imported>Akishima Yuka：Akishima Yuka移动页面戏剧百科全书至Encyclopedia Dramatica，覆盖重定向：恢复

2024-12-14T03:32:33Z

Akishima Yuka移动页面戏剧百科全书至Encyclopedia Dramatica，覆盖重定向：恢复

新页面

{{expand language|1=en|page=|time=2019-08-26T18:55:14+00:00}}
{{update|time=2019-08-26T18:55:14+00:00}}
{{Infobox website
| name = Encyclopedia Dramatica
| logo = Encyclopedia Dramatica (logo).svg
| logo_size = 160px
| screenshot = 
| collapsible = 
| caption = 
| commercial = 是
| type = [[Wiki]]、恶搞网站
| registration = 可选（编辑需注册）
| language = [[英语]]
| owner =
| author = Sherrod DeGrippo<ref name="ed:about">{{cite encyclopedia |url=https://edpublic.rockenhaus.com/ED:About |title=About Encyclopedia Dramatica |encyclopedia=Encyclopedia Dramatica |language=en-us|access-date=2018-01-05|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180106065038/https://edpublic.rockenhaus.com/ED:About |archive-date=2018-01-06|deadurl=yes|quote=Encyclopædia Dramatica was created December 8-10th 2004 while girlvinyl was impatiently awaiting the delivery of her new [[iBook|ibook]] {{sic}}}}</ref> 和 Andrew Auernheimer<ref name="JNS">{{cite news|language=en-us|date=2020-06-08|title=New evidence links white supremacist 'Zoombomber' to man wanted in Australia|work=Jewish News Syndicate|url=https://www.jns.org/australia-commission-aims-to-ban-white-supremacist-who-disrupted-teen-webinar/|quote=New evidence uncovered by the Canary Mission, an anti-Semitism watchdog site, has revealed that Auernhaimer has another pseudonym, “Joseph Evers,” who was listed as the owner and creator of a racist website and Wikipedia parody site called Encyclopedia Dramatica created in 2010. Since 2010, Evers has been wanted by Australia’s Human Rights Commission for violating the country’s Racial Discrimination Act in connection to his creation of the racist website.|accessdate=2021-08-18|archive-date=2022-04-07|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220407120500/https://www.jns.org/australia-commission-aims-to-ban-white-supremacist-who-disrupted-teen-webinar/}}</ref><br />
| launch_date = {{wikidata|property|references|edit|P571}}
| revenue = [[广告]]和捐赠
| alexa = 
| current_status = 线上
}}
'''Encyclopedia Dramatica'''（或简称为'''ED'''）是一个以[[戏仿]]恶搞为主题的基于[[MediaWiki]]的网站，于2004年12月10日上线。网站的内容以[[模仿]]讽刺百科话题和热点事件为主，尤其是与现代网络文化相关的事件。网站推崇具有破坏性的“钓鱼文化”，并且记录[[网络迷因]]、文化和事件，如恶毒的恶作剧，[[网络霸凌]]、反对互联网[[自我审查]]以及互联网安全漏洞等。

2011年4月14日，网站的原[[网址]]被重定向到了一个叫做“Oh Internet”的网站，而这个网站和Encyclopedia Dramatica几乎没有相似之处，这一现象在Encyclopedia Dramatica的编辑者[[社群]]里引起了不小的轰动。当天晚上，“Oh Internet”的[[Facebook]]主页上到处都充斥着Encyclopedia Dramatica的浏览者的仇恨言论<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.geekosystem.com/encyclopedia-dramatica-ohinternet/|title="Encyclopedia Dramatica Becomes OhInternet"|date=2011-04-15|language=en|accessdate=2019-04-09|archive-date=2011-04-17|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110417011425/http://www.geekosystem.com/encyclopedia-dramatica-ohinternet/|dead-url=yes}}</ref>，Web Ecology Project不得不为Encyclopedia Dramatica制作了一份可下载的网站备份<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.webecologyproject.org/2011/04/archiving-internet-subculture-encyclopedia-dramatica/|title=Archiving Internet Subculture: Encyclopedia Dramatica|date=2011-04-15|accessdate=2019-04-09|archive-date=2011-10-20|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111020124102/http://www.webecologyproject.org/2011/04/archiving-internet-subculture-encyclopedia-dramatica/|dead-url=no}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=cbWNirl8gsMC&pg=PT155|title=Epic Win for Anonymous: How 4chan's Army Conquered the Web|language=en|accessdate=2019-04-09|archive-date=2019-07-26|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190726060630/https://books.google.com/books?id=cbWNirl8gsMC&pg=PT155|dead-url=no}}</ref>，在Encyclopedia Dramatica启用现在的域名前，有无数的粉丝为其制作了[[Torrent]]种子和[[镜像网站]]。

== 网站历史 ==
=== 起源 ===
{{Citation needed|Encyclopedia Dramatica在2004年由网名为“Girlvinyl”的网友“Sherrod DeGrippo”建立，Sherrod DeGrippo于2000年找到了[[LiveJournal]]社区，并且很快就成为了社区内其他成员的楷模。|time=2020-07-08T16:30:22+00:00}}对于建立Encyclopedia Dramatica的原因，她解释说：
{{Cquote|人与人之间有相互吸引的潜力，而且是双向的，偷窥狂和[[暴露狂]]可以用一种正常的方式互动，这就是我为什么建立ED，因为这实在是太疯狂太迷人了}}
她加入了LiveJournal上的一个[[八卦]]社区，在社区被[[LiveJournal]]封禁之后，社区内的成员建立了自己的网站。2002年，原LiveJournal的两名用户Joshua Williams和Andrewpants开始密切协作互助对方，但两人的关系很快以破裂告终，之后Williams的恶搞照片开始在网络上四处流传。而Williams则认为这是[[骚扰]]行为，为了向LiveJournal的运营团队报告这个行为，他来到[[俄勒冈州]]的[[波特兰]]市，把所谓的骚扰信息提供给了当地的一家电视台<ref>{{cite web|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=cbWNirl8gsMC&pg=PT138|title=Epic Win for Anonymous: How 4chan's Army Conquered the Web|language=en|accessdate=2019-04-09|archive-date=2020-07-16|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200716205458/https://books.google.com/books?id=cbWNirl8gsMC&pg=PT138|dead-url=no}}</ref>。这一出闹剧当然也被ED记录在内，DeGrippo建立Encyclopedia Dramatica是为了收录“来自LiveJournal的信息和[[黑客]][[西奥·德·若特]]和Darren Reed之间的故事”。
=== Oh Internet ===
随着时间的推移，DeGrippo称她开始逐渐厌恶起了Encyclopedia Dramatica，她希望网站能够回归讨论LiveJournal上的闹剧的初衷。2011年4月14日，网站被重定向到由DeGrippo建立的新站“Oh Internet”，这个新站的内容与原本的ED完全没有任何关系，“Oh Internet”这个名字想要表达的意思是“哦，互联网，你实在是太疯狂了”（Oh, Internet, you are so crazy!）。DeGrippo的这一举动引起了ED用户的不满，这些用户自发组织攻击了“Oh Internet”网站以及该站的Facebook粉丝专页。Oh Internet从2013年起正式下线。

== 评价 ==
Jason Fortuny使用该百科公开了[[Craigslist]]上回复他广告的176人的照片，电子邮件和电话号码，广告里他假装自己是女性，想和有支配欲的男性约会。网站从此开始受主流媒体关注。
<ref name="neva">{{citation
|first = Neva
|last = Chonin
|title = Sex and the City
|url = http://www.sfgate.com/entertainment/article/Sex-and-the-City-2551618.php
|periodical = San Francisco Chronicle
|page = 20
|access-date = 2009-08-11
|date = 2006-09-17
|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20120918192604/http://www.sfgate.com/entertainment/article/Sex-and-the-City-2551618.php
|archive-date = 2012-09-18
|deadurl = no
}}.</ref><ref name="schwartz">{{cite news |last= Schwartz |first= Mattathias |title= Malwebolence |url= https://www.nytimes.com/2008/08/03/magazine/03trolls-t.html?pagewanted=all |work= The New York Times Magazine |date=2008-08-03 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20090418133749/http://www.nytimes.com/2008/08/03/magazine/03trolls-t.html?pagewanted=all |archive-date=2009-04-18|deadurl=no}}</ref> 一个托管在[[连线]]的博客提到了此事，并将ED百科称为「世界上最垃圾的wiki」<ref>{{cite news |publisher=Wired.com |url=https://www.wired.com/threatlevel/2006/09/craigslist/ |title=Craigslist |date=2006-09-08|access-date=2010-01-12|deadurl=yes|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100111042246/http://www.wired.com/threatlevel/2006/09/craigslist |archive-date=2010-01-11}}</ref>

2006年，一个「知名的网络[[洞穴巨人|巨魔]]」<ref name="schwartz" />给ED百科的创始人DeGrippo发邮件，要求自己条目（已被全保护）的编辑权限。DeGrippo拒绝了，于是他们为DeGrippo叫了的士，外卖披萨，{{link-en|三陪服务|Escort agency}}，还发送了死亡威胁，并威胁登门拜访他<ref name="schwartz" />
。
{{TransH}}
Encyclopedia Dramatica became a "favourite target for critics, who accuse Anonymous of propagating hate,"<ref name="davies">{{citation
|url = http://news.ninemsn.com.au/technology/459249/critics-point-finger-at-satirical-website
|title = Critics point finger at satirical website
|periodical = 9-News
|last = Davies
|first = Shaun
|access-date = 2009-08-11
|date = 2008-05-08
|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110605124923/http://news.ninemsn.com.au/technology/459249/critics-point-finger-at-satirical-website
|archive-date = 2011-06-05
|deadurl = yes
}}</ref> for allowing alleged members of the group to sometimes use the website as a [[Platformism|platform]]. Through this association, Encyclopedia Dramatica received incidental coverage when actions by members of Anonymous led to the arrest of an alleged pedophile,<ref>{{citation
|last = Kim
|first = Gus
|title = Anonymous operation leads to arrest of alleged pedophile
|url = https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rHohvluf3mc
|periodical = Global Television Network News
|date = 2007-07-12
|access-date = 2011-05-14
|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110222075802/http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rHohvluf3mc
|archive-date = 2011-02-22
|deadurl = no
}}.</ref> when they demonstrated against [[Scientology]] in London;<ref name="whipple">{{citation
| last = Whipple | first = Tom
| title = Scientology: the Anonymous protestors
| url = http://women.timesonline.co.uk/tol/life_and_style/women/the_way_we_live/article4173635.ece
| periodical = The Times
| access-date= May 14, 2011
| date = June 20, 2008
| location=London
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110615182345/http://women.timesonline.co.uk/tol/life_and_style/women/the_way_we_live/article4173635.ece
|archive-date=June 15, 2011 }}.</ref><ref>{{citation
|last = Lee
|first = Joe
|date = 2008-02-11
|title = Anonymous Protests Outside Scientology Sites
|url = http://londonist.com/2008/02/they_came_they.php
|periodical = Londonist
|access-date = 2008-08-25
|publisher = londonist.com
|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20080401054452/http://londonist.com/2008/02/they_came_they.php
|archive-date = 2008-04-01
|deadurl = no
}}.</ref> when a member of the group broke into the e-mail account of former [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]] vice-presidential nominee [[Sarah Palin]],<ref name="singel">{{citation
|last = Singel
|first = Ryan 
|date = September 19, 2008
|title = Palin Hacker Group's All-Time Greatest Hits
|url = https://www.wired.com/threatlevel/2008/09/palin-hacker-gr/
|magazine = Wired
|access-date = August 25, 2008
|publisher = blog.wired.com
|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20090502034437/http://www.wired.com/threatlevel/2008/09/palin-hacker-gr
|archive-date = May 2, 2009
|url-status = live
}}.</ref> and when a member of Anonymous claimed credit for an attack on the virtual ''[[Second Life]]'' headquarters of former presidential candidate [[John Edwards]].<ref name="cassel">{{citation
| last = Cabron | first = Lou
| date = March 8, 2007
| title = John Edwards' Virtual Attackers Unmasked
| url = http://www.alternet.org/blogs/peek/48989/
| periodical = AlterNet
| access-date = May 14, 2011
| publisher = alternet.org
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110629141202/http://www.alternet.org/blogs/peek/48989/
| archive-date = June 29, 2011}}.</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.10zenmonkeys.com/2007/03/05/john-edwards-virtual-attackers-unmasked/ |title=John Edwards' Virtual Attackers Unmasked |first=Lou |last=Cabron |date=March 5, 2007 |publisher=10 Zen Monkeys |access-date=November 10, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111120050942/http://www.10zenmonkeys.com/2007/03/05/john-edwards-virtual-attackers-unmasked/ |archive-date=November 20, 2011 |url-status=live}}</ref> The convergence of Encyclopedia Dramatica with the anti-Scientology campaign of [[Project Chanology]] was noted by technology journalist Julian Dibbell.<ref>{{citation
|first = Julian
|last = Dibbell
|date = July 11, 2008
|chapter = Sympathy for the Griefer: MOOrape, Lulz Cubes, and Other Lessons From the First 2 Decades of Online Sociopathy
|title = GLS Conference 4.0
|publisher = Games, Learning and Society Group
|location = Madison, Wisconsin
|chapter-url = http://hosted4.mediasite.com/mediasite/Viewer/?peid=9d1cf257-52ff-4704-9cb5-37de2ecca35b
|access-date = November 7, 2008
|url-status = dead
|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110714064724/http://hosted4.mediasite.com/mediasite/Viewer/?peid=9d1cf257-52ff-4704-9cb5-37de2ecca35b
|archive-date = July 14, 2011
}}.</ref>

The celebration and archival of the "raids" organized on [[/b/]] on Encyclopedia Dramatica, which acted as a "troll [[hall of fame]]" when used this way,{{sfn|Stryker|2011|p=¶12.28}} has been seen by some scholars, among them Liam Mitchell of [[Trent University]], as acting as a way to assuage the guilt that trolls feel for harming their victims and being confronted with evidence of this harm. By celebrating on Encyclopedia Dramatica, and archiving that which would make an individual member guilty, trolls collectively engage in a type of [[mob mentality]] where the idea that "none of us is as cruel as all of us" minimizes the actions they take individually: "[[Crowd psychology|One cannot reason with a multitude]], let alone [[Appeal to emotion|appeal to its conscience]]. If any of its members are not susceptible to [[reason]] or [[conscience]]{{Em dash}}the province of the [[ego ideal]], and therefore of the divide that characterizes [[subjectivity]]{{Em dash}}then the trolling will proceed."<ref name=":0">{{Citation|last=Mitchell|first=Liam|title="Because none of us are as cruel as all of us": Anonymity and Subjectivation|date=24 April 2013|url=https://journals.uvic.ca/index.php/ctheory/article/download/14794/5668?inline=1#_edn1|work={{link-en|CTheory}}|volume=Theory Beyond the Codes|editor-last=Kroker|editor-first=Arthur|type=eJournal|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130701234006/http://www.ctheory.net/articles.aspx?id=720|publisher=Pacific Centre for Technology and Culture|id=tbc051|access-date=2021-04-16|archive-date=2013-07-01|editor2-last=Kroker|editor2-first=Marilouise}}</ref>
{{TransF}}
2008年12月16日，ED百科在[[Mashable]]的第二届年度开放网络奖中赢得了评选最受欢迎的wiki的“人民选择奖”，其中 [[wikiHow]] 获得亚军，维基百科名列第三<ref>{{citation
|last = Cashmore
|first = Pete
|chapter-url = http://mashable.com/2008/12/16/open-web-awards-2-winners/
|chapter = People's Choice Winners
|title = Open Web Awards Winners
|date = December 16, 2008
|access-date = August 11, 2009
|publisher = mashable.com
|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20090826092048/http://mashable.com/2008/12/16/open-web-awards-2-winners/
|archive-date = August 26, 2009
|deadurl = no
}}</ref>。

2008年12月，ED百科公告寻求捐助，声称网站受到攻击，失去了一半的广告收入<ref name="thestandardshutdown">{{cite news |last= Golson |first= Jordan |title= Briefly: Encyclopedia Dramatica threatens shutdown | url=http://www.thestandard.com/news/2008/08/11/briefly-encyclopedia-dramatica-threatens-shutdown |work= {{link-en|The Industry Standard}} |date =2008-11-08|access-date=2011-05-14|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090515143019/http://www.thestandard.com/news/2008/08/11/briefly-encyclopedia-dramatica-threatens-shutdown |archive-date=2009-05-19}}</ref>。

2010年1月，ED百科的 ''Aboriginal'' 条目从[[Google]]澳大利亚的搜索结果中消失，因为一个律师以「种族主义」为由向{{link-en|澳大利亚人权委员会|Australian Human Rights Commission}}举报<ref>{{citation
|title = Google agrees to take down racist site
|publisher = [[Sydney Morning Herald]]
|url = http://www.smh.com.au/technology/technology-news/google-agrees-to-take-down-racist-site-20100115-maxd.html
|access-date = May 14, 2011
|date = January 15, 2010
|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110605030457/http://www.smh.com.au/technology/technology-news/google-agrees-to-take-down-racist-site-20100115-maxd.html
|archive-date = June 5, 2011
|deadurl = no
}}</ref>。搜索相关关键字就会看到Google说由于收到澳大利亚{{link-en|种族歧视法(RDA)|Racial Discrimination Act 1975|}}相关的法律要求，一个搜索结果已经被移除<ref>{{citation
|title = Aus Media Gets Encyclopedia Dramatica Story Wrong, Only Some Search Links Removed
|publisher = The Inquisitr
|first = Duncan
|last = Riley
|url = http://www.inquisitr.com/57105/aus-media-gets-ed-story-wrong/
|date = January 14, 2010
|access-date = January 15, 2010
|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20100119021719/http://www.inquisitr.com/57105/aus-media-gets-ed-story-wrong/
|archive-date = January 19, 2010
|deadurl = no
}}.</ref><ref>{{citation
|title = Australian Anti Discrimination Act Complaint
|publisher = [[Lumen|寒蝉效应]]
|url = http://www.chillingeffects.org/notice.cgi?sID=17460
|access-date = 2010-01-15
|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20100118084049/http://www.chillingeffects.org/notice.cgi?sID=17460
|archive-date = 2010-01-18
|deadurl = no
}}</ref>。对此事的炒作反而给网站[[史翠珊效应|增加了声誉]]<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.abc.net.au/tv/hungrybeast/stories/google-australia-censors-search-results-wtf/ |title=Google Australia censors search results. WTF? |first=Elmo |last=Keep |date=January 18, 2011 |work=Hungry Beast |publisher=ABC |access-date=May 28, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120626042430/http://www.abc.net.au/tv/hungrybeast/stories/google-australia-censors-search-results-wtf/ |archive-date=June 26, 2012 |url-status=dead}}</ref>。2010年3月，据报道，澳大利亚人权委员会通过电子邮件通知该网站，根据澳大利亚法律，这篇文章的''Aboriginal''条目可能违反了其RDA的第18C和18D节<ref name=9news>{{cite news |work=9news |url=https://www.9news.com.au/technology/dramatica-owner-could-face-charges/f62bc3d3-cfa2-4a4c-a856-301371817b7a |title=Dramatica owner could face charges |date=16 March 2010 |accessdate=2021-08-18 |archive-date=2021-08-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210823010046/https://www.9news.com.au/technology/dramatica-owner-could-face-charges/f62bc3d3-cfa2-4a4c-a856-301371817b7a }}<br>
{{citation
| title = Dramatica owner could face charges
| publisher = ninemsn
| first = Henri
| last = Paget
| url = http://news.ninemsn.com.au/technology/1028037/encyclopedia-dramatica-owner-could-face-charges
| date = 1010-03-16
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20100322191406/http://news.ninemsn.com.au/technology/1028037/encyclopedia-dramatica-owner-could-face-charges
| archive-date = 2010-03-22
}}</ref>。

== 法律诉讼 ==
*2016年，一个[[英国]]法院判决在Encyclopedia Dramatica上发布诽谤信息的用户必须支付10000英镑的罚款。
*2017年，Encyclopedia Dramatica由于[[盗版|侵犯版权]]被提起诉讼，诉讼金额为75万美元。这个“威胁生命”的诉讼是百万富翁[[乔纳森·蒙萨拉特]]提起的。

== 参见 ==
*[[CloudFlare]]
**[[恶俗维基]]
**[[4chan]]
***[[8chan]]
*[[网络迷因]]
*[[伪基百科]]

== 参考资料 ==
{{reflist}}

[[分类:幽默网站]]
[[分类:MediaWiki网站]]
[[分类:2004年建立的网站]]
[[分类:讽刺类网站]]
[[分类:在线百科全书]]

Encyclopedia Dramatica - 版本历史

imported>Akishima Yuka：​Akishima Yuka移动页面戏剧百科全书至Encyclopedia Dramatica，覆盖重定向：​恢复

imported>Akishima Yuka：Akishima Yuka移动页面戏剧百科全书至Encyclopedia Dramatica，覆盖重定向：恢复