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'''人類白血球抗原B27'''（HLA-B27，B*2701-2759亞型）<ref name="Khan2010">{{cite book |title=The HLA Complex in Biology and Medicine |url=https://archive.org/details/hlacomplexinbiol0000unse |author=M. A. Khan |publisher=Jayppee Brothers Medical Publishers |location=New Delhi, India |year=2010 |isbn=978-81-8448-870-8 |editor=Narinder K. Mehra |pages=[https://archive.org/details/hlacomplexinbiol0000unse/page/n284 259]–275 |chapter=HLA and spondyloarthropathies}}</ref> 是一種由[[主要组织相容性复合体|主要組織相容性複合體]]（MHC）中的B位點所編碼的I類細胞表面分子，位於[[6號染色體]]上，負責向[[T細胞]]呈遞抗原性[[肽]]（來源包括自體與外來抗原）。HLA-B27與[[強直性脊椎炎]]及其他相關的發炎性疾病（如[[乾癬性關節炎]]、[[炎症性肠病|發炎性腸病]]、[[反应性关节炎|反應性關節炎]]）具有高度關聯性。

==盛行率==
HLA-B27在各國盛行率差異極大。HLA-B27在美國的盛行率約為6-8%<ref name="auto">{{Cite book |url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK551523/ |title=StatPearls |last1=Parameswaran |first1=Padmini |last2=Lucke |first2=Michael |date=November 30, 2024 |publisher=StatPearls Publishing |pmid=31855367 |via=PubMed}}</ref>，在[[北非]]人口中約為4%，[[漢族]]人口中約為2-9%，而在[[大和民族|日本人]]中則僅有0.1–0.5%<ref name="Khan2010" />。在北[[斯堪的納維亞]]的[[萨米 (地区)|薩米地區]]，[[薩米人]]的HLA-B27陽性率為24%，其中1.8%罹患[[強直性脊椎炎]]<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Johnsen |first=K. |last2=Gran |first2=J. T. |last3=Dale |first3=K. |last4=Husby |first4=G. |title=The prevalence of ankylosing spondylitis among Norwegian Samis (Lapps) |url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1464873/ |journal=The Journal of Rheumatology |date=October 1992 |volume=19 |issue=10 |pages=1591–1594 |issn=0315-162X |pmid=1464873}}</ref>，相比之下，北斯堪的納維亞人整體的HLA-B27陽性率為14-16%<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Gran |first=J. T. |last2=Mellby |first2=A. S. |last3=Husby |first3=G. |title=The Prevalence of HLA-B27 in Northern Norway |url=http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.3109/03009748409100382 |journal=Scandinavian Journal of Rheumatology |language=en |date=January 1984 |volume=13 |issue=2 |pages=173–176 |doi=10.3109/03009748409100382 |issn=0300-9742}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Bjelle |first=Anders |last2=Cedergren |first2=Bertil |last3=Rantapää Dahlqvist |first3=Solbritt |title=HLA B 27 in the Population of Northern Sweden |url=http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.3109/03009748209098109 |journal=Scandinavian Journal of Rheumatology |language=en |date=January 1982 |volume=11 |issue=1 |pages=23–26 |doi=10.3109/03009748209098109 |issn=0300-9742}}</ref>。在[[芬蘭]]，估計有14%的人口HLA-B27陽性，其中超過95%的[[強直性脊椎炎]]患者和約70–80%的[[反應性關節炎]]患者攜帶此基因標記<ref name="vshp">{{cite web |title=Vaasa, laboratorio-ohjekirja Ly-Kudosantigeeni B27 (Vaasa, laboratory manual Ly-Tissue antigen B27) |url=http://www.vshp.fi/medserv/klkemi/fi/ohjekirja/3075.htm |date=2014-07-21 |language=finnish |access-date=2023-04-13}}</ref>。

== 疾病關聯 ==

雖然已有多種疾病報導與HLA-B27的關聯，但大多數陽性個體終其一生不會發展出相關疾病<ref name="auto"/>，且其與疾病之間的病生理迄今尚不明朗<ref name=":1">{{Cite journal |last=Navid |first=Fatemeh |last2=Chen |first2=Liye |last3=Bowness |first3=Paul |last4=Colbert |first4=Robert A. |title=HLA-B27 and spondyloarthritis: at the crossroads of innate and adaptive immunity |url=https://www.nature.com/articles/s41584-024-01189-3 |journal=Nature Reviews Rheumatology |language=en |date=2025-02 |volume=21 |issue=2 |doi=10.1038/s41584-024-01189-3 |issn=1759-4804}}</ref>。

[[脊椎關節病變]]（SpA）是HLA-B27關聯疾病中，最廣為人知的一系列疾病，相關疾病包含[[强直性脊柱炎|僵直性脊椎炎]]（AS）、[[反应性关节炎|反應性關節炎]]等等。有高達九成的僵直性脊椎炎患者為HLA-B27陽性，且陽性個體比陰性個體更容易發生早發型僵直性脊椎炎<ref name=":2">{{Cite journal |last=Feldtkeller |first=Ernst |last2=Khan |first2=Muhammad |last3=van der Heijde |first3=Désirée |last4=van der Linden |first4=Sjef |last5=Braun |first5=Jürgen |title=Age at disease onset and diagnosis delay in HLA-B27 negative vs. positive patients with ankylosing spondylitis |url=http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00296-002-0237-4 |journal=Rheumatology International |language=en |date=2003-03 |volume=23 |issue=2 |doi=10.1007/s00296-002-0237-4 |issn=0172-8172}}</ref>，但僅有5%的HLA-B27陽性個體會出現此一疾病<ref name=":1" />。研究也發現陽性帶原者更容易因環境因子誘發疾病<ref name="Khan2010" /><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Thomas |first=Gethin P. |last2=Brown |first2=Matthew A. |title=Genetics and genomics of ankylosing spondylitis |url=https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.0105-2896.2009.00852.x |journal=Immunological Reviews |language=en |date=2010-01 |volume=233 |issue=1 |doi=10.1111/j.0105-2896.2009.00852.x |issn=0105-2896}}</ref>。

HLA-B27也與其他SpA關聯疾病相關，諸如[[反应性关节炎|反應性關節炎]]、葡萄膜炎、[[炎症性肠病|發炎性腸病]]等等<ref name="agabegi2nd257">{{cite book |author1=Elizabeth D Agabegi |author2=Agabegi, Steven S. |title=Step-Up to Medicine (Step-Up Series) |publisher=Lippincott Williams & Wilkins |location=Hagerstwon, MD |year=2008 |isbn=978-0-7817-7153-5 |url-access=registration |url=https://archive.org/details/stepuptomedicine0000agab }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | last=Kataria | first=RK | author2=Brent LH | title=Spondyloarthropathies | journal=American Family Physician | volume=69 | issue=12 | date=June 2004 | pages=2853–2860 | url=http://www.aafp.org/afp/20040615/2853.html | pmid=15222650 | access-date=2009-06-29 | archive-date=2008-07-09 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080709025335/http://www.aafp.org/afp/20040615/2853.html | url-status=dead }}</ref>。[[乾癬性關節炎]]中也有約40–50%的患者擁有HLA-B27基因<ref>{{Cite journal|url=https://www.nejm.org/doi/10.1056/NEJMra1505557|title=Psoriatic Arthritis|first1=Christopher T.|last1=Ritchlin|first2=Robert A.|last2=Colbert|first3=Dafna D.|last3=Gladman|date=March 9, 2017|journal=New England Journal of Medicine|volume=376|issue=10|pages=957–970|via=Taylor and Francis+NEJM|doi=10.1056/NEJMra1505557}}</ref>。

=== HIV非凡控制者 ===
約1/500的HIV感染者可在多年內無需治療仍保持無症狀狀態，這類個體被稱為{{tsl|en|long-term nonprogressor|非凡控制者}}。有研究指出在非凡控制者中，HLA-B27及{{tsl|en|HLA-B5701|HLA-B5701|HLA-B5701}}陽性個體的比例顯著較高<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Chatterjee |first=Koushik |title=Host genetic factors in susceptibility to HIV-1 infection and progression to AIDS |url=https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12041-010-0003-4 |journal=Journal of Genetics |language=en |date=2010-04-01 |volume=89 |issue=1 |doi=10.1007/s12041-010-0003-4 |issn=0973-7731}}</ref>。

==參見==
*[[人類白細胞抗原]]

==參考文獻==
{{Reflist|2}}

==外部連結==
* {{EMedicine|article|1201027|HLA-B27 Syndromes}} by A. Luisa Di Lorenzo, MBBCh
* {{cite journal |last1=Bowness |first1=P. |title=HLA B27 in health and disease: a double-edged sword? |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_rheumatology_2002-08_41_8/page/856 |journal=Rheumatology |date=1 August 2002 |volume=41 |issue=8 |pages=857–868 |doi=10.1093/rheumatology/41.8.857 |pmid=12154202 |doi-access=free }}
* {{OMIM|142830}}
* {{MeshName|HLA-B27}}
* [http://www.BASDAI.com BASDAI and Ankylosing Spondylitis]
* [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=hla+b27 National Library of Medicine - Papers on HLA B-27]
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:免疫系统疾病]]

HLA-B27 - 版本历史

imported>InternetArchiveBot：​Add 1 book for verifiability (20251017sim)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) (GreenC bot

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