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{{NoteTA
| G1 = IT
}}
{{Infobox software
| title = Emscripten
| logo = Emscripten logo.svg
| logo caption =
| screenshot = 
| caption =
| collapsible =
| author = Alon Zakai
| released = 
| programming language = [[C语言|C]]、[[C++]]、[[JavaScript]]<ref>{{cite web |url=https://github.com/emscripten-core/emscripten/releases |title=emscripten-core/emscripten: Emscripten: An LLVM-to-JavaScript Compiler |website=[[GitHub]] |quote=C: 40.0%; C++: 34.4%; JavaScript: 17.4%. |access-date=2023-09-03 |archive-date=2023-09-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230903150422/https://github.com/emscripten-core/emscripten/releases |dead-url=no }}</ref>
| operating system =
| platform =
| size =
| genre = [[編譯器]]
| license = [[MIT許可證|MIT]]、{{link-en|University of Illinois/NCSA Open Source License|University of Illinois/NCSA Open Source License|UIUC}}
| discontinued =
}}

'''Emscripten'''是基於[[LLVM]] / [[Clang]]的[[編譯器]]，用來将[[C语言|C]]和[[C++]][[源代码]]编译为[[WebAssembly]] <ref>{{Cite web |url=https://github.com/kripken/emscripten/wiki/WebAssembly |title=WebAssembly · emscripten-core/emscripten Wiki · GitHub |access-date=2023-09-03 |archive-date=2019-01-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190116171823/https://github.com/kripken/emscripten/wiki/WebAssembly |dead-url=no }}</ref>。在WebAssembly於2017年出現以前，[[JavaScript]]的子集[[asm.js]]曾是編譯目標 <ref>{{Cite web|last=Walton|first=Zach|date=2012-04-04|title=Easily Port C++ To HTML5/JavaScript With Emscripten|url=http://www.webpronews.com/easily-port-c-to-html5javascript-with-emscripten-2012-04|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130730202900/http://www.webpronews.com/easily-port-c-to-html5javascript-with-emscripten-2012-04|archive-date=2013-07-30|access-date=2012-04-25|website=WebProNews|publisher=iEntry Network}}</ref>

Emscripten 允许預先编译用 C 或 C++ 编写的应用程序和库以在網頁瀏覽器中運行，絕大多數的情況下運行速度與[[直譯器|直譯]]（或[[即時編譯]]）的 JavaScript 相同或更快。Emscripten 甚至可以模拟整个[[可移植操作系统接口|POSIX]]操作系统，使程序员能够使用[[C標準函式庫]](libc) 中的函数。 <ref name="ClarkL_(2019)">{{Cite web|last=Clark|first=Lin|title=Standardizing WASI: A system interface to run WebAssembly outside the web – Mozilla Hacks - the Web developer blog|url=https://hacks.mozilla.org/2019/03/standardizing-wasi-a-webassembly-system-interface/|access-date=31 October 2022|website=Mozilla Hacks – the Web developer blog|publisher=Mozilla|archive-date=2022-10-30|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221030175011/https://hacks.mozilla.org/2019/03/standardizing-wasi-a-webassembly-system-interface/|dead-url=no}}</ref>

随着WebAssembly的接口（{{langx|en|WebAssembly System Interface}}，WASI）<ref>{{Cite web|last=The Wasmtime Project|title=WASI: The WebAssembly System Interface|url=https://wasi.dev/|access-date=2021-02-10|website=WASI.dev|publisher=The Wasmtime Project|archive-date=2022-07-05|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220705161801/https://wasi.dev/|dead-url=no}}</ref>和[[运行时系统]]（例如[[Node.js]]、Wasmtime<ref>{{Cite web|last=The Wasmtime Project|title=Wasmtime: A small and efficient runtime for WebAssembly & WASI|url=https://wasmtime.dev/|access-date=2021-02-10|website=Wasmtime.dev|publisher=The Wasmtime Project|archive-date=2020-12-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201204101750/http://wasmtime.dev/|dead-url=no}}</ref>和Wasmer<ref>{{Cite web|last=Wasmer|title=Wasmer: The Universal WebAssembly Runtime|url=https://wasmer.io/|access-date=2021-02-10|website=Wasmer.io|publisher=Wasmer|archive-date=2021-03-02|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210302014031/https://wasmer.io/|dead-url=no}}</ref>）上的WebAssembly的開發進展，Emscripten也可编译成在網頁以外的地方使用的WebAssembly 。

== 用途 ==
Emscripten 已讓许多 C/C++ 代码库順利[[移植 (軟體)|移植]]到WebAssembly，包括[[虚幻引擎|Unreal Engine 3]]、[[SQLite]] 、 <ref>{{Cite web|title=sqlite3 WebAssembly & JavaScript Documentation Index|url=https://sqlite.org/wasm|access-date=2023-05-08|website=SQLite|archive-date=2024-05-02|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240502210710/https://sqlite.org/wasm/doc/trunk/index.md|dead-url=no}}</ref>[[MeshLab]] 、 <ref>http://www.meshlabjs.net {{Wayback|url=http://www.meshlabjs.net/ |date=20220117024727 }} - Homepage of the experimental, client based, javascript, version of [[MeshLab]] that runs inside a browser</ref>[[Bullet]]physical 。 <ref>{{Cite web|title=Porting Examples and Demos|url=https://github.com/emscripten-core/emscripten/wiki/Porting-Examples-and-Demos|access-date=2016-03-01|website=Emscripten GitHub wiki|archive-date=2023-09-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230903150421/https://github.com/emscripten-core/emscripten/wiki/Porting-Examples-and-Demos|dead-url=no}}</ref>[[AutoCAD]] <ref>{{Cite web|title=The Future of AutoCAD|url=http://through-the-interface.typepad.com/through_the_interface/2018/03/the-future-of-autocad.html|access-date=2018-05-09|website=Through the Interface|archive-date=2023-09-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230903150422/https://through-the-interface.typepad.com/through_the_interface/2018/03/the-future-of-autocad.html|dead-url=no}}</ref>、[[Qt|Qt 应用程序框架]]的子集等等。<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=Qt for WebAssembly|url=https://doc.qt.io/qt-5/wasm.html|access-date=2023-09-03|archive-date=2023-10-12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231012002222/https://doc.qt.io/qt-5/wasm.html|dead-url=no}}</ref>通过 Emscripten 順利移植到 WebAssembly 的其他软件範例包括：

=== 游戏引擎 ===
[[Unity (游戏引擎)|Unity]]、[[Godot]]和[[虚幻引擎|Unreal]]游戏引擎利用Emscripten提供了HTML5的导出选项。 <ref>{{Cite web|date=18 March 2014|title=Unity game engine heading to the browser without plug-ins|url=https://arstechnica.com/gadgets/2014/03/unity-game-engine-heading-to-the-browser-without-plug-ins/|access-date=2016-03-01|website=Ars Technica|archive-date=2019-03-22|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190322173330/https://arstechnica.com/gadgets/2014/03/unity-game-engine-heading-to-the-browser-without-plug-ins/|dead-url=no}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=The future of scripting in Unity – Unity Blog|url=http://blogs.unity3d.com/2014/05/20/the-future-of-scripting-in-unity/|access-date=2016-03-01|website=Unity Technologies Blog|archive-date=2016-03-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304094905/http://blogs.unity3d.com/2014/05/20/the-future-of-scripting-in-unity/|dead-url=no}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Tappy Chicken|url=https://www.unrealengine.com/html5/|access-date=2016-03-01|website=www.unrealengine.com|archive-date=2017-08-21|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170821002206/https://www.unrealengine.com/html5|dead-url=no}}</ref>

=== 框架和工具包 ===
{{Link-en|openFrameworks}} 通过 Emscripten 将本机 C++ 应用程序导出成 HTML5。<ref>{{Cite web|title=openFrameworks setup for Emscripten|url=http://openframeworks.cc/setup/emscripten/|access-date=2016-03-04|website=openFrameworks|archive-date=2023-04-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230419014146/https://openframeworks.cc/setup/emscripten/|dead-url=no}}</ref>emscripten-qt允许将使用[[Qt|Qt 应用程序框架]]编写的应用程序编译为WebAssembly。<ref name=":0" />

=== 软件归档 ===
2014年12月，[[互联网档案馆]]推出了用Emscripten编译的[[DOSBox]]模拟器，提供数千个基於瀏覽器的存档的[[MS-DOS]]和PC程序。<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/the-switch/wp/2015/01/05/you-can-now-play-nearly-2400-ms-dos-video-games-in-your-browser/|title=You can now play nearly 2,400 MS-DOS video games in your browser|first=Abby|author=Ohlheiser|date=2015-01-05|accessdate=2015-01-08|work=[[The Washington Post]]|archive-date=2015-01-07|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150107210746/https://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/the-switch/wp/2015/01/05/you-can-now-play-nearly-2400-ms-dos-video-games-in-your-browser/|dead-url=no}}</ref><ref>[http://ascii.textfiles.com/archives/4471 Each New Boot a Miracle] {{Wayback|url=http://ascii.textfiles.com/archives/4471 |date=20150109113609 }} by Jason Scott (December 23, 2014)</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Internet Archive Search: "collection:softwarelibrary_msdos"|url=https://archive.org/search.php?query=collection%3Asoftwarelibrary_msdos&page=1|access-date=2016-03-01|website=archive.org}}</ref>

== 參見 ==
{{Portal|自由軟體}}

* [[asm.js]]
* [[Native Client|Google Native Client]] (PNaCl)
* [[Haxe]]
* [[WebAssembly]]

== 參考文獻 ==
{{Reflist|30em}}

== 外部链接 ==

* {{Official website}}
* {{GitHub|emscripten-core/emscripten}}
* [https://emscripten.org/docs/ Emscripten文檔] {{Wayback|url=https://emscripten.org/docs/ |date=20230903150421 }}
* [https://github.com/emscripten-core/emscripten/wiki/Porting-Examples-and-Demos 接口使用範例與演示] {{Wayback|url=https://github.com/emscripten-core/emscripten/wiki/Porting-Examples-and-Demos |date=20230903150421 }}
* [https://github.com/appcypher/awesome-wasm-runtimes 部分WebAssembly运行时的列表] {{Wayback|url=https://github.com/appcypher/awesome-wasm-runtimes |date=20231016122016 }}
{{JavaScript}}

[[Category:使用MIT许可证的软件]]
[[Category:JavaScript函式庫]]
[[Category:编译器软件]]

Emscripten - 版本历史

imported>Willy1018-bot：​BOTR：批量替換所有lang-xx模板為langx模板

imported>Willy1018-bot：BOTR：批量替換所有lang-xx模板為langx模板