编辑“︁Pango”︁

{{NoteTA|G1=IT|1=zh-hans:渲染;zh-hant:描繪
}}
{{Infobox Software
| name = Pango
| author                 = Owen Taylor<ref>[http://www.osnews.com/story/5453 Interview: Red Hat's Owen Taylor on GTK+] {{Wayback|url=http://www.osnews.com/story/5453 |date=20160304031549 }}, '' also known for his contributions on Pango.'', by Eugenia Loli, 19th Dec 2003</ref><br />[[Raph Levien]]

| developer              = Behdad Esfahbod
| released               = {{Start date and age|1999|07|11|df=yes}}<ref>[http://people.redhat.com/otaylor/pango-mirror/download.shtml Pango] {{Wayback|url=http://people.redhat.com/otaylor/pango-mirror/download.shtml |date=20150402195413 }}, Made version 0.2, Owen Taylor, redhat.com</ref>
| logo = Pango-name.svg
| caption = Pango名称的写法 
| programming language   = [[C语言]]
| operating_system = [[类Unix系统]]、[[Microsoft Windows]]及其他
| genre = [[渲染|文字渲染]]
| license = [[LGPL]]
| website =
}}

'''Pango'''（{{sans|Παν-{語}-}}）是一个[[开放源代码]]的[[自由软件|自由]]文本布局库，通过使用[[HarfBuzz]]文本塑形库描繪多语种的文字。<ref>{{cite web
|url         = http://www.pango.org/
|title         = Pango website
|accessdate         = 7 July 2011
|archive-date         = 2008-01-07
|archive-url         = https://web.archive.org/web/20080107025248/http://www.pango.org/
|dead-url         = yes
}}</ref>全功能文本渲染和跨平台支持在Pango与各平台的API或诸如[[Uniscribe]]和[[FreeType]]作为文本渲染[[后端]]的第三方库使用时呈现。Pango处理的文本会表现出在不同平台之下运行时的相近效果。

Pango是一种特定用途的文本函式库，而不是像同样能被Pango所用的通用图形渲染库[[Cairo (绘图)|Cairo]]只具备最简单的文本渲染。实际上Cairo技术文档推荐使用Pango来渲染文本。

Pango的名称出自[[希腊语]]“{{lang|el|παν}}”（''pan''，所有）和[[日语]]“{{lang|ja|語}}”（''go''，[[语言]]）。<ref>{{cite web|url  = http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/library/l-u-pango1/|title  = The Pango connection: Part 1|archiveurl  = https://web.archive.org/web/20090627223318/http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/library/l-u-pango1/|archivedate  = 2009年6月27日|accessdate  = 7 July 2011|deadurl  = no}}</ref>

== 应用 ==
Pango已经被整合到多数Linux发行版中，并在[[Fedora Core]] 6被用于[[Firefox]]网页浏览器和[[Mozilla Thunderbird|Thunderbird]]邮件客户端的文字渲染。虽然在Mozilla的源代码里并没有包含Pango，但Fedora Core得到了[[Mozilla基金会]]的特别许可<ref name="redhat.com 2007">{{cite web | author = Fedora Project | title = "Fedora Core 6 Release Notes" | url = http://download.fedora.redhat.com/pub/fedora/linux/core/6/i386/os/RELEASE-NOTES-en_US.html#id321398 | accessdate = 2008-03-07 | language = en | deadurl = yes | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20080312010514/http://download.fedora.redhat.com/pub/fedora/linux/core/6/i386/os/RELEASE-NOTES-en_US.html#id321398 | archivedate = 2008-03-12 }}</ref>。同样，Debian的[[Iceweasel]]、IceDove和IceApe也使用了Pango。

== 对OpenType功能的支持 ==

[[Image:Pango locl demo.png|thumb|250px|上为默认的渲染效果，下为罗马尼亚文的本地化渲染效果。（使用Verdana）]]

Pango 1.17及更新版本支持使用'''locl'''标签允许同一Unicode码点的本地化字符的使用。<!--Assuming you have [[Verdana]] version 5.01 installed, which supports the locl feature for the latn/ROM (Romanian) script, a quick demonstration (on Linux) is:
<source lang="bash">
for lang in en ro; do pango-view \
 --font="Verdana 64" \
 --text "şţ vs. șț in $lang" \
 --language=$lang; done
</source>

For an explanation of the substitutions rules for Romanian, see this [[Romanian alphabet#Comma-below .28.C8.99 and .C8.9B.29 versus cedilla .28.C5.9F and .C5.A3.29|discussion]].

Setting the locale via the POSIX environment variable, e.g. LANG=ro_RO.UTF-8 will also cause Pango to use '''locl''' font feature. Finally, you can change the language on the fly in the same text using [http://library.gnome.org/devel/pango/unstable/PangoMarkupFormat.html Pango markup], e.g.:

<source lang="bash">
pango-view \
 --font="Verdana 24" \
 --markup \
 --text 'In the same text: <span lang="en">şţ</span>(en) and <span lang="ro">şţ</span>(ro).'
</source>

The official showcase of Pango's script-aware features is [http://www.pango.org/ScriptGallery here].-->

从1.37.1版开始，Pango添加了更多属性来提供处理OpenType功能的完整支持。<ref>{{cite web
|url         = http://ftp.gnome.org/pub/GNOME/sources/pango/1.37/pango-1.37.1.news
|title         = Overview of changes between 1.37.0 and 1.37.1
|accessdate         = 18 August 2015
|archive-date         = 2015-12-25
|archive-url         = https://web.archive.org/web/20151225010904/http://ftp.gnome.org/pub/GNOME/sources/pango/1.37/pango-1.37.1.news
|dead-url         = no
}}</ref><ref>{{cite web
|url         = https://bugzilla.gnome.org/show_bug.cgi?id=738505
|title         = Bug 738505 - Add fontfeatures support in PangoAttributes and markup
|publisher         = GNOME Bugzilla
|accessdate         = 18 August 2015
|archive-date         = 2018-11-16
|archive-url         = https://web.archive.org/web/20181116152759/https://bugzilla.gnome.org/show_bug.cgi?id=738505
|dead-url         = no
}}</ref><ref>{{cite web
 |url          = http://tavmjong.free.fr/blog/?p=1442
 |title        = Font Features Land in Inkscape Trunk
 |publisher    = Tavmjong Bah's Blog
 |date         = 23 June 2015
 |accessdate   = 18 August 2015
 |archive-date = 2015-09-06
 |archive-url  = https://web.archive.org/web/20150906134647/http://tavmjong.free.fr/blog/?p=1442
 |dead-url     = no
}}</ref>

== 历史 ==
2000年1月，GScript和GnomeText计划合并后命名为Pango。<ref>[http://people.redhat.com/otaylor/pango-mirror/status-000114.shtml Pango - Status - 14 January 2000] {{Wayback|url=http://people.redhat.com/otaylor/pango-mirror/status-000114.shtml |date=20171201041123 }}, Owen Taylor, Redhat</ref><ref>[http://linuxdevcenter.com/pub/a/linux/2000/03/21/guadec/guadec.html?page=2 GNOMEs in Paris: A Report from GUADEC] {{Wayback|url=http://linuxdevcenter.com/pub/a/linux/2000/03/21/guadec/guadec.html?page=2 |date=20150912115151 }}, ''The most impressive part of their presentation was the discussion on Pango (the result of the GScript and GnomeText merger)'', 2000/03/21, By Chuck Toporek - O'Reilly Media</ref><ref>[http://www.levien.com/gnome/pango-0.1.html Pango proposal, rev 0.1] {{Wayback|url=http://www.levien.com/gnome/pango-0.1.html |date=20160304211805 }}, Raph Levien, 28 July 1999</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20000815092557/http://people.redhat.com/otaylor/gscript/ GScript - Unicode and Complex Text Processing], ''The GScript project has been merged with the GnomeText project. For information about the result, named Pango, see: http://www.pango.org {{Wayback|url=http://www.pango.org/ |date=20080107025248 }} If you have trouble accessing that site, there is a mirror here. By Owen Taylor</ref><ref>[http://www.levien.com/gnome/gnome-text.html  Gnome-Text API documentation] {{Wayback|url=http://www.levien.com/gnome/gnome-text.html |date=20160304212929 }}, Raph Levien, 10 Jul 1999, ''Owen Taylor is working on gscript, which has some overlap with the functions described in this interface. We're working on unifying the two api's as much as possible.''</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://beast.testbit.eu/_mirror/gnome-news/946276088.html|title=GNOME Developer's Interview Follow-up|first=Ali|last=Abdin|date=27 December ????|website=beast.testbit.eu|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130602195924/http://beast.testbit.eu/_mirror/gnome-news/946276088.html|archivedate=2013-06-02|accessdate=2015-10-17}} ''Pango (which is the code name for a merger of my Gscript project and Raph Levien's GnomeText project) is a modular set of libraries for doing layout and rendering of international text. It's a bit similar to Microsoft's Uniscript or Apple's ATSUI.''</ref>

Pango 1.0.0 版于2002年3月11日发布。<ref>{{cite web |url=http://gtk.org/pango-1.0.0-announce.html |title=存档副本 |accessdate=2015-10-17 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20020402201452/http://gtk.org/pango-1.0.0-announce.html |archivedate=2002-04-02 }}, Pango 1.0.0 released</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://mail.gnome.org/archives/gnome-announce-list/2002-March/msg00022.html |title=GTK+ user interface libraries, version 2.0 |accessdate=2015-10-17 |archive-date=2014-12-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141220181311/https://mail.gnome.org/archives/gnome-announce-list/2002-March/msg00022.html |dead-url=no }}</ref>

== 参见 ==
{{portal|自由軟體}} 

* [[Uniscribe]] - Windows的Unicode文字渲染引擎
* {{link-en|WorldScript|WorldScript}} - Macintosh过去使用的Unicode文字渲染引擎
* {{link-en|Core Text|Core Text}} - 现代化多语种文字渲染引擎，[[Mac OS X 10.5]]引入
* [[Graphite]] - [[跨平台]]的开源智能字体渲染引擎
* [[Cairo_(繪圖)|Cairo]] - 一个矢量图形库

== 参考文献 ==
<div class="references-small">
<references/>
</div>

== 外部連結 ==
*{{en}}{{Official site|http://www.pango.org/}}
*{{en}}[http://www-128.ibm.com/developerworks/linux/library/l-u-pango1/ Pango introduction]{{Wayback|url=http://www-128.ibm.com/developerworks/linux/library/l-u-pango1/ |date=20070706041928 }}

{{Freedesktop.org}}
{{Free and open-source typography}}
{{GTK|state=collapsed}}

[[Category:C函式庫]]
[[Category:GNOME函式庫]]
[[Category:Unicode]]
[[Category:數碼字體排印]]