编辑“︁Tillandsia ionantha”︁

{{Orphan|time=2025-01-24T07:24:29+00:00}}
{{Speciesbox
| image = Purple sky plant - Andrey Zharkikh.jpg
| status = LC
| status_system = IUCN3.1
| status_ref = <ref name=IUCN>{{Cite web |url=https://archive.wikiwix.com/cache/index2.php?url=https%3A%2F%2Fapiv3.iucnredlist.org%2Fapi%2Fv3%2Ftaxonredirect%2F44393060#federation=archive.wikiwix.com&tab=url |title=存档副本 |access-date=2023-07-03 |archive-date=2023-07-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230703155427/https://archive.wikiwix.com/cache/index2.php?url=https://apiv3.iucnredlist.org/api/v3/taxonredirect/44393060#federation=archive.wikiwix.com&tab=url |dead-url=no }}</ref>
| genus = Tillandsia
| subgenus = Tillandsia subg. Tillandsia
| species = ionantha
| authority = Planchon
| synonyms = *''Pityrophyllum gracile'' <small>Beer</small>
*''Tillandsia rubentifolia'' <small>Poiss. & Menet</small>
| synonyms_ref = <ref name = u/>
}}

'''llandsia ionantha'''是一種生長於空氣中的鐵蘭[[属]][[物种|植物]]。该物种[[原生物種|原产]]于[[中美洲]]和[[墨西哥]]。同時也在[[布劳沃德县|佛罗里达州布劳沃德县]]有發現野外群落。 <ref name="u">[http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/namedetail.do?name_id=269169 Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families]</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Luther |first=Harry E. |date=1995 |title=An Annotated Checklist of the Bromeliaceae of Costa Rica |url=https://journals.flvc.org/selbyana/article/view/120747 |journal=Selbyana |volume=16 |issue=2 |page=230–234 |issn=0361-185X |jstor=41759911 |access-date=2023-07-03 |archive-date=2023-02-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230226074653/https://journals.flvc.org/selbyana/article/view/120747 |dead-url=no }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Espejo-Serna |first=Adolfo |last2=López-Ferrari |first2=Ana Rosa |last3=Ramírez-morillo |first3=Ivón |last4=Holst |first4=Bruce K. |last5=Luther |first5=Harry E. |last6=Till |first6=Walter |date=1 June 2004 |title=Checklist of Mexican Bromeliaceae with Notes on Species Distribution and Levels of Endemism |url=https://journals.flvc.org/selbyana/article/view/121512 |journal=Selbyana |language=en |volume=25 |issue=1 |page=33–86 |issn=2689-0682 |jstor=41760147 |access-date=2023-07-03 |archive-date=2023-10-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002052846/https://journals.flvc.org/selbyana/article/view/121512 |dead-url=no }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |url=http://bonap.net/MapGallery/County/Tillandsia%20ionantha.png |title=Biota of North America Program, 2013 county distribution map |access-date=2023-07-03 |archive-date=2014-08-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140811023249/http://bonap.net/MapGallery/County/Tillandsia%20ionantha.png |dead-url=no }}</ref>

== 描述 ==
它们主要是无茎植物，有時會有短莖，高6-8厘米。叶长4-9厘米；豆荚宽 0.6-1 厘米，有緻密革狀外皮；呈窄三角形片狀，宽0.3-0.4厘米，覆有緻密的鱗片狀毛，具有葉片狀的苞片；复[[花序]]（由于穗状花序减少为1朵花，外观简单），有1-3朵花，初生叶状苞片，远长于穗状花序，花苞片长3厘米，长于[[萼片]]并覆盖在花药中，具凹痕，脉络不明顯，无毛，[[生物膜|膜质]]，无梗花；萼片长2厘米，离生，后部呈脊狀凸起，前部則下凹為溝状；紫色的花瓣。蒴果长2.5-4.5厘米。 <ref>Cáceres González, DA, K. Schulte, M. Schmidt & G. Zizka. 2013. Diversity and levels of endemism of the Bromeliaceae of Costa Rica - an updated checklist. PhytoKeys 29: 17-61.</ref>

== 分类 ==
''Tillandsia ionantha''最早由{{Link-en|Jules Émile Planchon|Jules Émile Planchon|Jules Émile Planchon}}描述并发表于{{link-en|Flore des Serres et des Jardins de l'Europe|Flore des Serres et des Jardins de l'Europe|Flore des Serres et des Jardins de l'Europe}} 10: 101, t. 1006。1854-1855 [1855]。 <ref>Davidse, G., M. Sousa Sánchez & AO Chater. 1994. Alismataceae to Cyperaceae. 6: i-xvi, 1-543. In G. Davidse, M. Sousa Sánchez & AO Chater (eds.) Fl. Mesoamer .. National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City</ref>

'''學名詞源'''

* '''''Tillandsia''''' ：属名，由 Carl Linnaeus 于 1738 年命名，以纪念芬蘭醫生和植物学家Elias Tillandz （1640-1693，原名 Tillander）。 <ref>Morales Quirós, JF 2003. Bromeliaceae. In: Manual of Plants of Costa Rica, BE Hammel, MH Grayum, C. Herrera & N. Zamora (eds.). Monogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 92: 297-375.</ref>
* '''''ionantha''''' ：種名，在拉丁文中的意思是“具有紫羅蘭色的花朵” <ref>CONABIO 2009. Taxonomic catalog of species of Mexico. 1. In Capital Nat. Mexico. CONABIO, Mexico City.</ref>
*

'''異名'''

* Tillandsia ionantha f. fastigiata P.Koide
* Tillandsia ionantha var. Max Ehlers
* Tillandsia ionantha var. LBSmith scaposa
* Tillandsia ionantha var. P.Koide stricta
* Tillandsia ionantha var. van-hyningii MBFoster
* Tillandsia ionantha var. zebrina BTFoster
* Tillandsia rubentifolia Poisson & Menet
* Tillandsia scopus Hook. F. 4

=== 變種 ===
目前有兩種被認可的變種： <ref name="u"/>

# ''Tillandsia ionantha'' var. ''ionantha'' - 多數品種屬於此種
# ''Tillandsia ionantha'' var. ''stricta'' <small>Koide</small> - 發現於墨西哥瓦哈卡州(Oaxaca de Juárez,México)

== 圖片集 ==
<gallery>
File:Matthaei Botanical Gardens - IMG 8999.JPG|展示中的植株
File:Tillandsia ionantha - Lyman Plant House, Smith College - DSC04227.JPG|展示中的叢生植株
File:Tilandsia Ionantha flower.jpg|花序特寫
File:Tillandsia ionantha 2.jpg|在籬笆上開花的植株
File:Tillandsia ionantha Druid.jpg|"德魯伊"栽培品種，開白色花
File:Tillandsia ionantha "Druid".jpg|栽培品種"德魯伊"正面照
File:20100522 Tillandsia Victoria.jpg|"維多利亞"栽培品種，為T. ionantha與T. brachycaulos之雜交種
</gallery>

== 參考來源 ==
<references group="" responsive="1"></references>
[[Category:墨西哥植物]]
[[Category:哥斯达黎加植物]]
[[Category:铁兰属]]