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{{Infobox_gene}}
{{medical}}
'''CD22'''，名为'''[[分化簇]]-22'''（{{langx|en|cluster of differentiation-22}}），是成熟[[B细胞]]表面的一種[[細胞表面受體|跨膜受体]]，属于[[SIGLEC]]家族。<ref name="pmid9498912">{{cite journal | vauthors = Crocker PR, Clark EA, Filbin M, Gordon S, Jones Y, Kehrl JH, Kelm S, Le Douarin N, Powell L, Roder J, Schnaar RL, Sgroi DC, Stamenkovic K, Schauer R, Schachner M, van den Berg TK, van der Merwe PA, Watt SM, Varki A | title = Siglecs: a family of sialic-acid binding lectins | journal = Glycobiology | volume = 8 | issue = 2 | pages = v | date = February 1998 | pmid = 9498912 | doi = 10.1093/glycob/8.2.0 | displayauthors = 1 }}</ref>

==功能==
CD22表現於成熟[[B细胞]]的表面，也表現於少量未成熟B细胞的表面，其主要功能是避免[[免疫系统]]过度激活，可降低罹患[[自體免疫性疾病]]的风险。<ref name=Hatta1999>{{cite journal |url=http://www.springerlink.com/content/cm72mmgn8npfpl00/ |title=Identification of the gene variations in human CD22 |year=1999 |author=Hatta |display-authors=etal |doi=10.1007/s002510050494 |volume=49 |issue=4 |journal=Immunogenetics |pages=280–286 |access-date=2018-08-15 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190924183401/https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s002510050494 |archive-date=2019-09-24 |dead-url=yes }}</ref>

CD22是一种可高度特异性识别糖基化蛋白（如[[CD45]]）的[[跨膜蛋白]]，可通过[[N端]]的一个{{tsl|en|immunoglobulin domain|免疫球蛋白结构域|免疫球蛋白（Ig）结构域}}與[[唾液酸]]結合。因擁有Ig结构域，CD22也属于{{tsl|en|immunoglobulin superfamily|免疫球蛋白超家族}}。人类体内，CD22主要功能为抑制[[B细胞受体|B細胞表面受體]]的活化。另外，小鼠實驗的結果發現B细胞運輸至[[派亞氏淋巴叢]]的過程亦有CD22的參與。<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Lee M, Kiefel H, LaJevic MD, Macauley MS, Kawashima H, O'Hara E, Pan J, Paulson JC, Butcher EC | title = Transcriptional programs of lymphoid tissue capillary and high endothelium reveal control mechanisms for lymphocyte homing | journal = Nature Immunology | volume = 15 | issue = 10 | pages = 982–95 | date = October 2014 | pmid = 25173345 | doi = 10.1038/ni.2983 | pmc=4222088}}</ref>

==機制==
CD22是[[B细胞受体]]的一個{{link-en|輔助受體|co-receptor}}，其與連結在抗原B细胞受体表面的[[抗原]]連接後，自己會被[[磷酸化]]，進而活化一些[[磷酸酶]]以抑制免疫反應<ref>{{cite journal|title=CD22 and Autoimmune Disease|publisher=''International Reviews of Immunology''|author=Dörner T, Shock A, Smith KG|volume=31|issue=5|doi=10.3109/08830185.2012.709890|year=2012}}</ref>。

== 蛋白質交互作用 ==
CD22经过实验证明会与以下[[蛋白質]]产生[[蛋白質交互作用|交互作用]]：{{tsl|en|Grb2||Grb2}}<ref name=pmid10748054>{{cite journal | vauthors = Poe JC, Fujimoto M, Jansen PJ, Miller AS, Tedder TF | title = CD22 forms a quaternary complex with SHIP, Grb2, and Shc. A pathway for regulation of B lymphocyte antigen receptor-induced calcium flux | url = https://archive.org/details/sim_journal-of-biological-chemistry_2000-06-09_275_23/page/17420 | journal = The Journal of Biological Chemistry | volume = 275 | issue = 23 | pages = 17420–7 | date = June 2000 | pmid = 10748054 | doi = 10.1074/jbc.M001892200 }}</ref><ref name=pmid11551923>{{cite journal | vauthors = Otipoby KL, Draves KE, Clark EA | title = CD22 regulates B cell receptor-mediated signals via two domains that independently recruit Grb2 and SHP-1 | journal = The Journal of Biological Chemistry | volume = 276 | issue = 47 | pages = 44315–22 | date = November 2001 | pmid = 11551923 | doi = 10.1074/jbc.M105446200 }}</ref>、{{tsl|en|PTPN6||PTPN6}}<ref name=pmid11551923/><ref name=pmid9890995>{{cite journal | vauthors = Blasioli J, Paust S, Thomas ML | title = Definition of the sites of interaction between the protein tyrosine phosphatase SHP-1 and CD22 | url = https://archive.org/details/sim_journal-of-biological-chemistry_1999-01-22_274_4/page/2302 | journal = The Journal of Biological Chemistry | volume = 274 | issue = 4 | pages = 2303–7 | date = January 1999 | pmid = 9890995 | doi = 10.1074/jbc.274.4.2303 }}</ref><ref name=pmid10228003>{{cite journal | vauthors = Greer SF, Justement LB | title = CD45 regulates tyrosine phosphorylation of CD22 and its association with the protein tyrosine phosphatase SHP-1 | url = https://archive.org/details/sim_journal-of-immunology_1999-05-01_162_9/page/5278 | journal = Journal of Immunology | volume = 162 | issue = 9 | pages = 5278–86 | date = May 1999 | pmid = 10228003 }}</ref><ref name=pmid8627166>{{cite journal | vauthors = Law CL, Sidorenko SP, Chandran KA, Zhao Z, Shen SH, Fischer EH, Clark EA | title = CD22 associates with protein tyrosine phosphatase 1C, Syk, and phospholipase C-gamma(1) upon B cell activation | url = https://archive.org/details/sim_journal-of-experimental-medicine_1996-02_183_2/page/547 | journal = The Journal of Experimental Medicine | volume = 183 | issue = 2 | pages = 547–60 | date = February 1996 | pmid = 8627166 | pmc = 2192439 | doi = 10.1084/jem.183.2.547 }}</ref><ref name=pmid11356834>{{cite journal | vauthors = Adachi T, Wienands J, Wakabayashi C, Yakura H, Reth M, Tsubata T | title = SHP-1 requires inhibitory co-receptors to down-modulate B cell antigen receptor-mediated phosphorylation of cellular substrates | url = https://archive.org/details/sim_journal-of-biological-chemistry_2001-07-13_276_28/page/26648 | journal = The Journal of Biological Chemistry | volume = 276 | issue = 28 | pages = 26648–55 | date = July 2001 | pmid = 11356834 | doi = 10.1074/jbc.M100997200 }}</ref>、{{tsl|en|LYN|LYN (基因)|LYN}}<ref name=pmid10748054/><ref name=pmid10228003/>、{{tsl|en|SHC1||SHC1}}<ref name=pmid10748054/>和{{tsl|en|INPP5D||INPP5D}}<ref name=pmid10748054/>。

==應用==
CD22也可能作為抗癌藥物的標的，[[國立衛生研究院 (美國)|美国國立衛生研究院]]正在测试一种名为{{tsl|en|Anti-CD22_immunotoxin||BL22}}的{{le|免疫毒素|immunotoxin}}，BL22是一種抗CD22的[[單株抗體]]，與CD22結合後可以進入細胞中，達到殺死細胞的效果，可能有助於治療某些種類的[[白血病]]<ref name="titleBL22 Immunotoxin in Treating Patients Previously Treated With Cladribine for Hairy Cell Leukemia - Full Text View - ClinicalTrials.gov">{{cite web| url =http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct/show/NCT00074048| title =BL22 Immunotoxin in Treating Patients Previously Treated With Cladribine for Hairy Cell Leukemia| accessdate =2018-08-14| authorlink =| format =| work =| publisher =ClinicalTrials.gov - U.S. National Institutes of Health| pages =| archiveurl =https://web.archive.org/web/20071007122216/http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct/show/NCT00074048| archivedate =2007-10-07| quote =| dead-url =no}}</ref>。另外一種針對CD22的單株抗體藥物{{link-en|Epratuzumab|Epratuzumab}}也正在測試中，可能有助於治療白血病與[[全身性紅斑狼瘡]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.drugbank.ca/drugs/DB04958|title=Epratuzumab|work=DrugBank|publisher=Canadian Institutes of Health Research|access-date=2018-08-16|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304205239/http://www.drugbank.ca/drugs/DB04958|archive-date=2016-03-04|dead-url=no}}</ref>。

== 参考文献 ==
{{Reflist|30em|2}}

== 外部链接 ==
* {{MeshName|CD22+Antigen}}
{{Clusters of differentiation}}
{{凝集素}}

[[Category:凝集素]]

CD22 - 版本历史

imported>InternetArchiveBot：​Add 4 books for verifiability (20251017sim)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) (GreenC bot

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