编辑“︁Sic semper tyrannis”︁

{{noteTA
| 1 = zh-hans:恺撒;zh-hant:凱撒;
| 2 = zh-cn:雷必达;zh-tw:雷比達;
| G1 = 人名
| G2 = USState
}}
[[File:“La muerte de Julio César”, de F. H. Fuger.jpg|thumb|《凱撒之死》，[[海因里希·富格爾]]繪]]
「'''{{lang|la|Sic semper tyrannis}}'''」是一个[[拉丁语]]短语，意为“'''这就是暴君的下场'''”（''{{lang|en|thus always to tyrants}}''）。完整的表达可以是“''{{lang|la|Sic semper evello mortem Tyrannis}}''”（意为“我就要这样消灭暴君。”）。

这句话被欧洲以及世界上其他国家引用，视其为对滥用权力的控诉。它是[[弗吉尼亚州]]和[[阿伦敦 (宾夕法尼亚州)|阿伦敦市]]官方格言。[[约翰·威尔克斯·布斯]]在[[刺杀林肯]]时就高呼这句口号，把林肯比作暴君。

==历史==
此句常被认为出自[[马尔库斯·尤利乌斯·布鲁图斯]]刺杀[[恺撒]]的时候说的，但[[普鲁塔克]]认为，布鲁图斯没有机会说出这句话，就算他说过也没人听见：
{{quote|1=恺撒就这样死了，虽然布鲁图斯上前像是讲了一些话，[[元老院|元老们]]也没有听他讲，而是夺门而出，人们心中充满着疑惑与无助的恐惧……）<ref>“Caesar thus done to death, the senators, although Brutus came forward as if to say something about what had been done, would not wait to hear him, but burst out of doors and fled, thus filling the people with confusion and helpless fear...”</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Plutarch, Caesar, chapter 67 |url=https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.01.0244:chapter=67 |website=www.perseus.tufts.edu |access-date=2026-03-05}}</ref>}}

美国总统林肯废除奴隶制和南北战争期间，南部的许多人认为林肯违反了宪法和人民的意志，在南方州宣布独立后用战争强迫南部投降，是当代暴君。1865年4月14日，[[约翰·威尔克斯·布斯]]在其日记中写道，他枪击林肯后喊出了这句话。<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.law.umkc.edu/faculty/projects/ftrials/lincolnconspiracy/boothdiary.html |title=Diary Entry of John Wilkes Booth<!-- Bot generated title --> |accessdate=2013-04-05 |archive-date=2010-12-29 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101229212451/http://www.law.umkc.edu/faculty/projects/ftrials/lincolnconspiracy/boothdiary.html |dead-url=yes }}</ref><ref>{{cite news | url=http://timesmachine.nytimes.com/browser/1865/04/15/P1 | work=The New York Times | title=TimesMachine April 15, 1865 - New York Times | accessdate=2013-04-05 | archive-date=2013-04-02 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130402033521/http://timesmachine.nytimes.com/browser/1865/04/15/P1 | dead-url=yes }}</ref>1995年4月19日[[俄克拉何马城爆炸案]]，[[蒂莫西·詹姆斯·麦克维]]被捕时身穿印有林肯和这句话的[[T恤]]。<ref>{{cite news |last=Kilzer |first= Lou |author2=Flynn, Kevin |title= Did McVeigh Plan to get Caught, or was he Sloppy? |work= Denver Rocky Mountain News |date= 1997-12-19}}</ref>

==格言==
此句由[[乔治·梅森]]在1776年建议加入{{Link-en|弗吉尼亚公约|Virginia Convention}}，作为联邦徽章的一部分。弗吉尼亚州徽上，[[美德]]的化身手持长矛，脚踏[[暴君]]，王冠掉落一旁。此徽由曼森策划，{{Link-en|乔治·威思|George Wythe}}设计，此人曾参与签署[[独立宣言]]，并教授过[[托马斯·杰斐逊]]法学。<ref>{{cite book |title= The Life of George Mason, 1725-1792 |first= Kate Mason |last= Rowland |publisher= G.P. Putnam's Sons |year= 1892 |pages= 264–265 |url= http://books.google.com/books?id=jbiCAAAAIAAJ&pg=PA265 |access-date= 2013-04-05 |archive-date= 2014-07-02 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20140702021826/http://books.google.com/books?id=jbiCAAAAIAAJ&pg=PA265 |dead-url= no }}</ref>至少在[[美国内战]]之前，弗吉尼亚流行一个笑话，说的是州徽上的“''Sic semper tyrannis''”的意思是“别把脚放在我的脖子上。”（''Get your foot off my neck.''）<ref>{{cite journal |last=von Borcke |first=Heros |authorlink= |title=Memoirs of the Confederate War for Independence |journal=Blackwood's Edinburgh Magazine |volume=99 |version=American edition, vol. 62 |issue=606 |page=462 |publisher=Leonard Scott & Co. |location=New York |url=http://books.google.com/books?id=HqrZODfwUIIC&dq=sic%20semper%20tyrannis&pg=PA462#v=onepage&q&f=false |accessdate=21 August 2010 |quote=...the coat of arms of the state of Virginia, bearing the motto, ''Sic semper tyrannis'', which the soldiers translated, "Take your foot off my neck", from the action of the principal figure ... representing Liberty, who, with a lance in her right hand, is standing over the conquered and prostrate tyrant, and apparently trampling on him with her heel. |date=April 1866 |archive-date=2014-06-29 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140629210705/http://books.google.com/books?id=HqrZODfwUIIC&dq=sic%20semper%20tyrannis&pg=PA462#v=onepage&q&f=false |dead-url=no }}</ref>

==参考==
{{reflist}}

== 外部链接 ==
* [http://www.m-w.com/dictionary/Sic%20semper%20tyrannis Webster entry]{{Wayback|url=http://www.m-w.com/dictionary/Sic%20semper%20tyrannis |date=20071225002204 }} - audio pronunciation

[[Category:拉丁语格言]]
[[Category:林肯遇刺案]]
[[Category:政治语录]]