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GRB 080916C - 版本历史
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<p><b>新页面</b></p><div>{{Infobox astronomical event<br />
| ra = {{RA|07|59|23.24}}<br />
| dec = {{DEC|-56|38|16.8}}<br />
| energy = 8.8{{e|54}} [[erg]]s<br />
}}<br />
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'''GRB 080916C'''是由[[美國國家航空暨太空總署]]的[[費米伽馬射線太空望遠鏡]]於2008年9月16日紀錄到，在[[船底座]]探測到的一次[[伽馬射線暴]]（GRB）。直到2022年記錄到[[GRB 221009A]]之前，這是有記錄以來最强大的伽馬射線爆發。如果發射是各向同性發射的，那麼這次爆炸的能量約為9,000[[Ia型超新星]]，而發射初始伽馬射線的氣體噴流以最小約299,792,158[[米每秒|m/s]]（99.9999%的[[光速]]）的速度移動，使這次爆炸成為有記錄以來最極端的爆炸之一<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Abdo |first=A. A. |last2=Ackermann |first2=M. |last3=Arimoto |first3=M. |last4=Asano |first4=K. |last5=Atwood |first5=W. B. |last6=Axelsson |first6=M. |last7=Baldini |first7=L. |last8=Ballet |first8=J. |last9=Band |first9=D. L. |last10=Barbiellini |first10=G. |last11=Baring |first11=M. G. |last12=Bastieri |first12=D. |last13=Battelino |first13=M. |last14=Baughman |first14=B. M. |last15=Bechtol |first15=K. |date=2009-03-27 |title=Fermi Observations of High-Energy Gamma-Ray Emission from GRB 080916C |url=https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.1169101 |journal=Science |language=en |volume=323 |issue=5922 |pages=1688–1693 |doi=10.1126/science.1169101 |issn=0036-8075|doi-access=free }}</ref><ref name="scidaily">[https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2009/02/090219141458.htm Most Extreme Gamma-ray Blast Ever, Seen By Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope] {{Wayback|url=https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2009/02/090219141458.htm |date=20171017201514 }}, [[Science Daily]], February 19, 2009</ref><ref name="AFP">[https://web.archive.org/web/20090222072240/http://news.yahoo.com/s/afp/20090219/sc_afp/sciencespaceastronomy Huge gamma-ray blast spotted 12.2 bln light-years from earth], [[Agence France-Presse|AFP]], February 19, 2009</ref>。<br />
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在這次爆發中觀測到的最高能量伽馬射線的16.5秒延遲與[[量子引力]]的一些理論一致，這些理論認為所有形式的光可能不會以相同的速度穿過太空。高能伽馬射線在[[時空]]的{{link-en|量子湍流|Quantum turbulence}}中傳播時可能會减慢速度<ref name="Sky&Telescope">[http://www.skyandtelescope.com/news/39867717.html Most Powerful Gamma-Ray Burst May Point to New Physics] {{Wayback|url=http://www.skyandtelescope.com/news/39867717.html |date=20120504131228 }}, [[Sky and Telescope]], February 19, 2009</ref><ref name="ScienceNews">[http://www.sciencenews.org/view/generic/id/41077/title/New_window_on_the_high-energy_universe New telescope finds strange behavior in gamma-ray bursts, and also documents the most energetic burst known] {{Wayback|url=http://www.sciencenews.org/view/generic/id/41077/title/New_window_on_the_high-energy_universe |date=20110629171655 }}, [[Science News]], February 20, 2009</ref>。<br />
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爆炸發生在122億[[光年]]（[[距離測量 (宇宙學)#光行距|光傳播距離]]）外。這意味著它發生在122億年前，當時宇宙只有大約15億年的歷史。這次爆發持續了23分鐘，幾乎是高能GRB平均兩秒的700倍<ref>{{Cite web |date=2009-02-18 |title=A Fireball at the edge of the Universe |url=https://irfu.cea.fr/dap/en/Phocea/Vie_des_labos/Ast/ast.php?t=fait_marquant&id_ast=2590 |access-date=2023-09-29 |website=irfu.cea.fr |language=en |archive-date=2024-01-29 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240129172724/https://irfu.cea.fr/dap/en/Phocea/Vie_des_labos/Ast/ast.php?t=fait_marquant&id_ast=2590 |dead-url=no }}</ref>。 在爆炸發生32小時後，使用[[歐洲南方天文台]]位於[[智利]] 2.2米的[[拉西拉天文台|拉西拉]]望遠鏡上的[[伽馬射線爆發光學/近紅外探測器]]（GROND）進行了後續觀測，使天文學家能够將爆炸的距離精準確定為122億光年<ref name="AstronomyNow">[http://www.astronomynow.com/090220fermisrecordbreakinggrb.html Fermi’s record breaking gamma-ray burst] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171021094409/http://www.astronomynow.com/090220fermisrecordbreakinggrb.html |date=2017-10-21 }}, [[Astronomy Now]], February 20, 2009</ref>。該物體的紅移為z＝4.35{{cn|date=June 2022}}。<br />
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如果GRB 080916C的所有能量都能以100%的效率被捕獲並轉化為可用電力，它將產生足够的電力，為整個地球提供1,350萬年的電力（根據2008年的電力消耗量）{{cn|date=June 2022}}。<br />
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== 相關條目 ==<br />
* [[GRB 080319B]]<br />
* [[GRB 160625B]]：一個5×10<sup>54</sup>爾格的伽馬射線暴<br />
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== 參考資料 ==<br />
{{reflist}}<br />
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== 外部連結 ==<br />
* [http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/sci/tech/7901295.stm Telescope spies cataclysmic blast], [[BBC News]], February 20, 2009<br />
* [http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/GLAST/news/high_grb.html NASA's Fermi Telescope Sees Most Extreme Gamma-ray Blast Yet], [[NASA]], February 19, 2009<br />
* [http://www.newswise.com/articles/view/549295/?sc=rssn Record Cosmic Explosion Brightens Student's First Day], [[Newswise]], February 19, 2009<br />
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{{船底座恆星|state=collapsed}}<br />
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{{DEFAULTSORT:GRB 080916C}}<br />
[[Category:長時間伽馬射線暴|080916C]]<br />
[[Category:2008年發現的天體|20080916]]<br />
[[Category:2008年9月]]<br />
[[Category:船底座]]</div>
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