉冲发生器进行协调验证的方法
ISO 7637-2的测试中包含数个不同的{{tsl|en|Transient (oscillation)|瞬态 (振荡)|瞬态电压}}波形。这些脉冲或者波形的上升沿和下降沿十分迅速，通常为纳秒或者微秒级。<ref>{{cite web |last1=Brorein |first1=Edward |title=Mathematically Defining Test Pulse 2b of the ISO-7637-2 Section 5.6.2 Automotive Test Standard |url=https://incompliancemag.com/article/mathematically-defining-test-pulse-2b-of-the-iso-7637-2-section-5-6-2-automotive-test-standard/ |website=InCompliance Maganzine |accessdate=January 31, 2018 |date=2018-01-31 |archive-date=2019-04-19 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190419103723/https://incompliancemag.com/article/mathematically-defining-test-pulse-2b-of-the-iso-7637-2-section-5-6-2-automotive-test-standard/ |dead-url=no }}</ref>设计这些瞬态电压实验的目的在于模拟现实条件下，汽车会遇到的所有电气事故，包括[[抛负载]]情况。主要的章節包括：

# 範圍
# 規範引用文件
# 術語與定義
# 測試步驟
# 測試儀器說明與規格範圍

ISO 7637-3的測試中，包含數個不同的瞬態干擾波型。這些干擾是針對訊號端的抗雜訊能力進行設計，在施加雜訊的情況下，訊號傳遞與接收的狀態越好，代表抗雜訊的能力越好。狀態的等級也有在規範中敘明，最差是Level IV；最佳是Level I。主要章節包括：

# 範圍˙
# 規範引用文件
# 術語與定義
# 測試方法
# 測試儀器說明與規格範圍

很多汽车制造商的设计标准参照了ISO 7637标准，并对测试波形进行修改以适应其自身需求。<ref>{{cite web |title=ISO 7637-2:2011 Road vehicles -- Electrical disturbances from conduction and coupling -- Part 2: Electrical transient conduction along supply lines only |url=https://transientspecialists.com/collections/iso-7637 |website=Transient Specialists |accessdate=24 September 2018 |archive-date=2018-11-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181108065620/https://transientspecialists.com/collections/iso-7637 |dead-url=no }}</ref>ISO 7637同时包括电磁兼容性测试的电磁耐受性和发射部分。<ref>{{cite report|author=|author-link=|authors=|date=|title=Transient Emission Analysis..using Simulation|url=http://www.bordsysteme.tu-dortmund.de/publications/2013_EMC_Europe_Transient_Emission_Analysis_Testing_of_EV-_and_HEV-Powertrains_using_Simulation.PDF|publisher=EMC Europe 2013|page=2|docket=|access-date=September 6, 2013|quote=|archive-date=2020-08-01|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200801221535/http://www.bordsysteme.tu-dortmund.de/publications/2013_EMC_Europe_Transient_Emission_Analysis_Testing_of_EV-_and_HEV-Powertrains_using_Simulation.PDF|dead-url=no}}</ref>所有这些标准规范了能够用来重现电气事故，进行测试的仪器设备参数要求。<ref>{{cite web |last1=Eddleman |first1=Dan |title=Robust Automotive Supply Protection for ISO 7637-2 and ISO 16750-2 Compliance |url=https://www.eenewsautomotive.com/design-center/robust-automotive-supply-protection-iso-7637-2-and-iso-16750-2-compliance/page/0/8 |website=EE News Automotive |accessdate=October 22, 2017 |date=2017-10-22 |archive-date=2019-04-19 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190419122418/https://www.eenewsautomotive.com/design-center/robust-automotive-supply-protection-iso-7637-2-and-iso-16750-2-compliance/page/0/8 |dead-url=no }}</ref>

==参见==
* {{tsl|en|List of common EMC test standards|常用电磁兼容性测试标准列表}}
* [[国际无线电干扰特别委员会]]CISPR
* [[電磁干擾]]

== 参考资料 ==
{{reflist}}

{{ISO standards|state=collapsed}}

[[Category:电磁兼容性]]
[[Category:ISO標準]]
[[Category:汽车标准]]

ISO 7637 - 版本历史

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