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{{Starbox begin
| name = HD 114613
}}
{{Starbox image
| image =
<div style="position: relative">[[File:Centaurus IAU.svg|250px|alt=Diagram showing star positions and boundaries of the constellation of Centaurus and its surroundings]]
<div style="position: absolute; left: 113px; top: 74px">[[File:Cercle rouge 100%.svg|9px]]</div>
</div>
| caption = 半人馬座星圖，紅圈內即為 HD 114613。
}}
{{Starbox observe
| epoch = [[J2000.0]]
| constell = [[半人馬座]]<ref name=SIMBAD>{{cite web
| url=https://simbad.u-strasbg.fr/simbad/sim-id?Ident=HR+4979
| title =Pulsating variable Star
| publisher=Centre de Données astronomiques de Strasbourg
| work=SIMBAD
| accessdate=2012-07-13}}</ref><ref name=DATA>{{cite web
| url=http://vizier.u-strasbg.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-5?-out.add=.&-source=5050&-corr=PK=HR&-out.max=9999&HR=4979
| title=VizieR Detailed Page
| accessdate=2012-07-13
| archive-date=2016-03-05
| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305201643/http://vizier.u-strasbg.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-5?-out.add=.&-source=5050&-corr=PK=HR&-out.max=9999&HR=4979
| dead-url=no
}}</ref>
| 星官 =
| ra = {{RA|13|12|3.2}}<ref name=SIMBAD /><ref name=DATA /><ref name="van Leeuwen2007"/>
| dec = {{DEC|-37|48|11}}<ref name=SIMBAD /><ref name=DATA /><ref name="van Leeuwen2007"/>
| appmag_v = 4.852 ± 0.011<ref name=SIMBAD /><ref name=DATA /><ref name="Hog2000"/>
}}
{{Starbox character
| class = G3IV<ref name="Teff"/><ref group="note">SIMBAD 的資料是G3V。該恆星光度明顯高於典型主序星應有的光度。在赫羅圖上它的位置應是在次巨星。</ref>
| b-v = 0.659 ± 0.020<ref name="Hog2000"/>
| u-b = 0.31<ref name=SIMBAD /><ref name=DATA />
| r-i = 0.36<ref name=SIMBAD /><ref name=DATA />
| variable =
}}
{{Starbox astrometry
| radial_v = -15.0 ± 0.9
| prop_mo_ra = -381.72 ± 0.31<ref name="van Leeuwen2007"/>
| prop_mo_dec = 45.75 ± 0.20<ref name="van Leeuwen2007"/>
| parallax = 48.38
| p_error = 0.29
| parallax_footnote = <ref name="van Leeuwen2007"/>
| absmag_v = 3.276 ± 0.024<ref name="AbsMag"/>
}}
{{Starbox detail
| mass = 1.25 ± 0.03<ref name="Takeda2007"/>
| radius = 2.01 ± 0.06<ref name="Takeda2007"/>
| luminosity = 4.057 ± 0.014<ref name="Sousa08"/>
| gravity = 3.97 ± 0.02<ref name="Sousa08"/>
| temperature = 5729 ± 17<ref name="Sousa08"/>
| metal_fe = 0.19 ± 0.01<ref name="Sousa08"/>
| rotation = 34.1 ± 3.5 days<ref name="Lovis2011"/>
| rotational_velocity = 2.4 ± 0.5<ref name="Valenti2005"/>
| age_gyr = 5.20 ± 0.24<ref name="Takeda2007"/>
}}
{{Starbox catalog
| names =CD-37 8437，[[SAO星表|SAO]] 204227，[[HD星表|HD]] 114613，[[HR星表|HR]] 4979，HIP 64408，Gliese 501.2}}
{{Starbox reference |Simbad=HR+4979}}
{{Starbox end}}

'''HD 114613'''，又名'''CD-37 8437'''，'''SAO 204227'''、'''HR 4979'''，是一颗在[[半人馬座]]的[[次巨星]]，视星等为4.85，位于[[銀道座標系|銀經]]307.43，[[銀道座標系|銀緯]]24.89。距離地球約67光年，目前已確認有一顆長週期[[太陽系外行星]]存在，並可能還有未發現行星。

== 恆星狀況 ==
<div style="position: relative">[[File:HRDiagram.png|thumb|left|HD 114613在[[赫羅圖]]中的位置明顯高於主序帶。]]
<div style="position: absolute; left: 86px; top: 114px">[[File:Chess tile xg.svg|20px]]</div>
</div>
HD 114613位於[[半人馬座ι]]東南方，距離約8[[角分]]處，朝向半人馬座中央。雖然該恆星在夜空中可被肉眼觀測，但因為半人馬座內肉眼可見恆星很多，[[拜耳命名法|拜耳天體]]和[[佛蘭斯蒂德命名法|佛蘭斯蒂德天體]]目錄並未將它收錄。

HD 114613的B-V色指數和光譜溫度顯示它的光譜類型應是G3，這代表它的表面溫度只比太陽低50 [[熱力學溫標|K]]，並且外觀呈黃色。在赫羅圖上HD 114613的位置明顯高於主序帶，反而接近[[次巨星]]分支，這代表它核心中的氫已完全耗盡，並且在赫羅圖上移動到巨星分支過程中會增加光度和半徑，但表面溫度降低。因為它在演化過程中溫度降低，代表它在主序星時期的光譜類型屬於較早期類型，可能是接近屬於 F9V 的[[时钟座ι]]。

因為HD 114613即將結束氫融合，它的年齡必定相當古老。根據光譜觀測資料得知其質量1.25 ± 0.03 [[太陽質量|M<sub>☉</sub>]]和表面重力log 3.95 ± 0.03 g，可推測出它的年齡為52.0 ± 2.4億年<ref name="Takeda2007"/>，代表它比太陽稍老。因為恆星的[[金屬量]]原則上隨恆星年齡增加而下降，並且在星系[[薄盤 (星系)|薄盤]]內恆星年齡和金屬量範圍極大，所以 HD 114613 的鐵含量高達0.19 ± 0.01 dex（太陽的155 ± 4%）是正常的。而巨大行星在 Fe/H = 0.2 dex 的恆星旁形成的機率是15%<ref name="Mortier2013"/>，所以在HD 114613旁發現距行星並不會讓人感到意外。

HD 114613的特殊之處在於它的光譜型比太陽更加早期，並且現在是次巨星。而它也有一個磁場改變的週期<ref name="Lovis2011"/>。它的磁場改變週期為897 ± 61日，比[[太陽週期]]短4.5倍，是已知最短的其中一個恆星磁場改變週期。

== 行星系 ==
因為HD 114613較明亮，並且與太陽類似，天文學家將它列為以[[徑向速度]]法搜尋系外行星的目標。

HD 114613是在南半球自1992年到1998年間進行的 [[欧洲南方天文台|ESO]]-CES 巡天中首批以徑向速度法進行偵測系外行星的37顆恆星其中一顆<ref name="Endl2002"/>。該次巡天並未在距離恆星數天文單位內的距離找到任何木星數倍質量的行星。之後天文學家使用[[高精度徑向速度行星搜索器]]（HARPS）對前述恆星進行更進一步觀測，結果認為在距離恆星超過約5天文單位的距離沒有質量相當於木星的行星存在<ref name="Zechmeister2013"/>。

1998年起HD 114613就是 ESO-[[CORALIE攝譜儀|CORALIE]]<ref name="Mortier2013"/>和 [[英澳望遠鏡|AAT]]-UCLES<ref name="Jones2002"/>這兩個行星巡天的對象。因為 CORALIE 在HD 114613找到穩定的徑向速度變化，因此天文學家將該恆星列為以更高精度觀測的目標，並於2004年使用 HARPS 進行觀測<ref name="Sousa08"/>，之後2005年時它也成為英澳望遠鏡的觀測對象<ref name="Wittenmyer2010"/><ref name="Wittenmyer2011"/>。另外，雖然HD 114613並非 [[凱克天文台|Keck]]-HIRES Eta-Earth 低質量行星巡天計畫的主要目標，但自2004年起也納入該計畫觀測對象<ref name="Howard2010"/>。

=== 行星系統 ===
Robert Wittenmyer 等人於2012年發表論文指出<ref name="Wittenmyer2012"/>，HD 114613周圍應有一低質量系外行星存在。雖然他們引用了 Mikko Tuomi 等人於2012年提交至《[[天文与天体物理学报]]》，但直到2013年才正式出版的論文<ref name=Tuomi2013/>。該論文提及[[天倉五]]和HD 114613的活動分布指數類似。並且截至2014年1月仍無論文宣稱在HD 114613周圍發現「低質量行星」。

不過，前述研究結果並不表示HD 114613周圍並無任何行星。Wittenmyer 等人於2014年宣稱發現HD 114613存在週期10.5年的徑向速度變化，代表它有一個長週期天體環繞<ref name="Wittenmyer2014"/>。而徑向速度變化的半振幅為5.5 m/s，代表該行星的質量下限為木星的一半。行星的[[軌道離心率]]0.25，代表在寬鬆定義上它是類木星行星。波江座40b _ HD20794c _HD85512b_HD 114613b 偽陽性訊號

{{OrbitboxPlanet begin
| table_ref = <ref name="Wittenmyer2014"/>
}}
{{OrbitboxPlanet
| exoplanet = [[HD 114613 b|b]]
| mass = ≥0.48 ± 0.04
| period = 3827 ± 105
| semimajor = 5.16 ± 0.13
| eccentricity = 0.25 ± 0.08
}}
{{Orbitbox end}}

== 註釋 ==
{{Reflist|group=note}}

==參考資料==
{{reflist|refs=

<ref name="van Leeuwen2007">{{cite journal |url=http://www.aanda.org/index.php?option=com_article&access=bibcode&Itemid=129&bibcode=2007A%2526A...474..653VFUL |title=Validation of the new Hipparcos reduction |last1=van Leeuwen |first1=F. |journal=Astronomy and Astrophysics |volume=474 |issue=2 |pages=653–664 |year=2007 |arxiv=0708.1752 |bibcode=2007A&A...474..653V |doi=10.1051/0004-6361:20078357 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160402233353/http://www.aanda.org/index.php?option=com_article&access=bibcode&Itemid=129&bibcode=2007A&A...474..653VFUL |archivedate=2016-04-02 |access-date=2014-02-12 }}</ref>

<ref name="Hog2000">{{cite journal | title=The Tycho-2 catalogue of the 2.5 million brightest stars | last1=Høg | first1=E. | last2=Fabricius | first2=C. | last3=Makarov | first3=V. V. | last4=Urban | first4=S. | last5=Corbin | first5=T. | last6=Wycoff | first6=G. | last7=Bastian | first7=U. | last8=Schwekendiek | first8=P. | last9=Wicenec | first9=A. | display-authors=1 | journal=Astronomy and Astrophysics | volume=355 | pages=27–30 | year=2000 | bibcode=2000A&A...355L..27H }}</ref>

<ref name="Teff">[https://www.pas.rochester.edu/~emamajek/EEM_dwarf_UBVIJHK_colors_Teff.dat A Modern Mean Stellar Color and Effective Temperatures (Teff) # Sequence for O9V-Y0V Dwarf Stars] {{Wayback|url=https://www.pas.rochester.edu/~emamajek/EEM_dwarf_UBVIJHK_colors_Teff.dat |date=20160807074735 }}, E. Mamajek, 2011, website</ref>

<ref name="AbsMag">絕對星等的計算式：<math>\scriptstyle M = m - 5 \log_{10} \left( \frac{100}{\mathrm{parallax\ (mas)}} \right)</math>。<math>M\!\,</math> 是絕對星等，<math>m\!\,</math> 是視星等。</ref>

<ref name="Takeda2007">{{cite journal | title=Structure and Evolution of Nearby Stars with Planets. II. Physical Properties of ~1000 Cool Stars from the SPOCS Catalog | last1=Takeda | first1=Genya | last2=Ford | first2=Eric B. | last3=Sills | first3=Alison | last4=Rasio | first4=Frederic A. | last5=Fischer | first5=Debra A. | last6=Valenti | first6= Jeff A. | display-authors=1 | journal=The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series | volume=168 | issue=2 | pages=297–318 | year=2007 | arxiv=astro-ph/0607235 | bibcode=2007ApJS..168..297T | doi=10.1086/509763 }}</ref>

<ref name=Sousa08>{{cite journal | author=Sousa, S. G. | title=Spectroscopic parameters for 451 stars in the HARPS GTO planet search program. Stellar [Fe/H] and the frequency of exo-Neptunes | journal=Astronomy and Astrophysics | volume=487 | issue=1 | pages=373–381 | doi=10.1051/0004-6361:200809698 | bibcode=2008A&A...487..373S | display-authors=1 | last2=Santos | first2=N. C. | last3=Mayor | first3=M. | last4=Udry | first4=S. | last5=Casagrande | first5=L. | last6=Israelian | first6=G. | last7=Pepe | first7=F. | last8=Queloz | first8=D. | last9=Monteiro | first9=M. J. P. F. G. |arxiv = 0805.4826 |date=August 2008}}</ref>

<ref name="Lovis2011">{{cite journal | title=The HARPS search for southern extra-solar planets. XXXI. Magnetic activity cycles in solar-type stars: statistics and impact on precise radial velocities | last1=Lovis | first1=C. | last2=Dumusque | first2=X. | last3=Santos | first3=N. C. | last4=Bouchy | first4=F. | last5=Mayor | first5=M. | last6=Pepe | first6=F. | last7=Queloz | first7=D. | last8=Ségransan | first8=D. | last9=Udry | first9=S. | display-authors=1 | journal=Astronomy and Astrophysics (submitted) | year=2011 | arxiv=1107.5325}}</ref>

<ref name="Valenti2005">{{cite journal | title=Spectroscopic Properties of Cool Stars (SPOCS). I. 1040 F, G, and K Dwarfs from Keck, Lick, and AAT Planet Search Programs | last1=Valenti | first1=J. A. | last2=Fischer | first2=D. A. | journal=The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series | volume=159 | issue=1 | pages=141–166 | year=2005 | bibcode=2005ApJS..159..141V | doi=10.1086/430500 }}</ref>

<ref name="Mortier2013">{{cite journal | title=On the functional form of the metallicity-giant planet correlation | last1=Mortier | first1=A. | last2=Santos | first2=N. C. | last3=Sousa | first3=S. | last4=Israelian | first4=S. | last5=Mayor | first5=M. | last6=Udry | first6=S. | display-authors=1 | journal=Astronomy & Astrophysics | volume=551 | year=2013 | arxiv=1302.1851 | bibcode=2013A&A...551A.112M | doi=10.1051/0004-6361/201220707 }}</ref>

<ref name="Endl2002">{{cite journal | title=The planet search program at the ESO Coudé Echelle spectrometer. III. The complete Long Camera survey results | last1=Endl | first1=M. | last2=Kürster | first2=M. | last3=Els | first3=S. | last4=Hatzes | first4=A. P. | last5=Cochran | first5=W. D. | last6=Dennerl | first6=K. | last7=Döbereiner | first7=S. | display-authors=1 | journal=Astronomy & Astrophysics | volume=392 | pages=671-690 | year=2002 | arxiv=astro-ph/0207512 | bibcode=2002A&A...392..671E | doi=10.1051/0004-6361:20020937 }}</ref>

<ref name="Zechmeister2013">{{cite journal | title=The planet search programme at the ESO CES and HARPS. IV. The search for Jupiter analogues around solar-like stars | last1=Zechmeister | first1=M. | last2=Kürster | first2=M. | last3=Endl | first3=M. | last4=Lo Curto | first4=G. | last5=Hartman | first5=H. | last6=Nilsson | first6=H. | last7=Henning | first7=T. | last8=Hatzes | first8=A. P. | last9=Cochran | first9=W. D. | display-authors=1 | journal=Astronomy & Astrophysics | volume=592 | year=2013 | arxiv=1211.7263 |bibcode = 2013A&A...552A..78Z | doi = 10.1051/0004-6361/201116551 }}</ref>

<ref name="Jones2002">{{cite journal | title=Extrasolar planets around HD 196050, HD 216437 and HD 160691 | last1=Jones | first1=Hugh R. A. | last2=Paul Butler | first2=R. | last3=Marcy | first3=Geoffrey W. | last4=Tinney | first4=Chris G. | last5=Penny | first5=Alan J. | last6=McCarthy | first6=Chris | last7=Carter | first7=Brad D. | display-authors=1 | journal=Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society | volume=337 | issue=4 | pages=1170–1178 | year=2002 | arxiv=astro-ph/0206216 | bibcode=2002MNRAS.337.1170J | doi=10.1046/j.1365-8711.2002.05787.x }}</ref>

<ref name="Wittenmyer2010">{{cite journal | title=The Frequency of Low-mass Exoplanets. II. The "Period Valley" | last1=Wittenmyer | first1=Robert A. | last2=O'Toole | first2=Simon J. | last3=Jones | first3=H. R. A. | last4=Tinney | first4=C. G. | last5=Butler | first5=R. P. | last6=Carter | first6=B. D. | last7=Bailey | first7=J. | display-authors=1 | journal=The Astrophysical Journal | volume=722 | issue=2 | year=2010 | arxiv=1008.5232 | bibcode=2010ApJ...722.1854W | doi=10.1088/0004-637X/722/2/1854 }}</ref>

<ref name="Wittenmyer2011">{{cite journal | title=The Frequency of Low-mass Exoplanets. III. Toward η<sub>⊕</sub> at Short Periods | last1=Wittenmyer | first1=Robert A. | last2=Tinney | first2=C. G. | last3=Butler | first3=R. P. | last4=O'Toole | first4=Simon J. | last5=Jones | first5=H. R. A. | last6=Carter | first6=B. D. | last7=Bailey | first7=J | last8=Horner | first8=J. | display-authors=1 | journal=The Astrophysical Journal | volume=738| issue=1 | year=2011 | arxiv=1103.4186 | bibcode=2011ApJ...738...81W | doi=10.1088/0004-637X/738/1/81 }}</ref>

<ref name="Howard2010">{{cite journal | title=The Occurrence and Mass Distribution of Close-in Super-Earths, Neptunes, and Jupiters | last1=Howard | first1=Andrew A. | last2=Marcy | first2=Geoffrey W. | last3=Johnson | first3=John Asher | last4=Fischer | first4=Debra A. | last5=Wright | first5=Jason T. | last6=Isaacson | first6=Howard | last7=Valenti | first7=Jeff A. | last8=Anderson | first8=Jay | last9=Lin | first9=Doug N. C. | last10=Ida | first10=Shigeru | display-authors=1 | journal=Science | volume=330 | year=2010 | arxiv=1011.0143 | bibcode=2010Sci...330..653H | doi=10.1126/science.1194854 }}</ref>

<ref name="Wittenmyer2012">{{cite journal | title=The Anglo-Australian Planet Search. XXII. Two New Multi-planet Systems | last1=Wittenmyer | first1=Robert A. | last2=Horner | first2=J. | last3=Tuomi | first3=Mikko | last4=Salter | first4=G.S. | last5=Tinney | first5=C.G. | last6=Butler | first6=R.P. | last7=Jones | first7=H.R.A. | last8=O'Toole | first8=S.J. | last9=Bailey | first9=J. | last10=Carter | first10=B.D. | last11=Jenkins | first11=J.S. | last12=Zhang | first12=Z. | last13=Vogt | first13=S.S. | last14=Rivera| first14=Eugenio J. | display-authors=1 | journal=The Astrophysical Journal | volume=753 | issue=2 | year=2012 | at=169 | arxiv=1205.2765 | bibcode=2012ApJ...753..169W | doi=10.1088/0004-637X/753/2/169 }}</ref>

<ref name="Tuomi2013">{{cite journal | title=Signals embedded in the radial velocity noise. Periodic variations in the τ Ceti velocities | last1=Tuomi | first1=M. | last2=Jones | first2=H. R. A. | last3=Jenkins | first3=J. S. | last4=Tinney | first4=C. G. | last5=Butler | first5=R. P. | last6=Vogt | first6=S. S. | last7=Barnes | first7=J. R. | last8=Wittenmyer | first8=R. A. | last9=O'Toole | first9=S. | last10=Horner | first10=J. | last11=Bailey | first11=J. | last12=Carter | first12=B. D. | last13=Wright | first13=D. J. | last14=Salter | first14=G. S. | last15=Pinfield | first15=D. | display-authors=1 | journal=Astronomy & Astrophysics | volume=551 | year=2013 | arxiv=1212.4277 | bibcode=2013A&A...551A..79T | doi=10.1051/0004-6361/201220509 }}</ref>

<ref name="Wittenmyer2014">{{cite journal | title=The Anglo-Australian Planet Search. XXIII. Two New Jupiter Analogs | last1=Wittenmyer | first1=Robert A. | last2=Horner | first2=Jonathan | last3=Tinney | first3=C.G. | last4=Butler | first4=R. P. | last5=Jones | first5=H.R.A. | last6=Tuomi | first6=Mikko | last7=Salter | first7=G.S. | last8=Carter | first8=B.D. | last9=Koch | first9=F. Elliot | last10=O'Toole | first10=S.J. | last11=Bailey | first11=J. | last12=Wright | first12= D. | display-authors=1 | journal=The Astrophysical Journal | year=2014 | arxiv=1401.5525 }}</ref>

}}

{{Stars of Centaurus}}

[[Category:半人馬座]]
[[Category:HD和HDE天體|114613]]
[[Category:HR天體|4979]]
[[Category:SAO天體|204227]]
[[Category:HIP天體|064408]]
[[Category:格利泽和GJ天体|0501.2]]
[[Category:G型次巨星]]

HD 114613 - 版本历史

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