imported>Yumeto：使用DisamAssist清理消歧義連結：Go（改連結至Go語言；改連結至Go語言）。

2026-03-02T15:22:07Z

使用DisamAssist清理消歧義連結：Go（改連結至Go語言；改連結至Go語言）。

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{{NoteTA
|G1=IT
|G2=FL
|1 = zh-hans:首席执行官; zh-hant:執行長; zh-cn:首席执行官; zh-hk:行政總裁; zh-tw:執行長; zh-mo:行政總裁;
}}
{{Redirect2|极狐|同名的中国汽车品牌|极狐汽车}}
{{Infobox website
| name = GitLab
| logo = GitLab logo (2).svg
| screenshot = GitLab running 14.3.0-pre (2021-08).png
| url = {{Official URL}}
| commercial = 是
| type = [[Git]]仓库托管服务<br />[[DevOps]]平台<ref>{{cite web |title=GitLab 14 Delivers Modern DevOps in One Platform |url=https://www.devprojournal.com/news/gitlab-acquires-unreview-to-expand-its-open-devops-platform-with-machine-learning-capabilities-2/ |website=DevPro Journal |date=July 12, 2021 |access-date=2022-05-04 |archive-date=2022-01-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220130093829/https://www.devprojournal.com/news/gitlab-acquires-unreview-to-expand-its-open-devops-platform-with-machine-learning-capabilities-2/ }}</ref>
| registration = 可选
| language = [[英语]]
|traded_as={{Nasdaq|GTLB}}<ref>{{cite web |last=Sijbrandij |first=Sid |title=GitLab goes public on Nasdaq a $10 billion IPO |website=[[CNBC]] |url=https://www.cnbc.com/video/2021/10/14/gitlab-goes-public-on-nasdaq-a-10-billion-ipo.html |date=October 14, 2021 |access-date=2022-05-04 |archive-date=2022-01-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220125091608/https://www.cnbc.com/video/2021/10/14/gitlab-goes-public-on-nasdaq-a-10-billion-ipo.html }}</ref>| owner = GitLab Inc.
| alexa = {{increase}} 2,358 ({{as of|2018|06|05|alt=2018年6月}})<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.alexa.com/siteinfo/gitlab.com |title=GitLab.com Alexa Ranking |publisher=Alexa Internet |accessdate=2018-06-05 |archive-date=2021-02-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210202173142/https://www.alexa.com/siteinfo/gitlab.com |dead-url=no }}</ref>
| key_people = {{plainlist|
* Sid Sijbrandij ([[首席执行官|CEO]])
* Dmitriy Zaporozhets ([[首席技术官|CTO]])
}}
| founder = {{plainlist|
* Sid Sijbrandij
* Dmitriy Zaporozhets
* Valery Sizov
}}
| num_employees = 1,765<ref>{{cite web|url=https://about.gitlab.com/team/|title=GitLab Team|accessdate=2022-05-04|archive-date=2018-11-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181125235006/https://about.gitlab.com/team/|dead-url=no}}</ref>（{{as of|2022|04}}）
| area_served = {{World}}
| industry = [[软件]]行业
|revenue={{Increase}} 1.522億[[美元]] (2021年)<ref name="Pendleton">{{cite web |last=Pendleton |first=Devon |title=CEO Who Built GitLab Fully Remote Worth $2.8 Billion on IPO |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2021-10-14/radical-transparency-pays-off-for-gitlab-ceo-worth-2-billion |website=[[Bloomberg.com]] |date=October 14, 2021 |access-date=2022-05-04 |archive-date=2022-02-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220208121929/https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2021-10-14/radical-transparency-pays-off-for-gitlab-ceo-worth-2-billion }}</ref>| programming_language = [[Ruby]]、[[Go語言|Go]]和[[Vue.js]]
| launch_date = {{start date and age|2011}}
| current_status = 在线
}}

{{Infobox software
| name = GitLab Application
| screenshot =
| caption =
| operating system = [[跨平台]]
| platform = [[x86-64]]和[[ARM|ARMhf]]
| programming language = [[Ruby]]、[[Go語言|Go]]和[[JavaScript]]
| license = [[MIT許可證]] (社群版)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab-ce/blob/master/LICENSE|title=GitLab Community Edition LICENSE file|accessdate=2018-01-31|archive-date=2019-07-02|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190702034129/https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab-ce/blob/master/LICENSE|dead-url=no}}</ref>/[[商业软件|商业许可]] (商業版)
| repo = {{URL|https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab}}
| website = '''商業版'''（包括專有元件）：[https://about.gitlab.com/ about.gitlab.com]<br />'''社群版'''（不含專有元件）：[https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab]
}}

'''GitLab'''是由GitLab公司开发的、基于[[Git]]的集成软件开发平台。<ref>{{Cite web|title=User Docs {{!}} GitLab|url=https://docs.gitlab.com/ee/user/index.html|accessdate=2020-03-27|work=docs.gitlab.com|archive-date=2020-11-30|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201130174859/https://docs.gitlab.com/ee/user/index.html|dead-url=no}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Git {{!}} GitLab|url=https://docs.gitlab.com/ee/topics/git/index.html|accessdate=2020-03-27|work=docs.gitlab.com|archive-date=2020-04-02|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200402172101/https://docs.gitlab.com/ee/topics/git/index.html|dead-url=no}}</ref>另外，GitLab且具有[[wiki]]以及在线编辑、[[事务跟踪管理系统|issue跟踪]]功能、CI/CD等功能。在2018年，GitLab被認為是一家部份是烏克蘭的[[独角兽企业]]。<ref>{{cite web |date=2018-10-30 |title=GitLab, founded by a Ukrainian citizen, raised $100 million. It became a unicorn valued at $ 1.1 billion |url=https://ain.ua/en/2018/10/30/gitlab-became-a-unicorn |access-date=2019-09-27 |website=AIN.UA |language=en-US |archive-date=2021-06-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210628202334/https://ain.ua/en/2018/10/30/gitlab-became-a-unicorn/ |dead-url=no }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2018-11-30 |title=Dmytro Zaporozhets, GitLab: "I believe that GitLab can be called a Ukrainian startup" |url=https://ain.ua/en/2018/11/30/dmitry-zaporozhets-gitlab |access-date=2019-09-27 |website=AIN.UA |language=en-US |archive-date=2022-02-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220221155101/https://ain.ua/en/2018/11/30/dmitry-zaporozhets-gitlab/ |dead-url=no }}</ref>

== CI/CD ==
GitLab CI/CD是GitLab内置的一款工具，用于通过持续方法论（continuous methodologies）的软件开发。该持续方法论包含三个部分：[[持续集成]]、[[持續交付|持续交付]]、[[持續部署|持续部署]]。<ref>{{Cite web|title=GitLab CI/CD {{!}} GitLab|url=https://docs.gitlab.com/ee/ci/README.html|accessdate=2020-03-25|work=docs.gitlab.com|archive-date=2020-12-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201210193738/https://docs.gitlab.com/ee/ci/README.html|dead-url=no}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Introduction to CI/CD with GitLab {{!}} GitLab|url=https://docs.gitlab.com/ee/ci/introduction/index.html|accessdate=2020-03-27|work=docs.gitlab.com|archive-date=2020-11-28|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201128163747/https://docs.gitlab.com/ee/ci/introduction/index.html|dead-url=no}}</ref>

* [[持续集成]]（Continuous Integration，简称CI），每次在上传代码块到基于Git仓库时，[[持续集成]] 会运行脚本去构建、测试、校验代码，这些操作是在合并到默认分支之前进行的。
* [[持續交付|持续交付]]（Continuous Delivery，简称CD），在持续集成之后（即合并到默认分支之后），[[持續交付|持续交付]] 将进行手动部署应用。
* [[持續部署|持续部署]]（Continuous Deployment，简称CD），在持续集成之后（即合并到默认分支之后），[[持續交付|持续部署]] 将进行自动部署应用。

=== 原理 ===
当开发者配置了GitLab CI/CD，那么当开发者使用[[Git]]提交（commit），那么就会触发CI/CD相关的一系列操作。这一系列操作由[[GitLab#GitLab Runner|GitLab Runner]]执行，相关配置记载于<code>.gitlab-ci.yml</code>文件中，执行的结果将在GitLab页面中展示。<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|title=A beginner's guide to continuous integration|url=https://about.gitlab.com/blog/2018/01/22/a-beginners-guide-to-continuous-integration/|accessdate=2020-03-27|work=GitLab|language=en|archive-date=2021-01-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210110110133/https://about.gitlab.com/blog/2018/01/22/a-beginners-guide-to-continuous-integration/|dead-url=no}}</ref> 每一次的提交（commit）将会触发一条流水线（pipeline），流水线是不同阶段（Stage）的任务（Job）的一个集合。<ref name=":1" /> 阶段（Stage）用于逻辑切割，同一阶段的任务以并行方式执行，阶段间是顺序执行，上一个阶段执行失败，下一个阶段将不会执行。<ref>{{Cite web|title=stages|url=https://docs.gitlab.com/ee/ci/yaml/#stages|accessdate=2020-03-27|author=|date=|format=|work=docs.gitlab.com|publisher=|language=|archive-date=2021-01-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210129154259/https://docs.gitlab.com/ee/ci/yaml/#stages|dead-url=no}}</ref> <code>.pre</code> 为第一阶段（译为：之前）和 <code>.post</code> 最后阶段（译为：提交时），这两个阶段不需要被定义，也无法被修改。<ref>{{Cite web|title=pre-and-post|url=https://docs.gitlab.com/ee/ci/yaml/#pre-and-post|accessdate=2020-03-27|author=|date=|format=|work=docs.gitlab.com|publisher=|language=|archive-date=2021-01-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210129154259/https://docs.gitlab.com/ee/ci/yaml/#pre-and-post|dead-url=no}}</ref>

示例如下：<syntaxhighlight>
stages:
- build
- test
- deploy

job 0:
stage: .pre
script: make something useful before build stage

job 1:
stage: build
script: make build dependencies

job 2:
stage: build
script: make build artifacts

job 3:
stage: test
script: make test

job 4:
stage: deploy
script: make deploy

job 5:
stage: .post
script: make something useful at the end of pipeline
</syntaxhighlight>任务（Job）可以构建[[Artifact (计算机)|Artifacts]] ，提供用户下载。<ref name=":1" /> 利用场景如下：在Android项目中，当配置了自动化构建[[Artifact (计算机)|Artifacts]]后，每次提交（push）代码后，GitLab CI/CD 将自动构建 [[APK]]文件，并在GitLab的页面上提供下载按钮。

任务（Job）可以自动部署文件到外部服务器，并通过 GitLab 页面查看该服务器现今部署的状态，以及进行重新部署（re-deploy）等操作。通过使用设定 <code>environment</code> 的 <code>name</code> 和 <code>url</code> ，还可以在GitLab页面上直接查看网站。<ref>{{Cite web|title=A beginner's guide to continuous integration|url=https://about.gitlab.com/blog/2018/01/22/a-beginners-guide-to-continuous-integration/|accessdate=2020-03-27|work=GitLab|language=en|archive-date=2021-01-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210110110133/https://about.gitlab.com/blog/2018/01/22/a-beginners-guide-to-continuous-integration/|dead-url=no}}</ref><ref name=":2">{{Cite web|title=Environments and deployments {{!}} GitLab|url=https://docs.gitlab.com/ee/ci/environments.html|accessdate=2020-03-27|work=docs.gitlab.com|archive-date=2020-11-24|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201124043636/https://docs.gitlab.com/ee/ci/environments.html|dead-url=no}}</ref> 通过该操作可以达到 [[持續部署|持续部署]] 的目的。<ref name=":2" /><syntaxhighlight lang="yaml">
deploy_staging:
stage: deploy
script:
- echo "Deploy to staging server"
environment:
name: staging
url: http://172.23.0.2:5000/
only:
- master
tags:
- Runner名称
</syntaxhighlight>

=== GitLab Runner ===
GitLab Runner 是一项开源项目，用于执行任务（Job），并将执行结果传输回GitLab。<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=GitLab Runner Docs {{!}} GitLab|url=https://docs.gitlab.com/runner/|accessdate=2020-03-22|work=docs.gitlab.com|archive-date=2021-02-02|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210202090413/https://docs.gitlab.com/runner/|dead-url=no}}</ref>

Runner 可安装在[[操作系统]]，也可以通过[[Docker]]的方式安装。当 Runner 安装后，需要将其注册在 GitLab 中，方可使用。Runner 有若干种执executor可供使用，如：[[Docker]]、[[Shell]]、[[SSH]]。<ref name=":0" /> Runner 默认使用[[殼層|Shell]]，Shell模式下，所有构建都会发生在Runner安装的机器中，操作十分简单，但是缺点很多。<ref>{{Cite web|title=Executors {{!}} GitLab|url=https://docs.gitlab.com/runner/executors/README.html|accessdate=2020-03-24|work=docs.gitlab.com|archive-date=2021-01-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210110100423/https://docs.gitlab.com/runner/executors/README.html|dead-url=no}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Shell {{!}} GitLab|url=https://docs.gitlab.com/runner/executors/shell.html|accessdate=2020-03-24|work=docs.gitlab.com|archive-date=2021-01-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210110110640/https://docs.gitlab.com/runner/executors/shell.html|dead-url=no}}</ref>

<code>.gitlab-ci.ym</code> 文件中通过 <code>tags</code> 关键词选择Runner。<ref>{{Cite web|title=GitLab CI/CD Pipeline Configuration Reference {{!}} GitLab|url=https://docs.gitlab.com/ee/ci/yaml/README.html|accessdate=2020-03-26|work=docs.gitlab.com|archive-date=2021-01-31|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210131035034/https://docs.gitlab.com/ee/ci/yaml/README.html|dead-url=no}}</ref>Runner 的相关配置在 <code>config.toml</code> 文件中记载。<ref>{{Cite web|title=Advanced configuration {{!}} GitLab|url=https://docs.gitlab.com/runner/configuration/advanced-configuration.html|accessdate=2020-03-26|work=docs.gitlab.com|archive-date=2021-02-02|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210202090407/https://docs.gitlab.com/runner/configuration/advanced-configuration.html|dead-url=no}}</ref>

=== 与Docker整合 ===
对基于[[Docker]]的项目进行构建和测试，有几种方式。一种方式是，使用shell executor进行Docker CLI命令操作。另一种方式就是使用Docker executor进行操作，它是官方推荐的操作，executor通过在Docker中使用“Docker-in-Docker”镜像进行Job相关操作。<ref>{{Cite web|title=Building Docker images with GitLab CI/CD {{!}} GitLab|url=https://docs.gitlab.com/ee/ci/docker/using_docker_build.html#use-docker-in-docker-workflow-with-docker-executor|accessdate=2020-03-26|work=docs.gitlab.com|archive-date=2021-02-02|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210202191446/https://docs.gitlab.com/ee/ci/docker/using_docker_build.html#use-docker-in-docker-workflow-with-docker-executor|dead-url=no}}</ref>

== 事件 ==
GitLab于2017年1月31日發佈一系列緊急通告稱，位於[[荷蘭]]的系統管理員因操作失誤而刪除了包含310GB產品資料的資料夾，在取消刪除操作後僅剩下4.5GB。运维人员之后检查发现，网站宣称和配备的多项备份措施均未正常运作或难以利用。GitLab在YouTube直播了恢復資料的過程<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nc0hPGerSd4 |title=Working on restoring GitLab.com. FAQ below. |accessdate=2017-02-02 |archive-date=2020-10-31 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201031063438/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nc0hPGerSd4 |dead-url=no }}</ref>。网站最终丢失了最后 6 小时的数据库数据（包括问题、合并请求、评论、片段等，不含代码库）<ref>{{cite web|title=GitLab.com Database Incident|url=https://about.gitlab.com/2017/02/01/gitlab-dot-com-database-incident/|website=GitLab|accessdate=2017-02-10|date=2017-02-01|archive-date=2019-09-09|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190909175333/https://about.gitlab.com/2017/02/01/gitlab-dot-com-database-incident/|dead-url=no}}</ref>。

2024年11月，一Gitlab公司员工杨州实名举报，公司CEO柳钢和副总裁何庆隐瞒美国身份，与中国中科院投资的国家重点企业中科星图开展合作，涉嫌危害中国国家安全，视频中提及中科星图为美国实体清单中禁止合作的单位，违反相关规定可能会被处以30万美元的罚款，但是双方合作的金额仅10万人民币，且需要中科星图对Gitlab开放相关航天数据和资料，引起网友热议。<ref>{{Cite web |title=网传极狐gitlab渗透中科星图 #软件开发 #互联网 |url=https://www.douyin.com/video/7443069586590747904 |website=douyin |date=2024-11-30 |language=cn |access-date=2024-12-26 |archive-date=2024-12-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241226090835/https://www.douyin.com/video/7443069586590747904 |dead-url=no }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=这下闹大了！极狐员工举报高管是美国人，隐瞒身份渗透国家部门！ |url=https://www.163.com/dy/article/JI9V8FVG05568YEK.html |website=www.163.com |date=2024-12-01 |last=网易 |access-date=2024-12-26 |archive-date=2024-12-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241226090835/https://www.163.com/dy/article/JI9V8FVG05568YEK.html |dead-url=no }}</ref>

2024年12月，GitLab向用户通知不再为中国大陆、香港、澳门的用户提供服务，用户必须在60日内迁移到本地公司「极狐」。<ref>{{cite web |title=GitLab将在60日内删除国内及港澳账户开发者必须迁移到极狐避免项目数据被删 |url=https://www.landiannews.com/archives/107209.html |website=蓝点网 |accessdate=2024-12-23 |language=zh-CN |date=2024-12-23 |archive-date=2025-01-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250118103928/https://www.landiannews.com/archives/107209.html |dead-url=no }}</ref>

== 参考文献 ==
{{Reflist|30em}}

== 外部連結 ==
* {{Official website}}
* [https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab GitLab社区版的原始碼] {{Wayback|url=https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab-ce/ |date=20201217003000 }}

{{缺陷跟蹤管理系統}}

[[Category:缺陷和问题跟踪软件]]
[[Category:项目托管网站]]
[[Category:版本控制]]
[[Category:协作项目]]
[[Category:社群網站]]
[[Category:自由跨平台軟體]]
[[Category:用Ruby编程的自由软件]]
[[Category:使用MIT许可证的软件]]

GitLab - 版本历史

imported>Yumeto：​使用DisamAssist清理消歧義連結：Go（改連結至Go語言；改連結至Go語言）。

imported>Yumeto：使用DisamAssist清理消歧義連結：Go（改連結至Go語言；改連結至Go語言）。