~2026-19952-90 来自 2026年4月1日 (三) 01:12

2026-04-01T01:12:46Z

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{{noteTA
|G1 = IT
|1 = zh:沃兹尼亚克; zh-tw:沃茲尼克;
|2 = zh:乔布斯; zh-tw:賈伯斯;
|3 = zh:斯蒂夫; zh-tw:史蒂夫;
}}
{{Infobox information appliance
| name = Apple I
| logo = Apple-1.svg
| image = Apple I Computer.jpg
| caption =
| developer = [[斯蒂夫·沃兹尼亚克]]<br>[[史蒂夫·乔布斯]]
| manufacturer =
| family =
| type = [[個人電腦]]
| generation =
| releasedate = {{start date and age|1976|4|11}}<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.nationalgeographic.org/thisday/apr11/apple-releases-its-first-computer/ |title=存档副本 |accessdate=2021-01-25 |archive-date=2020-04-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200408203937/https://www.nationalgeographic.org/thisday/apr11/apple-releases-its-first-computer/ |dead-url=no }}</ref>
| lifespan =
| price = {{USD|666.66|1976}}
| discontinued = {{End date|1977|09|30}}
| unitssold =
| unitsshipped =
| media =
| os =
| power =
| soc =
| cpu = [[MOS Technology 6502|MOS 6502]] @ [[megahertz|1 MHz]]
| memory = 4 [[kilobyte|KB]] 標準<br />可透過擴充卡擴充至 8 KB 或 48 KB
| storage = 456kb
| memory card =
| display =
| graphics = 40×24 characters, hardware-implemented scrolling
| sound =
| input =
| controllers =
| camera =
| touchpad =
| connectivity =
| platform =
| service =
| dimensions =
| weight =
| topgame =
| compatibility =
| predecessor =
| successor = [[Apple II]]
| related =
| website = 
}}
[[File:Apple_1_Woz_1976_at_CHM.agr cropped.jpg|thumb|right|250px|1976年原始电路板（来自[[计算机历史博物馆]]）]]
'''Apple-I'''是一种早期的[[个人电脑]]，由[[斯蒂夫·沃兹尼亚克]]设计并[[手工业|手工打造]]<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.ioltechnology.co.za/article_page.php?iSectionId=2892&iArticleId=3456594 |title=IOL Technology - Co-founder tells his side of Apple story |access-date=2009-04-17 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090501062931/http://www.ioltechnology.co.za/article_page.php?iSectionId=2892&iArticleId=3456594 |archive-date=2009-05-01 |dead-url=yes }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=6167297 |title=NPR : A Chat with Computing Pioneer Steve Wozniak |accessdate=2009-04-17 |archive-date=2018-04-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180422133253/https://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=6167297 |dead-url=no }}</ref>。沃兹尼亚克的朋友[[史蒂夫·乔布斯]]则提出销售这台电脑的主意。Apple I是[[苹果公司]]的第一项产品，在1976年4月于加州[[帕羅奧圖_(加利福尼亞州)|帕罗奥图]]的[[家酿计算机俱乐部]]上展示。它于1976年7月以666.66美元<ref>{{cite web |url=http://news.cnet.com/1606-2-5937610.html |title=Video: Wozniak: $666.66 seemed like a good idea |date=2005-11-07 |publisher=CNET News |accessdate=2009-02-19 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20111008062621/http://news.cnet.com/1606-2-5937610.html |archivedate=2011-10-08 }}</ref>的价位开始贩售，原因是沃兹尼亚克喜欢重复的数字<ref name="iWoz">[[斯蒂夫·沃兹尼亚克|Wozniak, Steven]]: "[[iWoz]]", page 180. [[W. W. Norton]], 2006. ISBN 978-0-393-06143-7</ref>，而此价是在他们原先卖给当地一家店的500美元定价上做了1/3的提价。Apple I约生产了200台。不像当时其他"爱好者电脑"以组装零件的形式销售，Apple I贩售时已是有30个芯片且组合好的电路板。然而使用者仍需自行提供机箱、电源供应器、键盘及显示器使它工作。有一可选的扩充电路板稍后以75美元的价格贩售，它能输出数据至外接录音机做为存储媒体。

Apple I的内置[[终端]]电路相当特殊。用户只需要一组[[电脑键盘]]及一台不贵的[[屏幕]]。当时其他电脑如Altair 8800通常设计以前置切换开关调整并以灯光（通常是红色[[发光二极管|LED]]）输出，若要连接屏幕或[[电传打字机]]则需扩充硬件。这使得Apple I在当时成为创新机种。至1977年4月其价格降至475美元。<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.applefritter.com/node/2703 |title=April 1977 Price List {{!}} Applefritter |accessdate=2009-04-17 |archive-date=2009-04-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090425021739/http://applefritter.com/node/2703 |dead-url=yes }}</ref>它一直被贩售至1977年8月，尽管[[Apple II]]在同年4月首次展示并于6月开始贩售。<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.applefritter.com/node/2715 |title=Bill of Sale {{!}} Applefritter |accessdate=2009-04-17 |archive-date=2009-04-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090426001601/http://www.applefritter.com/node/2715 |dead-url=yes }}</ref>苹果公司于1977年10月将Apple 1从价目表上移除，象征其正式终结。<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.applefritter.com/node/2707 |title=October 1977 Price List {{!}} Applefritter |accessdate=2009-04-17 |archive-date=2009-04-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090425035459/http://www.applefritter.com/node/2707 |dead-url=yes }}</ref>

[[File:Apple1innards.jpg|thumb|right|完整组合好的Apple I[[印刷電路板]]]]
至2008年，约有30~50台Apple I尚存，使其成为非常罕见的[[收藏品]]，而一般价位则在14,000至16,000美元之间。Apple I于1999年曾被卖到50,000美元，2010年在英國以21.36萬美元高價[[拍賣]]<ref>{{cite news |url=http://news.cnyes.com/Content/20101125/KCCWPSCA98ET2.shtml |title=元祖級蘋果Apple I主機板倫敦賣出售價是當年的425倍 |publisher=鉅亨網 |date=2010-11-25 |accessdate=2010-11-25 |archive-date=2012-01-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120120130253/http://news.cnyes.com/Content/20101125/KCCWPSCA98ET2.shtml |dead-url=no }}</ref>。此外，软件上兼容的Apple I复制机－[[Replica 1]]－于2003年以200美元的价位贩售。 <ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.applefritter.com/briel |title=replica 1 {{!}}Applefritter |accessdate=2009-04-17 |archive-date=2009-05-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090507212803/http://www.applefritter.com/briel |dead-url=no }}</ref>

== 参见 ==
* [[打字機]]
* [[計算機博物館]]

== 参考文献 ==
=== 引用 ===
{{Reflist|2}}

=== 来源 ===
;书籍
* Price, Rob, So Far:the First Ten Years of a Vision, Apple Computer, Cupertino, CA, 1987, ISBN 1-55693-974-4
* Owad, Tom (2005). ''[http://www.applefritter.com/replica Apple I Replica Creation: Back to the Garage.]{{Wayback|url=http://www.applefritter.com/replica |date=20090430051642 }}'' Rockland, MA: Syngress Publishing. Copyright © 2005. ISBN 1-931836-40-X

== 外部链接 ==
{{Commonscat|Apple I}}
*[http://www.applefritter.com/apple1 Apple I Owners Club]{{Wayback|url=http://www.applefritter.com/apple1 |date=20090428014139 }}
*[http://lowendmac.com/orchard/05/0509.html Macintosh Prehistory: The Apple I]{{Wayback|url=http://lowendmac.com/orchard/05/0509.html |date=20071014022114 }}
*[http://www.brielcomputers.com The Replica-1 The original Apple 1 clone]{{Wayback|url=http://www.brielcomputers.com/ |date=20200918025305 }}
*[http://www.achatz.nl A-ONE a new Apple 1 clone]{{Wayback|url=http://www.achatz.nl/ |date=20200907224145 }}
*[http://www.sbprojects.com/projects/apple1/ My Apple I project on www.sbprojects.com]{{Wayback|url=http://www.sbprojects.com/projects/apple1/ |date=20090427033721 }}
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20110519052739/http://archive.computerhistory.org/resources/text/Apple/Apple.AppleI.1976.102646518.pdf Apple I Operational Manual]
*[http://www.mess.org/ MESS, Multi-System Emulator which supports Apple I]{{Wayback|url=http://www.mess.org/ |date=20090228235001 }}

{{-}}
{{s-start}}
{{s-new}}
{{s-ttl|title=Apple I
|years=1976}}
{{s-aft|after=[[Apple II series|Apple II]]}}
{{end}}

{{蘋果公司硬體}}
{{Apple hardware before 1998}}

[[Category:蘋果公司硬體]]
[[Category:个人电脑]]
[[Category:1976年美国]]
[[Category:1976年面世的產品]]
[[Category:已停產的蘋果公司產品]]

Apple I - 版本历史

~2026-19952-90 来自 2026年4月1日 (三) 01:12