imported>Dušan Kreheľ (bot)：机器人：多次引用同一个参考文献只需定义一次（1个新参考文献，以及调用了2次新参考文献。）

2022-06-22T23:35:25Z

机器人：多次引用同一个参考文献只需定义一次（1个新参考文献，以及调用了2次新参考文献。）

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{{noteTA
|1=zh-cn:网络; zh-tw:網路; zh-hk:網路; zh-mo:网络;
|2=zh-cn:数字安全; zh-tw:數位安全; zh-hk:數碼安全; zh-mo:数碼安全;
|3=zh-cn:数字版权; zh-tw:數位版權; zh-hk:數碼版權; zh-mo:数字版权;
|4=zh-cn:实时; zh-tw:即時; zh-hk:即時; zh-mo:即時;
}}
{{Infobox organization|name=Access|image=Access Now logo.svg|formation=2009|website=https://www.accessnow.org/}}'''Access Now'''（又称为'''AccessNow.org'''）是一个致力于开放自由网络的[[人权]]、[[公共政策]]、與[[倡导团体|倡議性]]之国际[[非營利组织]]。

Access Now自2009年成立以来，便持續倡議數位人權的議題，其針對下列五個主要的政策领域：數位安全、言论自由、隐私、網路歧视、以及商业與人权<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.accessnow.org/about-us/|title=About Us - Access Now|language=en-US|accessdate=2017-01-25|archive-date=2017-01-31|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170131012729/https://www.accessnow.org/about-us/|dead-url=no}}</ref>。此組織反對封鎖網際网络、网络审查、国际贸易协定、以及政府的監控<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2015/may/28/human-rights-groups-condemn-naurus-criminalisation-of-political-protest|title=Human rights groups condemn Nauru's criminalisation of political protest|accessdate=2015-09-21|last=Farrell|first=Paul|archive-date=2015-09-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150910215313/http://www.theguardian.com/world/2015/may/28/human-rights-groups-condemn-naurus-criminalisation-of-political-protest|dead-url=no}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.accessnow.org/blog/2015/08/28/rights-groups-to-malaysia-stop-blocking-websites-and-allow-bersih-4.0-rally|title=Blog {{!}} Access|accessdate=2015-09-21|archive-date=2015-10-02|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151002012431/https://www.accessnow.org/blog/2015/08/28/rights-groups-to-malaysia-stop-blocking-websites-and-allow-bersih-4.0-rally|dead-url=no}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.accessnow.org/blog/2015/06/28/why-you-should-care-about-the-transatlantic-trade-and-investment-partnershi|title=Blog {{!}} Access|accessdate=2015-09-21|archive-date=2015-09-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150910112319/https://www.accessnow.org/blog/2015/06/28/why-you-should-care-about-the-transatlantic-trade-and-investment-partnershi|dead-url=no}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.slate.com/blogs/future_tense/2016/05/11/the_rule_41_change_would_give_u_s_law_enforcement_power_to_hack_people_worldwide.html|title=This Arcane Rule Change Would Give U.S. Law Enforcement New Power to Hack People Worldwide|last=Solomon|first=Brett|date=2016-05-11|newspaper=Slate|language=en-US|issn=1091-2339|accessdate=2017-01-25|archive-date=2016-11-05|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161105173821/http://www.slate.com/blogs/future_tense/2016/05/11/the_rule_41_change_would_give_u_s_law_enforcement_power_to_hack_people_worldwide.html|dead-url=no}}</ref>。Access Now 也支持[[网络中立性]]、移动电话跟踪、使用加密和經過嚴謹討論所制定的网络安全法律法规。<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.pcworld.com/article/2946312/europe-prepares-to-enforce-its-take-on-net-neutrality.html|title=Europe prepares to enforce its take on net neutrality|accessdate=2015-09-21|archive-date=2015-10-11|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151011143554/http://www.pcworld.com/article/2946312/europe-prepares-to-enforce-its-take-on-net-neutrality.html|dead-url=no}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://blogs.wsj.com/digits/2015/08/17/study-finds-supercookies-used-outside-u-s/|title=Study Finds ‘Supercookies’ Used Outside U.S.|accessdate=2015-09-21|date=2015-08-17|last=Dwoskin|first=Elizabeth|archive-date=2015-09-20|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150920221731/http://blogs.wsj.com/digits/2015/08/17/study-finds-supercookies-used-outside-u-s/|dead-url=no}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://encryptallthethings.net/|title=Encrypt All The Things|accessdate=2015-09-21|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150927033433/http://encryptallthethings.net/|archive-date=2015-09-27|dead-url=yes}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.nationaljournal.com/s/58109/what-congress-can-do-about-cybersecurity-if-cisa-fails|title=What Congress Can Do About Cybersecurity If CISA Fails|accessdate=2015-09-21|archive-date=2015-10-20|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151020081535/http://www.nationaljournal.com/s/58109/what-congress-can-do-about-cybersecurity-if-cisa-fails|dead-url=no}}</ref>访问现在的运动目标支持其使命的各利益相关者，包括政府或科技公司。<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.accessnow.org/page/s/stop-france-mass-surveillance|title=One more chance to stop mass surveillance in France!|accessdate=2015-09-21|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20151001225828/https://www.accessnow.org/page/s/stop-france-mass-surveillance|archivedate=2015-10-01}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://fortune.com/2015/09/04/twitter-politwoops/|title=Reinstate Politwoops accounts, global rights groups say|accessdate=2015-09-21|archive-date=2015-09-06|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150906205946/http://fortune.com/2015/09/04/twitter-politwoops/|dead-url=no}}</ref>与电信公司还从事各种各样的问题，如透明度报告。<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.accessnow.org/pages/transparency-reporting-index|title=Transparency Reporting Index {{!}} Access|accessdate=2015-09-21|archive-date=2015-10-01|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151001215827/https://www.accessnow.org/pages/transparency-reporting-index|dead-url=no}}</ref>

Access Now的数字安全热线提供实时、直接援助和建议活动家、独立媒体和公民社会组织。<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.accessnow.org/pages/tech|title=Tech {{!}} Access|accessdate=2015-09-21|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20151001213834/https://www.accessnow.org/pages/tech|archivedate=2015-10-01}}</ref>组织运行RightsCon年会，是一个多方参与的活動，参与者來自公民社会、科技公司、面临风险的使用者等。<ref name="#1">{{Cite web|url=https://rightscon.org/about|title=RightsCon Summit Series|accessdate=2015-09-21|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150912154310/https://rightscon.org/about|archivedate=2015-09-12}}</ref>会议在2011年首次在[[美國]][[硅谷]]举行，紧随其后的活動在[[巴西]]的[[里约热内卢]](2012)、硅谷(2014)、[[菲律宾]]的[[马尼拉]](2015)、和硅谷(2016)，也就是在硅谷和{{tsl|en|Global South|南營國家}}的一个关键城市之間選一個交替舉行。<ref name="#1"/><ref name="#1"/>RightsCon 2017将在2017年於[[比利時]]的[[布鲁塞尔]]举行。<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.rightscon.org/|title=Home - RightsCon Summit Series|language=en-US|accessdate=2017-01-25|archive-date=2017-01-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170125161630/https://www.rightscon.org/|dead-url=no}}</ref>

Access Now是torservers.net网络的一员，這是個以舉辦研讨会以及募款活動來為[[Tor]]設置一般性的网络出口节点為主要工作計畫的一个非营利组织。<ref name="TorServers.net Members">{{Cite web|url=https://blog.torproject.org/blog/tor-heart-torserversnet|title=Tor at the Heart: Torservers.net|date=2016-12-03|last=Steele|first=Sharon|authorlink=|accessdate=2017-01-25|archive-date=2016-12-20|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161220052321/https://blog.torproject.org/blog/tor-heart-torserversnet|dead-url=no}}</ref>

Access Now的前倡議主任[[凯瑟琳·马赫]]2016年6月被任命维基媒体基金會的执行長。<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://blog.wikimedia.org/2016/06/24/katherine-maher-executive-director/|title=Foundation Board appoints Katherine Maher as Executive Director – Wikimedia blog|accessdate=2017-01-25|archive-date=2016-08-09|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160809200708/https://blog.wikimedia.org/2016/06/24/katherine-maher-executive-director/|dead-url=no}}</ref>而Access Now也曾在2010年入圍歐盟舉辦的[[萨哈罗夫奖|萨哈罗夫思想自由奖]]決選名單中。<ref>{{Citation|title=Sakharov Prize 2010 - 9 nominations|url=http://www.europarl.europa.eu/news/en/news-room/content/20100923IPR83450/html/Sakharov-Prize-2010-9-nominations|accessdate=2015-04-30|archive-date=2019-09-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190919022916/http://www.europarl.europa.eu/news/en/press-room/20100923IPR83450/sakharov-prize-2010-9-nominations|dead-url=no}}</ref>

== 使命 ==
Access Now的使命是保卫和扩大世界上面臨風險使用者的數位權利。通过结合创新政策、用户親身参与、和直接的技术支持，Access Now為所有人打造开放而安全的通訊管道。<ref name="Access Now About">{{Cite web|url=https://www.accessnow.org/about|title=Access Now About|accessdate=2013-05-18|publisher=Access Now|archive-date=2013-04-24|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130424115620/https://www.accessnow.org/about|dead-url=no}}</ref>

== 組織架構 ==
Access Now是一支40人的团队，与駐紮在全球10多个地点當地的工作人员——這些地點包含柏林、布鲁塞尔、科尔多瓦、德里、伦敦、马尼拉、内罗毕、纽约、突尼斯、圣何塞、和华盛顿特區。组织维护四个合法注册的團體——比利时、哥斯达黎加、突尼斯和美国——科技、宣传、政策、補助、运营团队則分布在所有地区。<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.accessnow.org/about/staff|title=Staff {{!}} Access|accessdate=2015-09-21|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20151001214409/https://www.accessnow.org/about/staff|archivedate=2015-10-01}}</ref>

Access Now理事会的組成是以理事長[[Andrew McLaughlin]]、監事[[Yvette Albderdingk Thijm]]、{{tsl|en|Esra'a Al-Shafei||Esra'a Al Shafei}}、{{tsl|en|Ronaldo Lemos||Ronaldo Lemos}}、Andrew Cohen、以及秘书長[[Brett Solomon]]（同時也是Access Now的创始人兼执行總監）。

截至2014年，Access Now收到了大约260万美元的资金。<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.accessnow.org/about/funding|title=Funding {{!}} Access|accessdate=2015-09-22|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20151001215415/https://www.accessnow.org/about/funding|archivedate=2015-10-01}}</ref>

== 历史 ==
Access Now是由Brett所罗门和卡梅伦在2009年伊朗的阿什拉夫有争议的总统选举后的那一年所創立。<ref name="clh">{{Cite web|url=http://cyber.law.harvard.edu/events/luncheon/2009/11/iranelection|title=#iranelection: The digital media response to the 2009 Iranian election|accessdate=2013-05-18|archive-date=2016-08-28|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160828060600/https://cyber.law.harvard.edu/events/luncheon/2009/11/iranelection|dead-url=no}}</ref>这次选举后抗议活动期间，Access Now在散播了來自伊朗的影像成果，扮演了很知名的角色。<ref name=clh/>

== 参考资料 ==
{{reflist|3}}

[[Category:2009年建立的組織]]
[[Category:倡导团体]]
[[Category:互联网相关组织]]

AccessNow.org - 版本历史

imported>Dušan Kreheľ (bot)：​机器人：多次引用同一个参考文献只需定义一次（1个新参考文献，以及调用了2次新参考文献。）

imported>Dušan Kreheľ (bot)：机器人：多次引用同一个参考文献只需定义一次（1个新参考文献，以及调用了2次新参考文献。）