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{{protein
| Name = 真核起始因子1A
| caption = 人类eIF1的溶液结构
| image = Human eIF1A.jpg
| width = 250px
| HGNCid =
| Symbol = eIF1A
| AltSymbols =
| EntrezGene = 9086
| OMIM = 400014
| RefSeq = NP_004672
| UniProt = O14602
| PDB = 2d7q
| ECnumber =
| Chromosome = 21
| Arm =
| Band =
| LocusSupplementaryData =
}}
'''eIF1A'''（eukaryotic translation initiation factor 1A，[[真核起始因子]]1A）是一种在[[真核翻译]]起始进程中发挥重要作用的[[蛋白质]]，也是一种[[RNA]]结合蛋白。其主要的功能是稳定Met-[[tRNA]]<sub>i</sub>与40S[[核糖体]]亚基间的结合，参与激活[[mRNA]]的结合，还可以通过结合到40S亚基上以阻止其与60S亚基结合形成无活性的[[核糖体]]。此外，43S前起始复合物在mRNA上寻找AUG起始密码子的移动过程可能需要eIF1A的参与。<ref>{{en}}{{cite journal en|author=Pestova TV, Borukhov SI, Hellen CU|title=Eukaryotic ribosomes require initiation factors 1 and 1A to locate initiation codons|url=https://archive.org/details/sim_nature-uk_1998-08-27_394_6696/page/854|journal=Nature|year=1998|volume=394|pages=854-9|pmid=9732867}}</ref>在酵母中，eIF1A是维持其生存不可或缺的蛋白。<ref name="wei">{{en}}{{cite journal en|author=Wei CL, Kainuma M, Hershey JW|title=Characterization of yeast translation initiation factor 1A and cloning of its essential gene|url=https://archive.org/details/sim_journal-of-biological-chemistry_1995-03-31_270_13/page/7550|journal= J Biol Chem|year=1995|volume=270|pages=22788-94|pmid=7559407}}</ref>

eIF1A被认为是最保守的起始因子：[[小麦]]和[[兔子]]的eIF1A在体外实验中是可互换的；而且在体内实验中，人eIF1A可以取代[[酵母]]eIF1A。<ref>{{en}}{{cite journal en|author=Timmer RT, Lax SR, Hughes DL, Merrick WC, Ravel JM, Browning KS|title=Characterization of wheat germ protein synthesis initiation factor eIF-4C and comparison of eIF-4C from wheat germ and rabbit reticulocytes|url=https://archive.org/details/sim_journal-of-biological-chemistry_1993-11-25_268_33/page/24862|journal= J Biol Chem|year=1993|volume=268|issue=33|pages=24863-7|pmid=8227048}}</ref><ref>{{en}}{{cite journal en|author=Dever TE, Wei CL, Benkowski LA, Browning K, Merrick WC, Hershey JW|title=Determination of the amino acid sequence of rabbit, human, and wheat germ protein synthesis factor eIF-4C by cloning and chemical sequencing|url=https://archive.org/details/sim_journal-of-biological-chemistry_1994-02-04_269_5/page/3212|journal= J Biol Chem|year=1994|volume=269|pages=3212-8|pmid=8106356}}</ref><ref name="wei"/>eIF1A与[[原核生物]]中的[[IF1]][[同源]]。eIF1A与IF1结合核糖体相似的是，在没有其他真核起始因子的协助下，eIF1A依然能够结合到40S亚基上。<ref>{{en}}{{cite journal en|author=Majumdar R, Bandyopadhyay A, Maitra U|title=Mammalian translation initiation factor eIF1 functions with eIF1A and eIF3 in the formation of a stable 40 S preinitiation complex|url=https://archive.org/details/sim_journal-of-biological-chemistry_2003-02-21_278_8/page/6580|journal= J Biol Chem|year=2003|volume=278|pages=6580-7|pmid=12493757}}</ref>

eIF1A的[[基因]]存在于X[[染色体]]（基因名：EIF1AX）和Y染色体（基因名：EIF1AY）中。

== 结构 ==
eIF1A的[[蛋白质结构|结构]]采用了与[[大肠杆菌]]IF1相同的折叠类型，即β桶的OB折叠（β barrel oligomer-binding fold）。<ref>{{en}}{{cite journal en|author=Battiste JL, Pestova TV, Hellen CU, Wagner G|title=The eIF1A solution structure reveals a large RNA-binding surface important for scanning function|journal=Mol Cell|year=2000|volume=5|pages=109-19|pmid=10678173}}</ref>这种折叠类型出现在很多参与[[翻译 (遗传学)|翻译]]的蛋白质中。eIF1A和IF1结构上的相似性提示两者分别在[[真核翻译|真核]]和[[原核翻译]]起始中有着相同的作用。

== 参考文献 ==
{{reflist}}

== 参见 ==
*[[真核起始因子]]
*能够与eIF1结合的真核起始因子：
**[[eIF2]]
**[[eIF3]]
**[[eIF5B]]

{{遗传学·翻译}}

[[Category:蛋白质生物合成]]
[[Category:位於人類Y染色體的基因]]

EIF1A - 版本历史

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