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{{roughtranslation|time=2022-06-01}}
{{NoteTA
|G1 = IT
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{{Infobox organization
| name = Code.org
| image = Code.org logo.svg
| image_size = 160px
| caption = Code.org 标志
| motto =
| formation = 2013年1月
| founder = [[Hadi Partovi]] 和 [[Ali Partovi]]
| founding_location =
| purpose = 提高美国计算机教育
| headquarters =
| services =
| products =
| leader_title = CEO
| leader_name = Hadi Partovi
| board_of_directors =
| mission =
| website = {{url|https://code.org/}}
}}

'''Code.org''' 是一个非盈利性组织由[[Hadi Partovi]]兄弟<ref>{{cite web | url=http://articles.latimes.com/2013/feb/26/business/la-fi-tn-silicon-valley-launches-campaign-to-get-kids-to-code-20130226 | title=Silicon Valley launches campaign to get kids to code | publisher=[[Los Angeles Times]] | date=2013-02-26 | author=Guynn, Jessica | accessdate=2016-04-17 | archive-date=2015-12-24 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151224143251/http://articles.latimes.com/2013/feb/26/business/la-fi-tn-silicon-valley-launches-campaign-to-get-kids-to-code-20130226 | dead-url=no }}</ref> 创建的与该组织同名的网站，其宗旨在于支持美国的学生学习[[计算机科学]]。<ref>[http://articles.latimes.com/2014/apr/07/news/la-ol-teach-students-code-computer-science-20140406] {{Wayback|url=http://articles.latimes.com/2014/apr/07/news/la-ol-teach-students-code-computer-science-20140406 |date=20140515173612 }} latimes.com Want to prepare kids for the future? Teach them to code.</ref> 该网站为教育机构，以促进和提高其学校的计算机科学课程的目的，免费提供编程经验。<ref name=about>{{cite web|url = http://code.org/about|title = About Us|publisher = Code.org|accessdate = December 30, 2013|archive-date = 2013-12-20|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20131220163513/http://code.org/about|dead-url = no}}</ref> 于2013年12月9日至2013年12月15日，他们成功举行一个全国性的"编程一小时2013"宣传周活动, 来促进该国的计算机科学。<ref>{{cite web|url=http://csedweek.org|title=69,710,062|work=CSEd Week|accessdate=2016-04-17|archive-date=2014-01-14|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140114060741/http://csedweek.org/|dead-url=no}}</ref><ref>[http://www.nytimes.com/2014/05/11/us/reading-writing-arithmetic-and-lately-coding.html?hpw&rref=us&_r=0 ] {{Wayback|url=http://www.nytimes.com/2014/05/11/us/reading-writing-arithmetic-and-lately-coding.html?hpw&rref=us&_r=0 |date=20141129081815 }} nytimes.com Reading, Writing, Arithmetic, and Lately, Coding</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://es.go.indiegogo.com/blog/2014/10/code-orgs-hadi-partovi-changing-education-making-history.html |title=An Hour of Code’s Hadi Partovi on Changing Education and Making History |access-date=2016-04-17 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304042853/https://es.go.indiegogo.com/blog/2014/10/code-orgs-hadi-partovi-changing-education-making-history.html |archive-date=2016-03-04 |dead-url=yes }}</ref>

==历史==
Code.org® 成立于 2013 年，是一家致力于普及计算机科学，并且鼓励更多女性和各肤色弱势学生群体受益于计算机科学教育的非营利性组织。Code.org 期望每一名学生都有机会接触并学习计算机科学。Code.org 认为计算科学应与生物、化学和代数等学科一样成为重点课程。<ref>{{Cite web |title = 微软携手 Code.org 联合打造《我的世界》编程一小时新教程 |url = http://news.microsoft.com/zh-cn/%E5%BE%AE%E8%BD%AF%E6%90%BA%E6%89%8B-code-org-%E8%81%94%E5%90%88%E6%89%93%E9%80%A0%E3%80%8A%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E3%80%8B%E7%BC%96%E7%A8%8B%E4%B8%80%E5%B0%8F%E6%97%B6%E6%96%B0%E6%95%99/#sm.00000f5kt9xqbdfjstppgup7089tf |website = 微软中国 |accessdate = 2015-11-17 |archive-date = 2016-03-02 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20160302195140/http://news.microsoft.com/zh-cn/%E5%BE%AE%E8%BD%AF%E6%90%BA%E6%89%8B-code-org-%E8%81%94%E5%90%88%E6%89%93%E9%80%A0%E3%80%8A%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E3%80%8B%E7%BC%96%E7%A8%8B%E4%B8%80%E5%B0%8F%E6%97%B6%E6%96%B0%E6%95%99/#sm.00000f5kt9xqbdfjstppgup7089tf |dead-url = no }}</ref>

==编程一小时==
自2013年12月9日到15日举行为期一周的'''[[计算机科学]]教育周'''<ref>{{cite web|url=http://csedweek.org/|title=69,710,062|work=CSEd Week|accessdate=2016-04-17|archive-date=2014-01-14|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140114060741/http://csedweek.org/|dead-url=no}}</ref>，Code.org在他的网站向[[教师]]和[[学生]]开展了“编程一小时”活动，指导他们完成简短的编程。<ref>{{cite web|url=http://allthingsd.com/20131213/15-million-students-learned-to-program-this-week-thanks-to-hour-of-code/|title=15 Million Students Participate in Hour of Code - Liz Gannes - News - AllThingsD|work=AllThingsD|accessdate=2016-04-17|archive-date=2014-01-24|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140124110558/http://allthingsd.com/20131213/15-million-students-learned-to-program-this-week-thanks-to-hour-of-code/|dead-url=no}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://allthingsd.com/20131014/hack-attack-mark-zuckerberg-and-bill-gates-teach-hour-of-code-online-computer-science-class/|title=Mark Zuckerberg and Bill Gates Teach Code.org Online Coding Class - Liz Gannes - News - AllThingsD|work=AllThingsD|accessdate=2016-04-17|archive-date=2014-01-27|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140127003801/http://allthingsd.com/20131014/hack-attack-mark-zuckerberg-and-bill-gates-teach-hour-of-code-online-computer-science-class/|dead-url=no}}</ref><ref>[http://www.bostonglobe.com/opinion/editorials/2013/12/12/hour-code-highlights-need-for-better-computer-education/9aedOXrgRXE5MravhkUKfK/story.html] {{Wayback|url=http://www.bostonglobe.com/opinion/editorials/2013/12/12/hour-code-highlights-need-for-better-computer-education/9aedOXrgRXE5MravhkUKfK/story.html |date=20160307153424 }} Boston Globe</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.i-programmer.info/news/150-training-a-education/6722-hour-of-code-reaches-over-16-million-what-next.html|title=Hour of Code Reaches Over 16 Million - What Next?|author=Editor|work=i-programmer.info|accessdate=2016-04-17|archive-date=2013-12-26|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131226122714/http://www.i-programmer.info/news/150-training-a-education/6722-hour-of-code-reaches-over-16-million-what-next.html|dead-url=no}}</ref>编程一小时让参与者使用[[Blockly]]来编写代码，一种预先定义好的代码片段又有趣的[[虚拟计算机编程语言]]，就像是[[Logo语言]]。该倡议提前两个月通告，<ref>{{cite web|url = http://thenextweb.com/apps/2013/12/09/codecademy-hour-code-app-iphone-teaches-basics-programming-anytime-anywhere/|title = Code.org unveils ‘Hour of Code’ campaign encouraging K-12 students to pick up computer programming|last = Yeung|first = Ken|date = October 14, 2013|accessdate = January 8, 2014|publisher = ''[[The Next Web]]''|archive-date = 2016-04-25|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20160425231326/http://thenextweb.com/apps/2013/12/09/codecademy-hour-code-app-iphone-teaches-basics-programming-anytime-anywhere/|dead-url = no}}</ref>并预期举行，倡议得到来自美国总统[[贝拉克·奥巴马]]，以及高科技公司的高层，如[[微软]]和[[苹果公司|苹果]]公司的支持。<ref>{{cite web|url = http://techcrunch.com/2013/12/08/obama-celebrities-politicians-and-tech-cos-come-together-to-launch-computer-science-education-push/|title = Obama, Celebrities, Politicians And Tech Co’s Come Together To Launch Coding Education Push|last = Empson|first = Rip|date = December 8, 2013|accessdate = January 8, 2014|publisher = ''[[TechCrunch]]''|archive-date = 2016-03-03|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20160303231627/http://techcrunch.com/2013/12/08/obama-celebrities-politicians-and-tech-cos-come-together-to-launch-computer-science-education-push/|dead-url = no}}</ref><ref name="Post 2014">{{cite web | last=Beres | first=Damon | title=Obama Writes His First Line Of Code | website=The Huffington Post | date=9 December 2014 | url=http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2014/12/09/obama-code_n_6294036.html | accessdate=12 January 2015 | archive-date=2014-12-31 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141231013458/http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2014/12/09/obama-code_n_6294036.html | dead-url=no }}</ref>大约 20 万人参加，并编写了超过 600 万行的代码。<ref>{{cite web|url = http://techcrunch.com/2013/12/26/code-org-2-weeks-and-600m-lines-of-code-later-20m-students-have-learned-an-hour-of-code/|title = Code.org: 2 Weeks And 600M+ Lines Of Code Later, 20M Students Have Learned An "Hour Of Code"|last = Empson|first = Rip|date = December 26, 2013|accessdate = January 8, 2014|publisher = ''[[TechCrunch]]''|archive-date = 2016-03-15|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20160315071556/http://techcrunch.com/2013/12/26/code-org-2-weeks-and-600m-lines-of-code-later-20m-students-have-learned-an-hour-of-code/|dead-url = no}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url = http://www.bostonglobe.com/metro/regionals/west/2013/12/29/more-schools-try-crack-code-computer-programming/6E7r6lhgwDL6ugGVKWe7xO/story.html|title = Preview of writing code for future|author = Jennifer Fenn Lefferts|date = December 29, 2013|accessdate = January 8, 2014|publisher = ''[[Boston Globe]]''|archive-date = 2016-04-09|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20160409051401/http://www.bostonglobe.com/metro/regionals/west/2013/12/29/more-schools-try-crack-code-computer-programming/6E7r6lhgwDL6ugGVKWe7xO/story.html|dead-url = no}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url = http://www.forbes.com/sites/nickmorrison/2013/12/27/teach-kids-how-to-code-and-you-give-them-a-skill-for-life/|title = Teach Kids How To Code And You Give Them A Skill For Life|last = Morrison|first = Nick|publisher = ''[[Forbes]]''|date = December 27, 2013|accessdate = January 8, 2014|archive-date = 2016-03-03|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20160303223758/http://www.forbes.com/sites/nickmorrison/2013/12/27/teach-kids-how-to-code-and-you-give-them-a-skill-for-life/|dead-url = no}}</ref>2015年11月17日，[[微软]]公司为了在全球范围内深入推广计算机科学，携手 Code.org 共同发布了针对学生和教育工作者的《我的世界(Minecraft)》编程教程，以响应将于12月7日－13日“计算机科学教育周”期间举办的“第三届编程一小时”活动。<ref>{{cite web |url= http://news.microsoft.com/zh-cn/%E5%BE%AE%E8%BD%AF%E6%90%BA%E6%89%8B-code-org-%E8%81%94%E5%90%88%E6%89%93%E9%80%A0%E3%80%8A%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E3%80%8B%E7%BC%96%E7%A8%8B%E4%B8%80%E5%B0%8F%E6%97%B6%E6%96%B0%E6%95%99/#sm.00000f5kt9xqbdfjstppgup7089tf |title= 微软携手 Code.org 联合打造《我的世界》编程一小时新教程 |publisher= 微软中国 |date= November 17, 2015 |author= 微软中国 |accessdate= 2016-04-20 |archive-date= 2016-05-03 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20160503003149/http://news.microsoft.com/zh-cn/%E5%BE%AE%E8%BD%AF%E6%90%BA%E6%89%8B-code-org-%E8%81%94%E5%90%88%E6%89%93%E9%80%A0%E3%80%8A%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E3%80%8B%E7%BC%96%E7%A8%8B%E4%B8%80%E5%B0%8F%E6%97%B6%E6%96%B0%E6%95%99/#sm.00000f5kt9xqbdfjstppgup7089tf |dead-url= no }}</ref>《我的世界》是一款无论男孩还是女孩都会为之着迷的游戏，Code.org 首席执行官兼联合创始人哈迪▪帕托维（Hadi Partovi）说道:“为了让每一位学生都能有机会接触并掌握计算机科学，微软一直以来都是 Code.org 最主要的资助者，且始终大力支持我们在全球范围内所开展的推广活动。今年，《我的世界》教程将会让全球数以百万的青少年了解他们所喜爱的这款游戏是如何运行的，并以此激励他们创造自己的技术或应用来影响世界。”同年，苹果为庆祝计算机科学教育周，在全球多家的零售举办了"编程一小时"活动，为参与者提供关于计算机编程基础的一小时免费讲座。此外，还在全球多家零售店邀请科技公司名人举办了精选活动。<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.apple.com/cn/retail/code/ |title=编程从现在开始 |date=2015年12月11日 |author=苹果网站 |accessdate=2016年4月20日 |archive-date=2016年4月10日 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160410092506/http://www.apple.com/cn/retail/code/ |dead-url=no }}</ref>

==课程进展==
因为大多数美国的学校都没有开设计算机科学，该组织的首要工作是在美国的学校增设计算机编程课程，这样将使计算机编程成为课堂的一门课程。在这之后，为了方便学校一旦推行了计算机科学课程，下一步将学校建立免费的在线教学和学习材料。<ref>{{cite book |url=https://books.google.ca/books?id=znnzCAAAQBAJ&pg=PT90 |page=90 |title=Every Gift Matters: How Your Passion Can Change the World |author=Carrie Morgridge |publisher=Greenleaf Book Group |year=2015 |access-date=2016-04-17 |archive-date=2016-03-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305033113/https://books.google.ca/books?id=znnzCAAAQBAJ&pg=PT90 |dead-url=no }}</ref>Code.org于2014年在美国的三个公立学区展开计算机课程，覆盖大约全美公立学校的5%学生（约两万名学生），<ref>{{cite web |url= http://venturebeat.com/2014/04/24/code-org-is-doing-what-local-governments-arent-bringing-computer-science-into-public-schools/ |publisher= VentureBeat |date= April 24, 2014 |title= Code.org gets serious, launches computer science programs in 30 public school districts |author= KIA KOKALITCHEVA |accessdate= 2016-04-17 |archive-date= 2016-04-30 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20160430053701/http://venturebeat.com/2014/04/24/code-org-is-doing-what-local-governments-arent-bringing-computer-science-into-public-schools/ |dead-url= no }}</ref>而到了2015年，Code.org为约15,000名老师提供了计算机科技的培训，有望覆盖60万名以前无法学习计算机编程的新生，包括了较大比例的女性和少数族裔的学生。<ref>{{cite news |url= http://www.usatoday.com/story/tech/2015/09/10/codeorg-hadi-partovi-computer-science-back--school-kids-teachers-women-minorities/71905738/ |publisher= USA Today |date= September 10, 2015 |title= Code.org trains 15,000 teachers in computer science |author= Jessice Guynn |accessdate= 2016-04-17 |archive-date= 2016-07-27 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20160727051538/http://www.usatoday.com/story/tech/2015/09/10/codeorg-hadi-partovi-computer-science-back--school-kids-teachers-women-minorities/71905738/ |dead-url= no }}</ref>

目前已有超过70所学校与Code.org合作为学生提供计算机科学课程。这些区域接受有关如何将计算机专业知识融入到目前已有的课程当中的专业培训和指导，这些合作伙伴给老师提供的资源涵盖了小学、中学、高中三个阶段，覆盖几百万的学生。<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.geekwire.com/2015/code-org-inks-11-new-partnerships-to-help-expand-computer-science-education/ |publisher=Geek Wire |title=Code.org inks 11 new partnerships to help expand computer science education |author=TAYLOR SOPER |date=June 3, 2015 |accessdate=2016-04-17 |archive-date=2015-11-19 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151119234354/http://www.geekwire.com/2015/code-org-inks-11-new-partnerships-to-help-expand-computer-science-education/ |dead-url=no }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.qiepa.com/2015/06/9097/|title=Code.org联手11强，编程教育在美高中全面推广|author=hanxue|date=2015-06-10|work=茄葩|access-date=2016-05-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160506232931/http://www.qiepa.com/2015/06/9097/|archive-date=2016-05-06|dead-url=yes}}</ref>截至2015年，有600万学生通过Code.org学习计算机科学的课程。<ref>{{cite web|url=http://phys.org/news/2015-09-kids-language-code.html|title=Want your kids to learn another language? Teach them code|work=phys.org|accessdate=2016-04-17|archive-date=2015-11-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151119235816/http://phys.org/news/2015-09-kids-language-code.html|dead-url=no}}</ref>Code.Org与College Board合作，旨在促进35个主要学区的高中提供计算机科学教育。由College Board提供的计算机科学课堂和经费面向承诺使用PSAT标准测试的学校，这帮助学生们明确了自己从事计算机科学工作的方向。<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.usatoday.com/story/tech/2015/05/14/codeorg-college-board-computer-science-high-school-diversity/27304593/|title=Code.org targets high school computer science|date=14 May 2015|work=USA TODAY|accessdate=2016-04-17|archive-date=2016-07-27|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160727051543/http://www.usatoday.com/story/tech/2015/05/14/codeorg-college-board-computer-science-high-school-diversity/27304593/|dead-url=no}}</ref> Code.org至少为计算机科学学科培训了15,000教师。<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.usatoday.com/story/tech/2015/09/10/codeorg-hadi-partovi-computer-science-back--school-kids-teachers-women-minorities/71905738/|title=Code.org trains 15,000 teachers in computer science|date=10 September 2015|work=USA TODAY|accessdate=2016-04-17|archive-date=2016-07-27|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160727051538/http://www.usatoday.com/story/tech/2015/09/10/codeorg-hadi-partovi-computer-science-back--school-kids-teachers-women-minorities/71905738/|dead-url=no}}</ref>Code Studio是Code.org主要的在线教育平台，<ref>{{cite web|url=http://sdtimes.com/code-studio-reaches-milestone-codenow-box-google-cloud-trace-sd-times-news-digest-jan-9-2015/#ixzz3OLzpBszk|title=Code Studio reaches a milestone, CodeNow in a Box, and Google Cloud Trace—SD Times news digest: Jan. 9, 2015|work=SD Times|accessdate=2016-04-17|archive-date=2015-11-20|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151120052402/http://sdtimes.com/code-studio-reaches-milestone-codenow-box-google-cloud-trace-sd-times-news-digest-jan-9-2015/#ixzz3OLzpBszk|dead-url=no}}</ref>根据TechCrunch的描述，“通过操作程序模块以特定的顺序组合在一起，来移动一个字符或在预定的环境绘画一个形状的编程概念”。<ref>{{cite web|url=http://techcrunch.com/2014/09/11/code-org-launches-code-studio-a-toolset-and-curriculum-for-teaching-kids-programming/|title=Code.org Launches Code Studio, A Toolset And Curriculum For Teaching Kids Programming|author=Kyle Russell|publisher=AOL|work=TechCrunch|accessdate=2016-04-17|archive-date=2016-04-16|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160416033846/http://techcrunch.com/2014/09/11/code-org-launches-code-studio-a-toolset-and-curriculum-for-teaching-kids-programming/|dead-url=no}}</ref>

==立法工作==
在一些主要州份的议员试图游说通过立法，将计算机科学注册为一门科学课程，而不是一门计算机语言课程，以确保计算机编程进入课堂。<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.geekwire.com/2015/code-org-takes-sides-dueling-bills-promoting-computer-science-washington-state/ |publisher= Geek Wire |title= Code.org takes sides on dueling bills promoting computer science in Washington State |author= FRANK CATALANO |date= February 5, 2015 |accessdate= 2016-04-17 |archive-date= 2015-12-15 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20151215172248/http://www.geekwire.com/2015/code-org-takes-sides-dueling-bills-promoting-computer-science-washington-state/ |dead-url= no }}</ref> Code.org还特别关注女性和少数族裔的学生，因为该组织认为这些学生很可能没有进入高中或大学，他们是可能没有受到计算机科学教育的高危人群。<ref>{{cite web |url= http://time.com/3595217/frozen-anna-elsa-let-it-code-tech-gender-gap/ |publisher= Time Magazine |title= Frozen’s Anna and Elsa ‘Let It Code’ to Close the Tech Gender Gap |author= Eliana Dockterman |date= November 20, 2014 |accessdate= 2016-04-17 |archive-date= 2015-11-20 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20151120025628/http://time.com/3595217/frozen-anna-elsa-let-it-code-tech-gender-gap/ |dead-url= no }}</ref>

==目标==
引述自其网站，Code.org的目标如下:<ref name=about/>
* 将计算机科学带到全美的[[K-12]]学校课堂，特别是偏远的社区。
* 在公立学校展示运用其在线课程。
* 改变全美50个州的政策为计算机科学进行分类，作为数学/理科核心课程的一部分。
* 利用高科技社群的集体力量来促进全球的计算机科学教育的成长。
* 提高妇女和有色人种学生在计算机科学领域的表现。

==反应==
Mike Cassidy 在''[[圣何塞信使新闻报]]''赞扬Code.org和[[编程一小时]]写道：“他们宣传的正是我们的需要。”<ref>{{cite web|url = http://www.mercurynews.com/mike-cassidy/ci_24712130/cassidy-code-org-hour-code-builds-deeper-understanding|title = Hour of Code builds a deeper understanding of the power of computing|last = Cassidy|first = Mike|date = December 12, 2013|accessdate = January 8, 2014|archive-date = 2014-01-22|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20140122130135/http://www.mercurynews.com/mike-cassidy/ci_24712130/cassidy-code-org-hour-code-builds-deeper-understanding|dead-url = no}}</ref> ''[[PC Magazine]]''的[[John Dvorak]]曾在其文章中评论编程一小时的活动。Dvorak写道：“我认为这是一个想让学校购买更多电脑的阴谋。”<ref>{{cite web|url = http://www.pcmag.com/article2/0,2817,2428466,00.asp|title = The Hidden Agenda of Code.org|last = Dvorak|first = John C.|date = December 18, 2013|accessdate = January 8, 2014|archive-date = 2016-04-19|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20160419145016/http://www.pcmag.com/article2/0,2817,2428466,00.asp|dead-url = no}}</ref>

==参考==
{{reflist|3}}

==外部链接==
* {{url|https://code.org/}}

{{MOOC}}

[[Category:编程游戏]]
[[Category:美国非营利组织]]
[[Category:西雅图组织]]
[[Category:美国教育网站]]
[[Category:2013年成立的公司]]
[[Category:2013年华盛顿州建立]]
[[Category:501(c)(3)非营利组织]]

Code.org - 版本历史

imported>Ohtashinichiro：​翻译外文链接

imported>Ohtashinichiro：翻译外文链接