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CPython - 版本历史
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<p><b>新页面</b></p><div>{{NoteTA<br />
|G1=IT<br />
|G2=FL<br />
|2=zh-cn:解释;zh-tw:直譯;<br />
|3=zh-cn:实现;zh-tw:實作;<br />
|4=zh-cn:编程;zh-tw:程式設計<br />
}}<br />
{{Infobox Software<br />
| name = CPython<br />
| logo = [[File:Python logo and wordmark.svg|300px]]<br />
| author = [[Guido van Rossum]]<br />
| released = {{Start date and age|1994|01|26|df=yes}}<br />
| developer =Python Software Foundation <br />
| programming language = [[C语言|C]]<br />
| platform = [[跨平台]]<br />
| genre = Python程式語言直譯器<br />
| license = [[Python软件基金会许可证]]<br />
| website = [http://www.python.org/ Python.org]<br />
}}<br />
'''CPython'''是用[[C语言]]实现的[[Python]]解释器。作为官方实现，它是最广泛使用的Python解释器。除了CPython以外，还有用[[Java]]实现的[[Jython]]，用[[.NET]]实现的[[IronPython]]，使[[Python]]方便地和[[Java]]程序、[[.NET]]程序[[集成]]。另外还有一些实验性的Python解释器比如[[PyPy]]。{{ref|nutshell}}<br />
<br />
CPython是使用[[字节码]]的[[解释器]]，任何程序源代码在执行之前先要[[编译]]成字节码。它还有和几种其它语言（包括C语言）交互的[[外部函数接口]]。<br />
<br />
== 支持的平台 ==<br />
{|<br />
| width="25%" valign="top"| '''[[类Unix]]'''<br /><br />* [[AIX]]<br />* [[BSD]]<br />* [[Darwin (操作系统)|Darwin]]<br />* [[FreeBSD]]<br />* [[HP-UX]]<br />* [[IRIX]] 5以及更高版本<br />* [[貝爾實驗室九號計畫|九號計畫]]<br />* [[Mac OS X]]<br />* [[NetBSD]]<br />* [[Linux]]<br />* [[OpenBSD]]<br />* [[Solaris]]<br />* [[Tru64]]<br />*其它[[Unix]]<br />
| width="25%" valign="top"| '''桌面操作系统'''<br /><br />* [[AROS]]<br />* [[AtheOS]]<br />* [[BeOS]]<br />* [[Windows]]<br />* [[Windows NT]]<br />* [[OS/2]]<br />* [[RISC OS]]<br />
| width="25%" valign="top"| '''特殊的和嵌入式'''<br /><br />* [[GP2X]]<br />* [[iPodLinux]]<br />* [[Nintendo DS]]<br />* [[Nintendo Gamecube]]<br />* [[Symbian OS Series60]]<br />* [[Nokia 770 Internet Tablet]]<br />* [[Nokia N800]]<br />* [[Nokia N810]]<br />* [[Palm OS]]<br />* [[PlayStation 2]]<br />* [[PlayStation 3]]（Linux）<br />* [[Psion]]<br />* [[QNX]]<br />* [[Sharp Zaurus]]<br />* [[Xbox (遊戲機)|Xbox]]/[[XBMC]]<br />* [[VxWorks]]<br />* [[Openmoko]]<br />
| width="25%" valign="top"| '''大型机和其它'''<br /><br />* [[OS/390]]<br />* [[OpenVMS|VMS]]<br />* [[z/OS]]<br />
|}<br />
<br />
== 曾经支持的平台 ==<br />
[http://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0011/ PEP 11]{{Wayback|url=http://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0011/ |date=20090609125847 }}列出了CPython停止支持的平台。<br />
<br />
* [[DOS]]（2.0开始停止支持）<br />
* [[IRIX]] 4（2.3开始停止支持）<br />
* [[Mac OS 9]]（2.4开始停止支持）<br />
* [[MINIX]]（2.3开始停止支持）<br />
<br />
== 非官方的移植 ==<br />
这些版本没有进入[[Python软件基金会]]的官方版本，这些版本包含了为特定平台提供的模块，如为PSP提供的图像和声音[[API]]以及为S60提供的[[短信|SMS]]和照相机API。<br />
<br />
* [[Amiga]] [http://www.monkeyhouse.eclipse.co.uk/amiga/python/]{{Wayback|url=http://www.monkeyhouse.eclipse.co.uk/amiga/python/ |date=20090223112415 }}<br />
* [[AS/400]] [http://www.iseriespython.com/]{{Wayback|url=http://www.iseriespython.com/ |date=20080515180522 }}<br />
* [[DOS]]平台使用的[[DJGPP]] [http://www.caddit.net/pythond/]{{Wayback|url=http://www.caddit.net/pythond/ |date=20090202073459 }}<br />
* [[PSP]] [https://web.archive.org/web/20090210233518/http://python-psp.net/trac/]<br />
* [[Symbian]] [https://web.archive.org/web/20080810154656/http://opensource.nokia.com/projects/pythonfors60/]<br />
* [[Windows CE]]/[[Pocket PC]] [http://pythonce.sourceforge.net/]{{Wayback|url=http://pythonce.sourceforge.net/ |date=20090831100013 }}<br />
<br />
== 并发问题 ==<br />
在[[多处理器]]的计算机上使用CPython的主要问题来自CPython的[[全局解释器锁]]（Global Interpreter Lock，GIL），它使得CPython不能进行并发编程。<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://docs.python.org/api/threads.html |title=Python/C API Reference Manual: Thread State and the Global Interpreter Lock |accessdate=2021-02-05 |archive-date=2008-09-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080914102629/http://docs.python.org/api/threads.html |dead-url=yes }}</ref>要做到并发编程，就必须为每一个线程运行一个解释器。如果这样的话，它们之间的通讯就非常困难。所以社区内一直在讨论是否要从CPython中去除GIL。<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.python.org/doc/faq/library/#can-t-we-get-rid-of-the-global-interpreter-lock |title=Python Library and Extension FAQ: Can't we get rid of the Global Interpreter Lock? |accessdate=2009-05-30 |archive-date=2009-05-31 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090531065727/http://www.python.org/doc/faq/library/#can-t-we-get-rid-of-the-global-interpreter-lock |dead-url=no }}</ref><br />
<br />
== 注释 ==<br />
# {{note|nutshell}} {{cite book<br />
| last = Martelli<br />
| first = Alex<br />
| authorlink = Alex Martelli<br />
| title = Python in a Nutshell<br />
| url = https://archive.org/details/pythoninnutshell0000mart<br />
| publisher = [[O'Reilly Media|O'Reilly]]<br />
| year = 2006<br />
| edition = 2nd edition<br />
| isbn = 0-596-10046-9<br />
| pages = [https://archive.org/details/pythoninnutshell0000mart/page/5 5]–7 }}<br />
<br />
== 参考 ==<br />
{{Reflist}}<br />
<br />
==延伸閱讀==<br />
{{refbegin}}<br />
* {{cite book |last=Shaw |first=Anthony |author-link= |date=2021 |title=CPython Internals: Your Guide to the Python 3 Interpreter |url=https://archive.org/details/cpythoninternals0000anth|location= |publisher=Real Python |page= |isbn=9781775093343}}<br />
{{refend}}<br />
<br />
==外部連結==<br />
* {{Github|python/cpython|CPython}}<br />
{{-}}<br />
{{Python|state=collapsed}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:自由电脑程式设计工具]]<br />
[[Category:Python解释器]]<br />
[[Category:用C編程的自由軟體]]<br />
[[Category:采用Python软件基金会许可证的软件]]<br />
[[Category:自由編譯器與直譯器]]</div>
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