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{{noteTA
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|1=zh:文件; zh-hans:文件; zh-hant:檔案;
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{{Infobox software
| name = GNU Classpath
| logo = GNU Classpath badge.png
| logo size = 180px
| screenshot = GC SwingDemo.png
| screenshot size = 300px
| caption = GNU Classpath [[Swing (Java)|Swing]]的演示
| developer = [[GNU Project]]
| collapsible = yes
| latest release version = 0.99<ref>{{cite web | url= http://blog.fuseyism.com/index.php/2012/03/16/gnu-classpath-0-99-released/ | title= GNU Classpath 0.99 Released! | first= Andrew John | last= Hughes | date= 2012-03-16 | type= [[World Wide Web]] log | publisher= Fuseyism | access-date= 2012-03-20 | archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20121214141527/http://blog.fuseyism.com/index.php/2012/03/16/gnu-classpath-0-99-released/ | archive-date= 2012-12-14 | dead-url= no }}</ref>
| latest release date = {{Start date and age|2012|03|16}}
| latest preview version =
| latest preview date =
| operating system = [[跨平台的]]
| programming language = [[C语言]] 和 [[Java]]
| genre = [[动态库|库]]
| license = [[LGPL]]
| website = {{url|http://www.classpath.org}}
}}
'''GNU Classpath'''是Java标准库的一个[[自由软件]]实现。它实现了J2SE 1.4和5.0规定的大部分类。因此，Classpath可以用来运行基于Java的应用程序。GNU Classpath是GNU项目的一部分。由于许可证不兼容，它最初是与libgcj并行开发的，但后来这两个项目合并了。

GNU Classpath 被自由软件基金会视为高优先级项目。当Classpath项目开始时，Sun Microsystems公司的官方Java实现的许可证不允许对其Java实现进行任何改动。自Classpath项目开始后，[[OpenJDK]]开始在GPL下发布，并成为Java平台的官方开源[[参考实现]]。

== 许可证 ==

GNU Classpath采用[[GNU宽通用公共许可证]]v2（即LGPL v2协议）。

== 用处 ==
GNU Classpath被许多自由的Java实现（如[[Kaffe]]、[[SableVM]]、[[JamVM]]、[[Jikes RVM]]和[[VMKit]]）所使用，因为任何一个功能完备的[[JVM]]都必须提供一个标准的Java类库实现。

其他的一些用途<ref>{{Cite web|title=GNU Classpath - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation (FSF)|url=https://www.gnu.org/software/classpath/home.html|accessdate=2020-08-20|work=www.gnu.org|archive-date=2020-03-14|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200314154226/http://www.gnu.org/software/classpath/home.html|dead-url=no}}</ref>：

* [[GCJ]]，它能够将Java代码编译成独立的可执行文件。
* [[GCJAppletViewer]]，用于在本地的浏览器不支持时从命令行使用[[Java Applet]]。
* [[IKVM.NET]]，它将Java与[[.NET框架]]整合在一起。
* [[JNode]]，一个只使用[[Java]]和[[汇编语言]]编写的操作系统。
* 用于集群分布式计算的虚拟机。
* {{Le|IcedTea|}}使用GNU Classpath在OpenJDK中的Blobs被上游被取代之前作为的替代品。

== 历史 ==
GNU Classpath的开发始于1998年。在历史上，它曾多次与其他有类似目的的项目（如[[Kaffe]]、[[GCJ|libgcj]]）合并。过去，GNU Classpath使用[[Japhar]]虚拟机，但由于用于储存Japhar项目所在网站数据的两张磁盘丢失<ref>{{Cite web|title=Hungry News|url=http://www.hungry.com/old-hungry/news/|accessdate=2020-08-15|work=www.hungry.com|archive-date=2020-08-15|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200815142642/http://www.hungry.com/old-hungry/news/|dead-url=no}}</ref>，该项目现在事实上已停止更新（最后版本为v0.05，于1998年6月22日发布）<ref>{{Cite web|title=Japhar - The Hungry Java Runtime|url=http://www.hungry.com/old-hungry/products/japhar|accessdate=2020-08-15|work=www.hungry.com|archive-date=2020-08-15|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200815142733/http://www.hungry.com/old-hungry/products/japhar/|dead-url=no}}</ref>，且GNU Classpath也已不兼容该虚拟机<ref>{{Cite web|title=GNU Classpath Success Stories - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation (FSF)|url=https://www.gnu.org/software/classpath/stories.html|accessdate=2020-08-15|work=www.gnu.org|archive-date=2020-09-15|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200915120144/http://www.gnu.org/software/classpath/stories.html|dead-url=no}}</ref>。

在实现了大部分的Java 1.4官方API之后，项目的工作变得更多的是为了解决bug，而不是为了覆盖大多数Java API。2006年10月24日，最后一个缺失的Java1.4类 [https://web.archive.org/web/20090715130332/http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.4.2/docs/api/javax/swing/text/html/HTMLWriter.html HTMLWriter]的实现被提交<ref name="x">{{Cite web|title=classpath.git - classpath|url=https://git.savannah.gnu.org/cgit/classpath.git|accessdate=2020-08-18|work=git.savannah.gnu.org|archive-date=2019-09-26|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190926232440/http://git.savannah.gnu.org/cgit/classpath.git|dead-url=no}}</ref>。


== VM类 ==
GNU Classpath包含来自官方Java API命名空间的类。必要时，某些调用由“VM”类来完成。这种VM类的名称与本地类的名称相匹配，但在名称前加'''VM''前缀。如VMObject、VMString等等。VM类与其他代码分开存储，包含私有类和final。这些类的方法包含关键字''native''，表示需配合的本地库。这类库由Java虚拟机的作者提供，因此GNU Classpath几乎可以连接到任何Java虚拟机。<ref name="x" />

== 对Java1.5新特性的支持 ==
在0.95版本之前，每个GNU Classpath发行版都由两个独立的压缩包组成；其中一个是稳定分支；另一个是开发分支，包含开发中的新功能，并支持Java 1.5中的新增内容，如泛型、枚举和注译。<ref name="generics-release">{{Citation | url = https://www.gnu.org/software/classpath/announce/20051102.html | series = Software | title = The GNU Project | contribution = GNU Classpath "95% and counting" 0.19 released | publisher = The Free Software Foundation | type = announcement | date = 2005-11-02 | accessdate = 31 May 2011 | archive-date = 2020-01-22 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20200122085817/http://www.gnu.org/software/classpath/announce/20051102.html | dead-url = no }}.</ref>

从0.95开始<ref name="release">{{Citation | url = https://www.gnu.org/software/classpath/announce/20090205.html | series = Software | title = The GNU Project | contribution = The release of GNU Classpath 0.98 "Better Late Than Never | publisher = The Free Software Foundation | type = announcement | date = 2009-02-05 | accessdate = 2020-08-27 | archive-date = 2020-03-14 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20200314155015/http://www.gnu.org/software/classpath/announce/20090205.html | dead-url = no }}.</ref>，Java1.5的新功能合并到了稳定分支中。

== 另见 ==
*[[Apache Harmony]]
*[[GCJ]]
*[[IKVM.NET]]
*[[JamVM]]
*[[JamaicaVM]]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20080316045633/http://www.oberon.ethz.ch/jaos/ Jaos]
*[[JikesRVM]]
*[[Kaffe]]
*[[IcedTea]]
*[[自由Java实现]]
*[[Java库]]

==参考链接==
{{Reflist |32em}}

==外部链接==
* [https://www.gnu.org/software/classpath 官方网址]{{Wayback|url=https://www.gnu.org/software/classpath |date=20200917170025 }}
* {{Citation | url = http://developer.classpath.org/doc/ | contribution = Automatically generated documentation, including source code | title = Classpath | accessdate = 2020-08-27 | archive-date = 2020-05-05 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20200505002451/http://developer.classpath.org/doc/ | dead-url = no }}.
* {{Citation | url = http://builder.classpath.org/ | title = Classpath | contribution = Builder | accessdate = 2020-08-27 | archive-date = 2013-05-02 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20130502200707/http://builder.classpath.org/ | dead-url = no }}: test runs and binary compatibility tests
* {{Citation | url = https://lwn.net/Articles/184967/ | date = May 2006 | type = article | author = A GNU Classpath developer | title = The state of free java project collaborations | newspaper = GNU/Linux weekly news | accessdate = 2020-08-27 | archive-date = 2020-09-18 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20200918071102/https://lwn.net/Articles/184967/ | dead-url = no }}.
* {{Citation |url=http://public.smi.ethz.ch/blog/2006/01/25/permeable-development/ |title=SMI |type=[[World Wide Web]] log |date=2006-01-25 |contribution=Permeable Development |publisher=ETHZ |place=[[Switzerland|CH]] |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20060720171116/http://public.smi.ethz.ch/blog/2006/01/25/permeable-development/ |archivedate=2006-07-20 |accessdate=2020-08-27 |dead-url=yes }}.

{{Java (Sun)}}
{{GNU}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Gnu Classpath}}

[[Category:Java函式庫]]
[[Category:GNU计划软件]]
[[Category:Java平台]]

GNU Classpath - 版本历史

imported>InternetArchiveBot：​补救15个来源，并将0个来源标记为失效。) #IABot (v2.0.8

imported>InternetArchiveBot：补救15个来源，并将0个来源标记为失效。) #IABot (v2.0.8