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{{DISPLAYTITLE:{{mp|2011 QF|99}}}}
{{Infobox planet|minorplanet=yes|background=#C7FF8F|name={{mp|2011 QF|99}}|discoverer=|discovery_site=[[毛纳基山天文台]]|discovered=2011年8月29日<ref name="jpldata" /> {{small|（仅第一次观察）}}|mpc_name={{mp|2011 QF|99}}|alt_names=|mp_category=[[天王星特洛伊]]<ref name="AlexandersenGladman2013" /> [[半人马小行星|半人马]]<ref name="jpldata" />{{·}}[[远距小行星|远距]]<ref name="MPC-object" />|orbit_ref=<ref name="jpldata" />|epoch=2017年9月4日（[[儒略日|JD]] 2458000.5）|uncertainty=3|observation_arc=3.97年（1,449天）|aphelion=22.422 [[天文单位|AU]]|perihelion=15.659 AU|semimajor=19.040 AU|eccentricity=0.1776|period=83.08 [[儒略年|yr]] (30,346 days)|mean_anomaly=283.84[[度 (角)|°]]|mean_motion={{Deg2DMS|0.0119|sup=ms}} / day|inclination=10.833°|asc_node=222.52°|arg_peri=288.25°|mean_diameter={{val|60|ul=km}} {{small|(calculated)}}<ref name="AlexandersenGladman2013" />|albedo=0.05 {{small|（假定）}}<ref name="AlexandersenGladman2013" />|mass=|density=|abs_magnitude=9.6 {{small|（R波段）}}<ref name="AlexandersenGladman2013" /> 9.7<ref name=jpldata />}}

'''2011 QF99'''是一颗来自[[外太阳系]]的[[小行星]]，也是第一个被发现的已知[[天王星特洛伊]]小行星。假设反照率为0.05，其直径约为 60公里。<ref name="AlexandersenGladman2013" /><ref name="Choi_2013" />它于2011年8月29日在[[加法夏望远镜]]对[[海王星]]外天体进行的深入调查中首次被观测到，但直到2013年才宣布将其识别为天王星特洛伊。<ref name="AlexandersenGladman2013" /><ref name="MPEC2011" />

2011 QF99暂时在天王星L4[[拉格朗日点]]附近运行。它将继续在L4周围[[天平动|运行]]至少7万年，并将在长达300万年的时间内保持与天王星[[共轨构型|共轨]]。因此，2011 QF99是一个临时的天王星特洛伊——不久前捕获的[[半人马小行星]]。<ref name="AlexandersenGladman2013" /><ref name="othersource" />

人们普遍认为天王星特洛伊木马是不稳定的，并且它们都不被认为具有原始起源。模拟得出的结论是，在任何给定时间，34个天文单位内分散的半人马星群中有0.4%将与天王星共轨，其中64%（所有半人马小行星的0.256%）将在[[马蹄形轨道]]上，10%（0.04%）是[[准卫星]]，26%（0.104%）是特洛伊小行星（L4和L5组各占一半）。<ref name="AlexandersenGladman2013" />第二个天王星特洛伊[[2014 YX49|2014 YX49]]于2017年公布。<ref name=second/>
[[File:Animation of 2011 QF99 relative to Sun and Uranus 1600-2500.gif|thumb|left|2011 QF99相对于太阳和天王星的动画（公园1600-2500年） {{legend2|Magenta|2011 QF99}}{{·}}{{legend2|Lime|天王星}}{{·}}{{legend2|Yellow|太阳}}]]

== 参考资料 ==
{{reflist|refs=

<ref name="jpldata">{{cite web
|type = 2012-10-21 last obs.
|title = JPL Small-Body Database Browser: (2011 QF99)
|url = https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/sbdb.cgi?sstr=3632683
|publisher = [[Jet Propulsion Laboratory]]
|access-date = 12 October 2017
|archive-date = 2021-04-23
|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20210423102223/https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/sbdb.cgi?sstr=3632683
|dead-url = no
}}</ref>

<ref name="MPC-object">{{cite web
|title = 2011 QF99
|work = Minor Planet Center
|url = http://www.minorplanetcenter.net/db_search/show_object?object_id=2011+QF99
|access-date = 12 October 2017
|archive-date = 2023-01-03
|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20230103004219/https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/db_search/show_object?object_id=2011+QF99
|dead-url = no
}}</ref>

<ref name="AlexandersenGladman2013">{{Cite journal | last1 = Alexandersen | first1 = M. | last2 = Gladman | first2 = B. | last3 = Greenstreet | first3 = S. | last4 = Kavelaars | first4 = J. J. | last5 = Petit | first5 = J. -M. | last6 = Gwyn | first6 = S. | doi = 10.1126/science.1238072 | title = A Uranian Trojan and the Frequency of Temporary Giant-Planet Co-Orbitals | url = https://archive.org/details/sim_science_2013-08-30_341_6149/page/994 | journal = Science | volume = 341 | issue = 6149 | pages = 994–997 | date = 2013 | pmid = 23990557| arxiv = 1303.5774|bibcode = 2013Sci...341..994A | s2cid = 39044607 }}</ref>

<ref name = "Choi_2013">{{cite web
| last = Choi
| first = C. Q.
| title = First 'Trojan' Asteroid Companion of Uranus Found
| work = Space.com web site
| publisher = TechMediaNetwork
| date = 2013-08-29
| url = http://www.space.com/22590-uranus-trojan-asteroid-discovery.html
| access-date = 2013-09-03
| archive-date = 2017-08-22
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20170822114652/https://www.space.com/22590-uranus-trojan-asteroid-discovery.html
| dead-url = no
}}</ref>

<ref name=MPEC2011>{{cite journal|last1=Alexandersen|first1=M.|last2=Kavelaars|first2=J.|last3=Petit|first3=J.|last4=Gladman|first4=B.|title=MPEC 2013-F19: 2011 QF99|date=18 March 2013|url=http://www.minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K13/K13F19.html|publisher=[[IAU]]|access-date=3 September 2013|archive-date=2016-08-21|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160821101454/http://www.minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K13/K13F19.html|dead-url=no}}</ref>

<ref name=othersource>{{cite journal
|last2=de la Fuente Marcos |first2=Raúl
|last1=de la Fuente Marcos |first1=Carlos
|title=Comparative orbital evolution of transient Uranian co-orbitals: exploring the role of ephemeral multibody mean motion resonances
|journal=Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
|date= 22 May 2014
|volume=441 |issue=3
|arxiv=1404.2898
|doi=10.1093/mnras/stu733 |pages=2280–2295 |bibcode = 2014MNRAS.441.2280D }}</ref>

<ref name=second>{{cite journal
|last2=de la Fuente Marcos |first2=Raúl
|last1=de la Fuente Marcos |first1=Carlos
|title=Asteroid 2014 YX49: a large transient Trojan of Uranus
|journal=Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
|date= 15 May 2017
|volume=467 |issue=2
|arxiv=1701.05541
|doi=10.1093/mnras/stx197 |pages=1561–1568|bibcode=2017MNRAS.467.1561D }}</ref>

}} 

== 外部链接 ==
* {{JPL small body}}

{{天王星}}

{{太阳系小天体}}
{{2011年太空活动}}

[[Category:特洛伊天体]]
[[Category:2011年发现的天体]]

2011 QF99 - 版本历史

imported>InternetArchiveBot：​Add 1 book for verifiability (20251017sim)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) (GreenC bot

imported>InternetArchiveBot：Add 1 book for verifiability (20251017sim)) #IABot (v2.0.9.5) (GreenC bot